210 research outputs found
Substance use and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (from the CDC Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System [BRFSS] survey)
Developmen
Isolated unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery: a case report and review of the literature
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to determine the
symptomatology, diagnostic procedures, and therapeutic strategies of
patients with an isolated unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery (UAPA).
BACKGROUND: Isolated UAPA is a rare anomaly. Some case reports exist, but
the best diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to these patients remain
unclear. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of 108 cases reported
between 1978 and 2000. The database of the National Library of Medicine
(MEDLINE) was used to identify cases that were published in any language
from 1978 onward. RESULTS: Of the 108 patients identified, 14 were
asymptomatic. The median age was 14 years (range, 0.1 to 58 years). Most
patients had symptoms such as frequent pulmonary infections (37%), dyspnea
or limited exercise tolerance (40%), or hemoptysis (20%). Pulmonary
hypertension was present in 44% of the patients. Surgical procedures were
performed in 17% of patients, and the overall mortality rate was 7%.
CONCLUSION: Only a few patients with isolated UAPA remain asymptomatic
during follow-up. The diagnosis can be made by chest radiograph,
echocardiography, CT scan, and MRI. Hilar arteries can be shown by cardiac
catheterization and pulmonary venous wedge angiography. This is important
since revascularization may improve pulmonary hypertension. The avoidance
of high altitudes and pregnancy may further improve outcomes
Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Comparison of Transplacental Treatment of Fetal Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias With Digoxin, Flecainide, and Sotalol: Results of a Nonrandomized Multicenter Study"
Developmen
The Role of the Epinephrine Test in the Diagnosis and Management of Children Suspected of Having Congenital Long QT Syndrome
Maternal acceptability of pulse oximetry screening at home after home birth or very early discharge
Developmen
The R" wave in V1 and the negative terminal QRS vector in aVF combine to a novel 12-lead ECG algorithm to identify slow conducting anatomical isthmus 3 in patients with tetralogy of Fallot
AimsPatients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) have an increased risk of ventricular tachycardia (VT), with slow conducting anatomical isthmus (SCAI) 3 as dominant VT substrate. In patients with right bundle branch block (RBBB), SCAI 3 leads to local activation delay with a shift of terminal RV activation towards the lateral RV outflow tract which may be detected by terminal QRS vector changes on sinus rhythm electrocardiogram (ECG).Methods and resultsConsecutive rTOF patients aged ≥16 years with RBBB who underwent electroanatomical mapping at our institution between 2017–2022 and 2010–2016 comprised the derivation and validation cohort, respectively. Forty-six patients were included in the derivation cohort (aged 40±15 years, QRS duration 165±23 ms). Among patients with SCAI 3 (n = 31, 67%), 17 (55%) had an R″ in V1, 18 (58%) had a negative terminal QRS portion (NTP) ≥80 ms in aVF, and 12 (39%) had both ECG characteristics, compared to only 1 (7%), 1 (7%), and 0 patient without SCAI, respectively.Combining R″ in V1 and/or NTP ≥80 ms in aVF into a diagnostic algorithm resulted in a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 87% in detecting SCAI 3. The inter-observer agreement for the diagnostic algorithm was 0.875. In the validation cohort [n = 33, 18 (55%) with SCAI 3], the diagnostic algorithm had a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 80% for identifying SCAI 3.ConclusionA sinus rhythm ECG-based algorithm including R″ in V1 and/or NTP ≥80 ms in aVF can identify rTOF patients with a SCAI 3 and may contribute to non-invasive risk stratification for VT.Cardiolog
Enforcing Security and Safety with Proof-Carrying Code
AbstractIn an environment where more and more code cannot be trusted to behave safety it is becoming necessary to employ mechanisms for detecting and preventing unsafe program behavior. This paper first reviews various such mechanisms and then focuses on static mechanisms with an emphasis on Proof-Carrying Code and its expressiveness.Proof-Carrying Code is a technique that allows a code receiver to verify statically that the code has certain required properties, which are stated in the form of a safety policy. To make this possible the code is accompanied by a representation of an easily checkable formal proof of compliance with the safety policy. This paper discusses first the general properties of the Proof-Carrying Code technique and then explores a particular implementation of the idea using verification condition generators. As a surprising result we prove that by adopting such an implementation choice we limit ourselves to safety properties, which constitute but a subset (albeit a very important one) of all the interesting program properties. We further speculate on what it takes to extend Proof-Carrying Code to handle more that safety properties
A Potential Diagnostic Approach for Foetal Long-QT Syndrome, Developed and Validated in Children
Developmen
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