Rural Development and Unemployment Reduction

The objective of this paper is to study the link between rural regional development strategies and unemployment reduction in agricultural regions. Based on empirical data, the paper presents the assessment of the "diversification effects" for the regional labor demand achieved through the development of the non-state sector, small businesses and the service market on the regional labor markets' behavior. By using the regression models we analyze how labor market performances depend on the patterns of the employment structure. Special attention is paid to the comparative analysis of agrarian and industrial regions. It is shown that high rates of employment in the agriculture weaken the position of the region on the labor market. However, diversification of the employment structure of the agricultural regions is a factor reducing the risk of rural unemployment. In rural regions the development of non-agricultural employment produces positive effects on the regional labor markets' behavior. We study the relationships of the labor market performance with the key directions of the economic reform like changes in the ownership structure, development of small businesses and the service market.rural development, Russian regions, agricultural, diversification effects, unemployment reduction, Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Gas burners used for combustion of biomass-generated gas and gas-like waste

Original burners used for ecologically safe combustion of natural (soil) gas implement stadial combustion with varying levels of oxygen deficiency in their separate zones created by the flame vortex, which correlates with the capabilities of other effective hardware. Process of NOx reduction with the use of uncomplete combustion products is organized simultaneously with the use of the new technology of maintaining inner ejection in the flame vortex and zone of intensive mixing while weakening the whole flame vortex's twist. This lets us adapt the designs for combustion of biomass-generated gas and gas-like waste. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd

Boundary Between Stable and Unstable Regimes of Accretion

We investigated the boundary between stable and unstable regimes of accretion and its dependence on different parameters. Simulations were performed using a "cubed sphere" code with high grid resolution (244 grid points in the azimuthal direction), which is twice as high as that used in our earlier studies. We chose a very low viscosity value, with alpha-parameter alpha=0.02. We observed from the simulations that the boundary strongly depends on the ratio between magnetospheric radius r_m (where the magnetic stress in the magnetosphere matches the matter stress in the disk) and corotation radius r_cor (where the Keplerian velocity in the disk is equal to the angular velocity of the star). For a small misalignment angle of the dipole field, Theta=5 degrees, accretion is unstable if r_cor/r_m>1.35, and is stable otherwise. In cases of a larger misalignment angle of the dipole, Theta=20 degrees, instability occurs at slightly larger values, r_cor/r_m>1.41.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, conference proceedings: "Physics at the Magnetospheric Boundary", Geneva, Switzerland, 25-28 June, 201

New records of spiders and insects for NE Fennoscandia (Murmansk Region, Russia)

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Schoenus ferrugineus (Cyperaceae) in Murmansk Region (Russia)

Schoenus ferrugineus L. is one of the diagnostic species of calcareous fens, which are floristically rich and scattered locally in Europe. 25 new occurrences, most of them recent ones, have been found in Russia, mostly from the eastern border areas of the species. The new locality in Murmansk Region, reported here, corresponds to the northern limit of this species in Europe, and is situated about 60 km north of the Arctic Circle. The new site is described and the distribution and ecology of the species in Murmansk Region are discussed. It is proposed to change the status of this species in the Regional Red Data Book to ’Critically Endangered’

Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Orchidaceae) in Murmansk Region (Russia)

The current distribution of Dactylorhiza traunsteineri (Saut. ex Soó) Soó (= Dactylorhiza lapponica (Laest. ex Hartm.) Soó = D. majalis (Rchb.) P.F. Hunt & Summerh. subsp. lapponica (Laest. ex Hartm.) H. Sund.) in Murmansk Region, Russia, is limited to two occurrences. Almost all the historical herbarium specimens from the area proved to be D. maculata (L.) Soó. The taxonomy of the complex is discussed. A newly discovered population of D. traunsteineri is described in detail. The fitness of northern populations of D. traunsteineri is reduced according to a variety of measures. The species is probably at the risk of extirpation in the north because of narrow phytosociological and ecological amplitudes and low seed production. The status of this species in the regional Red Data Book should be ’Critically Endangered’

A review of Characeae (Charophyta) in Murmansk Region (Russia) with notes on a new record of Chara virgata

Five species of Characeae are known in Murmansk Region from five biogeographic provinces (Lps, Lt, Lim, Ks, Lv). One of them, Chara strigosa A.Braun, is included in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation. A new site for C. virgata Kütz. is described from a rich fen in the province of Lim. This is the second record of the species in the Region. The new site is situated about 100 km NW of the previous one in a lake near the White Sea coast. The status of this species in the Regional Red Data Book should be ’Vulnerable’

Chamorchis alpina and Epipactis helleborine in the Murmansk Region, Russia, and assessments of the orchids in the Region using the IUCN Red List Categories

The old record of Chamorchis alpina from Rybachiy Peninsula, Murmansk Region has been confirmed and another old locality reported from Pechenga on the basis of two herbarium specimens collected by Jacob Fellman (H). The specimen from Pechenga was wrongly published as Herminium monorchis in Fellman’s Index plantarum 1831. Chamorchis alpina has not been found in the Murmansk Region since more than 180 years, and it is proposed to be treated as regionally extinct (RE) in the Red Data Books dealing with the Region. Epipactis helleborine, recently reported from the District of Kandalaksha, should be added to the regional Red Data Book as a critically endangered (CR) species. Five species relic for polar latitudes – Calypso bulbosa, Cypripedium calceolus, Epipogium aphyllum, Hammarbya paludosa and Malaxis monophyllos – better belong to critically endangered (CR) than endangered (EN) species. Dactylorhiza traunsteineri, known only from two localities, should be moved from vulnerable (VU) to critically endangered (CR). Dactylorhiza incarnata, small populations of which show drastic fluctuations, should be treated as endangered (EN) instead of vulnerable (VU). Coeloglossum viride, Corallorhiza trifida, Gymnadenia conopsea and Listera cordata should be transferred from VU to a group of species in need of monitoring. Leucorchis albida should be included as Vulnerable in the National Red Data Book of Russia. Dactylorhiza fuchsii should belong to the category of Data Deficient (DD)