Eighty years of macromolecular science: from birth to nano-, bio- and self-assembling polymers—with slight emphasis on European contributions

A definition of macromolecular science (as opposed to polymer science and engineering) is given, from which the year 1930 is derived as the year of its birth. The scope of treatment of this paper will be limited to solid technical polymers. Some important discoveries of polymer technology in the nineteenth century are reviewed together with the reason why the concept of macromolecules and the theory of rubber elasticity did not emerge earlier. The role of chain backbones in structure formation and mechanical loading of technical polymers has been heavily discussed ever since and has attracted this author for most of his scientific work. He offers a personal perspective of the most important achievements in three domains of macromolecular science: the synthesis of well-designed chain molecules, structural characterization and the understanding of the micro-mechanics of (nano-structured) polymer materials. Progress is generally documented by citing individual references from the discussed periods—well knowing that the development of science is due to the contributions of many more people. In conclusion, a critical outlook will be attempted on future trends in the design and application of well-adapted—and frequently complex—polymer systems towards growing human need

Reningsförmåga vid olika metoder för dagvattenhantering

Flera olika tekniker för att omhänderta urbana ytors dagvatten har utvecklats under senare tid och implementerats i Sverige i större eller mindre omfattning. I detta Movium Fakta sammanfattas en litteraturstudie, initierad av branschföreningen Svenskt Vatten, för att belysa olika dagvattenteknikers reningsförmåga

Analysen und regionale Entwicklungen

ANALYSEN UND REGIONALE ENTWICKLUNGEN Analysen und regionale Entwicklungen / Blecken, Lutke (Rights reserved) ( -

Crossover from Fermi Liquid to Non-Fermi Liquid Behavior in a Solvable One-Dimensional Model

We consider a quantum moany-body problem in one-dimension described by a Jastrow type, characterized by an exponent $\lambda$ and a parameter $\gamma$. We show that with increasing $\gamma$, the Fermi Liquid state ($\gamma=0)$ crosses over to non-Fermi liquid states, characterized by effective "temperature".Comment: 8pp. late

Beispiele für ein nachhaltiges Landmanagement

BEISPIELE FÜR EIN NACHHALTIGES LANDMANAGEMENT Beispiele für ein nachhaltiges Landmanagement / Knieling, Jörg (Rights reserved) ( -

Eighty years of macromolecular science: from birth to nano-, bio- and self-assembling polymers-with slight emphasis on European contributions

A definition of macromolecular science (as opposed to polymer science and engineering) is given, from which the year 1930 is derived as the year of its birth. The scope of treatment of this paper will be limited to solid technical polymers. Some important discoveries of polymer technology in the nineteenth century are reviewed together with the reason why the concept of macromolecules and the theory of rubber elasticity did not emerge earlier. The role of chain backbones in structure formation and mechanical loading of technical polymers has been heavily discussed ever since and has attracted this author for most of his scientific work. He offers a personal perspective of the most important achievements in three domains of macromolecular science: the synthesis of well-designed chain molecules, structural characterization and the understanding of the micro-mechanics of (nano-structured) polymer materials. Progress is generally documented by citing individual references from the discussed periods-well knowing that the development of science is due to the contributions of many more people. In conclusion, a critical outlook will be attempted on future trends in the design and application of well-adapted-and frequently complex-polymer systems towards growing human needs

Rotationally invariant family of L\'evy like random matrix ensembles

We introduce a family of rotationally invariant random matrix ensembles characterized by a parameter $\lambda$. While $\lambda=1$ corresponds to well-known critical ensembles, we show that $\lambda \ne 1$ describes "L\'evy like" ensembles, characterized by power law eigenvalue densities. For $\lambda > 1$ the density is bounded, as in Gaussian ensembles, but $\lambda <1$ describes ensembles characterized by densities with long tails. In particular, the model allows us to evaluate, in terms of a novel family of orthogonal polynomials, the eigenvalue correlations for L\'evy like ensembles. These correlations differ qualitatively from those in either the Gaussian or the critical ensembles.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Impact of localization on Dyson's circular ensemble

A wide variety of complex physical systems described by unitary matrices have been shown numerically to satisfy level statistics predicted by Dyson's circular ensemble. We argue that the impact of localization in such systems is to provide certain restrictions on the eigenvalues. We consider a solvable model which takes into account such restrictions qualitatively and find that within the model a gap is created in the spectrum, and there is a transition from the universal Wigner distribution towards a Poisson distribution with increasing localization.Comment: To be published in J. Phys.