Appendix A. Seasonal patterns of lipid normalized zooplankton δ13C (δ13CLE).

Seasonal patterns of lipid normalized zooplankton δ13C (δ13CLE)

Appendix B. Summary isotopic data for zooplankton in Council Lake.

Summary isotopic data for zooplankton in Council Lake

Appendix A. Relationship between interannual turnover and monthly richness.

Relationship between interannual turnover and monthly richness

Appendix D. Allochthony estimates for zooplankton in Council Lake.

Allochthony estimates for zooplankton in Council Lake

Appendix D. Time series of the observed annual V-ratio relative to a null model (SIM-8).

Time series of the observed annual V-ratio relative to a null model (SIM-8)

Appendix C. Relationship between annual turnover and autocorrelation of species.

Relationship between annual turnover and autocorrelation of species

Raw data, processing code, processed data and analysis code + repeatability files

Raw data, processing code, processed data and analysis code + repeatability file

Variation in Body Shape across Species and Populations in a Radiation of Diaptomid Copepods

<div><p> Inter and intra-population variation in morphological traits, such as body size and shape, provides important insights into the ecological importance of individual natural populations. The radiation of Diaptomid species (~400 species) has apparently produced little morphological differentiation other than those in secondary sexual characteristics, suggesting sexual, rather than ecological, selection has driven speciation. This evolutionary history suggests that species, and conspecific populations, would be ecologically redundant but recent work found contrasting ecosystem effects among both species and populations. This study provides the first quantification of shape variation among species, populations, and/or sexes (beyond taxonomic illustrations and body size measurements) to gain insight into the ecological differentiation of Diaptomids. Here we quantify the shape of five Diaptomid species (family Diaptomidae) from four populations each, using morphometric landmarks on the prosome, urosome, and antennae. We partition morphological variation among species, populations, and sexes, and test for phenotype-by-environment correlations to reveal possible functional consequences of shape variation. We found that intraspecific variation was 18-35% as large as interspecific variation across all measured traits. Interspecific variation in body size and relative antennae length, the two traits showing significant sexual dimorphism, were correlated with lake size and geographic location suggesting some niche differentiation between species. Observed relationships between intraspecific morphological variation and the environment suggest that divergent selection in contrasting lakes might contribute to shape differences among local populations, but confirming this requires further analyses. Our results show that although Diaptomid species differ in their reproductive traits, they also differ in other morphological traits that might indicate ecological differences among species and populations.</p> </div

Map of sampling locations for Calanoid copepods included in the study.

<p>Base map created using the BC Watershed Atlas. Inset: Southern Vancouver Island.</p

Appendix A. Sampling overview.

Sampling overview