THE WIND MUSIC OF STEVE DANYEW: A DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THREE SIGNIFICANT WIND COMPOSITIONS

Despite being active as a composer for a little less than a decade, Steve Danyew has established himself as a successful composer of wind music. Danyew has produced a surprisingly large amount of significant works for various music ensembles in a relatively short span of time. Danyew’s compositions for winds are some of his most frequently performed for any medium. Three of Danyew’s compositions for winds stand out as artistically significant, namely Lauda, Alcott Songs, and Magnolia Star. One of his first compositions for wind band, Lauda, is an award-winning work that has been performed by noteworthy ensembles throughout the country. Lauda displays Danyew’s ability to manipulate and expand on simple musical ideas, as the entire piece is developed from a few basic themes. Alcott Songs adds some diversity to Danyew’s body of work as a song cycle for chamber winds and solo soprano. The text for these songs comes from poems written by Louisa May Alcott. Danyew shows a remarkable ability to connect text and music through descriptive wind parts and frequent text painting. Magnolia Star has become Danyew’s most performed composition for winds and is inspired by both the C blues scale and the American railroad. Because of the railroad’s important role in disseminating jazz from the American south to the north, Danyew uses train sounds as a major theme in Magnolia Star, which employs, almost exclusively, notes from the C blues scale. This study provides background information and explores the inspirations and influences behind each of these three pieces. Following the introductory material, a melodic, harmonic, and formal analysis of each composition is presented, discussing the artistry and skill displayed by Danyew in each work. The author wishes to exhibit the musical value of Danyew’s compositions, demonstrating the significance of Danyew’s music in the recent history of music for winds

Comparison between hybrid and fully kinetic models of asymmetric magnetic reconnection: coplanar and guide field configurations

Magnetic reconnection occurring in collisionless environments is a multi-scale process involving both ion and electron kinetic processes. Because of their small mass, the electron scales are difficult to resolve in numerical and satellite data, it is therefore critical to know whether the overall evolution of the reconnection process is influenced by the kinetic nature of the electrons, or is unchanged when assuming a simpler, fluid, electron model. This paper investigate this issue in the general context of an asymmetric current sheet, where both the magnetic field amplitude and the density vary through the discontinuity. A comparison is made between fully kinetic and hybrid kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection in coplanar and guide field systems. The models share the initial condition but differ in their electron modeling. It is found that the overall evolution of the system, including the reconnection rate, is very similar between both models. The best agreement is found in the guide field system, which confines particle better than the coplanar one, where the locality of the moments is violated by the electron bounce motion. It is also shown that, contrary to the common understanding, reconnection is much faster in the guide field system than in the coplanar one. Both models show this tendency, indicating that the phenomenon is driven by ion kinetic effects and not electron ones.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted in Physics of Plasma

Prevalence of secondary care multimorbidity in mid-life and its association with premature mortality in a large longitudinal cohort study

Objectives Multimorbidity is the coexistence of two or more health conditions in an individual. Multimorbidity in younger adults is increasingly recognised as an important challenge. We assessed the prevalence of secondary care multimorbidity in mid-life and its association with premature mortality over 15 years of follow-up, in the Aberdeen Children of the 1950s (ACONF) cohort. Method A prospective cohort study using linked electronic health and mortality records. Scottish ACONF participants were linked to their Scottish Morbidity Record hospital episode data and mortality records. Multimorbidity was defined as two or more conditions and was assessed using healthcare records in 2001 when the participants were aged between 45 and 51 years. The association between multimorbidity and mortality over 15 years of follow-up (to ages 60–66 years) was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression. There was also adjustment for key covariates: age, gender, social class at birth, intelligence at age 7, secondary school type, educational attainment, alcohol, smoking, body mass index and adult social class. Results Of 9625 participants (51% males), 3% had multimorbidity. The death rate per 1000 person-years was 28.4 (95% CI 23.2 to 34.8) in those with multimorbidity and 5.7 (95% CI 5.3 to 6.1) in those without. In relation to the reference group of those with no multimorbidity, those with multimorbidity had a mortality HR of 4.5 (95% CI 3.4 to 6.0) over 15 years and this association remained when fully adjusted for the covariates (HR 2.5 (95% CI 1.5 to 4.0)). Conclusion Multimorbidity prevalence was 3% in mid-life when measured using secondary care administrative data. Multimorbidity in mid-life was associated with premature mortality

Two New Candidate Planets in Eccentric Orbits

Doppler measurements of two G-type main-sequence stars, HD210277 and HD168443, reveal Keplerian variations that imply the presence of companions with masses (M sin i) of 1.28 and 5.04 M_Jup and orbital periods of 437 d and 58 d, respectively. The orbits have large eccentricities of e=0.45 and e=0.54, respectively. All 9 known extrasolar planet candidates with a=0.2-2.5 AU have orbital eccentricities greater than 0.1, higher than that of Jupiter (e=0.05). Eccentric orbits may result from gravitational perturbations imposed by other orbiting planets or stars, by passing stars in the dense star-forming cluster, or by the protoplanetary disk. Based on published studies and our near-IR adaptive optics images, HD210277 appears to be a single star. However, HD168443 exhibits a long-term velocity trend consistent with a close stellar companion, as yet undetected directly.Comment: AASTeX, 31 pages including 10 Postscript figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal (July 1999