COOLCROWD – en veiledning for lokal folkefinansiering av klimatiltak i landbruket

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Sirkulære byggeklosser : hvordan få en sirkulær bygningssektor i havn? : en scenarioanalyse av byggevarestrømmer gjennom Oslo Havn

Every year, almost half of the world’s extracted resources goes into constructing new buildings, tying up vast amounts of stone, minerals and metals for decades to come. The construction industry is responsible for more than one-third of global emissions. Meanwhile, the world’s building stock is expected to more than double by 2050. Therefore, over the next decade, more attention must be given to cities’ material intensity and their indirect emissions. This paper suggests using the Circular Economy as a paradigm for this transition and illustrates current policy dilemmas through the case of Oslo. The thesis investigates this transition in construction and identifies utilising material repurposing facilities linked to the seaborne trade-system to increase the circulation of Oslo’s construction material flows. In a circularity scenario analysis for 20202030, where new regulations such as stricter recycling and waste disposal regulations are introduced, waste generation from the construction of new dwellings is found to almost halve, resulting in a radical shift in current waste streams outbound. Raw material demand from Oslo’s construction sector is reduced by one-third, even as construction activity increases. Meanwhile, the proportion of construction-material residues available for reuse will remain stable as more materials are recovered. Therefore, the demand for waste treatment and re-distribution increases proportionally, requiring transport of materials at end-of-life. In a regionally integrated value cycle, port terminals can enable seamless transmission of materials across the chain, where materials are recovered and exchanged continuously, and facilitate for regenerative use of natural resources essential for building our future.Mer en halvparten av alle materialer vi utvinner årlig går til konstruksjon av nye bygg, som binder opp store mengder naturressurser som sand, mineraler og metaller i flere tiår. Bygningssektoren står for mer enn en-tredjedel av globale drivhusgassutslipp. Når den globale bygningsmassen forventes nært tre-dobles innen 2050, for å nå internasjonale klimamålsetninger så må en større oppmerksomhet rettes mot byers materialforbruk og indirekte utslipp. Denne studien peker på Sirkulærøkonomien som en mulig løsning på mellom-lang og lang sikt, hvor materialverdien bevares ved å sirkulere dem i lukkede kretser, og illustrerer nåværende dilemmaer for beslutningstakere en case studie av Oslo. Avhandlingen undersøker overgangen til en sirkulær økonomi i bygningsbransjen og identifiserer et potensiale for å øke sirkulasjonen av byggevarer gjennom å utnytte sjø-nære gjenvinningsterminaler En scenario analyse for 2020-2030 finner at, i et scenario der strenge krav til materialgjenvinning og forbud mot deponi innføres, vil avfall fra nybygg nært halveres, noe som kan føre til en drastisk endring av nåværende avfallsstrømmer gjennom byen. Etterspørsel etter råmaterialer fra bygningsbransjen reduseres likedan med tilnærmet en-tredjedel, selv hvis byggeaktiviteten forblir høy. Likevel forventes tilgangen til gjenbrukbare masser å holdes stabil, grunnet økt grad av gjenvinning. Dette medfører en økt etterspørsel av avfallshåndteringsløsninger som viderefører brukte materialer til neste ledd i materialkjeden. I en regionalt integrert verdikjede kan havneterminaler knytte bygningsmaterialer til skipstrafikkenen og sømløst fordele gjenbrukbare materialer på tvers av kjeden og føre til en større gjenbruk av våre essensielle naturressurser mens vi bygger ut fremtidens boligbehov.submittedVersionM-IE

Circular bricks : getting the circular construction industry to shore : a scenario analysis of building material streams through the Port of Oslo

Every year, almost half of the world’s extracted resources goes into constructing new buildings, tying up vast amounts of stone, minerals and metals for decades to come. The construction industry is responsible for more than one-third of global emissions. Meanwhile, the world’s building stock is expected to more than double by 2050. Therefore, over the next decade, more attention must be given to cities’ material intensity and their indirect emissions. This paper suggests using the Circular Economy as a paradigm for this transition and illustrates current policy dilemmas through the case of Oslo. The thesis investigates this transition in construction and identifies utilising material repurposing facilities linked to the seaborne trade-system to increase the circulation of Oslo’s construction material flows. In a circularity scenario analysis for 20202030, where new regulations such as stricter recycling and waste disposal regulations are introduced, waste generation from the construction of new dwellings is found to almost halve, resulting in a radical shift in current waste streams outbound. Raw material demand from Oslo’s construction sector is reduced by one-third, even as construction activity increases. Meanwhile, the proportion of construction-material residues available for reuse will remain stable as more materials are recovered. Therefore, the demand for waste treatment and re-distribution increases proportionally, requiring transport of materials at end-of-life. In a regionally integrated value cycle, port terminals can enable seamless transmission of materials across the chain, where materials are recovered and exchanged continuously, and facilitate for regenerative use of natural resources essential for building our future

Willingness to Pay for Crowdfunding Local Agricultural Climate Solutions

The recent rise in climate concern among citizens worldwide is coinciding with a rising interest in agricultural climate solutions. The future scaling-up of these solutions, however, requires more knowledge about the mitigation potential, costs and financing options, including crowdfunding (CF). Our objective is to explore the driving factors behind the public’s willingness to pay for crowdfunded climate mitigation projects at the farm level. In this study, four mitigation options from the perspective of farmers were identified: solar panels on the barn roof, biogas from animal manure, drag hoses for improved manure dispersal, and the addition of biochar to soils. The study investigates the optimal characteristics of crowdfunding campaigns to finance such mitigation measures. The most influential factors on the respondents’ WTP is neither climate concern nor proximity, but instead the knowledge regarding CF, combined with how comprehensible and salient the suggested measure is. The main implications are that future projects that aim to achieve broad participation in CF campaigns need to communicate well, to improve both public knowledge of the funding mechanism (CF) itself and the comprehensibility and salience of the agricultural measu

COOLCROWD – en veiledning for lokal folkefinansiering av klimatiltak i landbruket

Rapporten retter seg mot personer, organisasjoner eller bedrifter, som kan kommersialisere og implementere forskningsfunnene. Målgruppen er bred og omfatter blant annet landbruksorganisasjoner, banker, folkefinansieringplattformer, og reiseselskap. Rapporten inneholder en oppsummering av utvikling og design av konseptet COOLCROWD for implementeringen i det norske samfunnet