Design of reinforced concrete frame structure of exhibition hall

Import 23/08/2017Předmětem bakalářské práce je železobetonová dvoupatrová rámová konstrukce, která má sloužit pro občanskou vybavenost jako výstavní síň. Cílem je navrhnout a posoudit nosné prvky rámové konstrukce, konstrukce schodiště a stropů a založení na základových patkách podle metody mezních stavů, platných norem a konstrukčních zásad. Pro posouzené prvky byly vypracovány výkresy výztuže a stavební výkresy.The subject of Bachelor thesis is two storey reinforced concrete frame structure, which has to serve for civil amenitied as exhibition hall. The aim is to design and assess the support elements of frame structure, the structure of staircase and the ceilings and the foundation on foundation plinths according to the method of limit states, applicable standards and design principles. For assess elements have been created reinforcement drawings and constuction drawings.221 - Katedra konstrukcívýborn

Inhibitory effects of sub-MICs of baicalin on the production of QS-regulated extracellular virulence factors in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> PAO1 culture supernatants.

<p>Virulence factor activity, including LasA protease (A), LasB elastase (B), pyocyanin (C), and rhamnolipid activities (D), was analyzed. Error bars indicate the standard deviations of three measurements. ^**<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the untreated control group. ^$$<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the same concentration of baicalin alone.</p

Effects of baicalin on the survival of <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i> infected with <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1.

<p>(<b>A</b>). Kaplan-Meier survival curve of <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa-</i>infected <i>C</i>. <i>elegans</i>. (<b>B</b>). Colony counts of <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 recovered from worms fed untreated and 256 μg/mL baicalin-treated <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i>. After 24 h, the nematodes were washed to remove bacteria from the integument and ruptured to recover bacteria from the digestive tracts. Bacterial loads were determined by plating on the appropriate selective medium and counting colonies. Data were obtained from three experiments.</p

Baicalin as a co-treatment in combination with three conventional antibiotics to treat 24-h <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilms.

<p>(A) <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilm mass and bacterial counts were quantified after treating pre-existing 24-h biofilms with levofloxacin (1 μg/mL), tobramycin (8 μg/mL) and ceftazidime (2 μg/mL) alone or in combination with various sub-MICs (64, 128, and 256 μg/mL) of baicalin for 24 h. (B) Biofilms were exposed to baicalin (256 μg/mL), levofloxacin (1 μg/mL), tobramycin (8 μg/mL), ceftazidime (2 μg/mL) or a baicalin/antibiotic mixture for 6, 12 and 24 h, and changes in biofilm mass formation and bacterial counts were monitored over time. Experiments were performed in triplicate, and values represent the mean ± standard deviation. *<i>P</i><0.05 and ^**<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the vehicle control group. (C) Images show 24-h biofilms observed by SEM (10,000× magnification). (D) Three-dimensional reconstructions of 24-h <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilms after staining with the LIVE/DEAD viability kit were created using CLSM (200× magnification).</p

Cytokine levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in fluid obtained by flushing the peritoneal cavities of mice treated with either baicalin or vehicle, measured by ELISA.

<p>The data show the average values of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. Values are the mean ± standard error. ^&<i>P</i><0.05 and ^&&<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the vehicle control group, **<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the group in which the implant was pre-colonized with <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 but no baicalin was administered.</p

Effects of baicalin on PEA production detected by western blotting.

<p>Top image: Western blot analysis of PEA in the control group and in groups treated with sub-MICs of baicalin (64, 128, and 256 μg/mL) for 24 h. Bottom image: band intensity quantitation based on densitometry. ^**<i>P</i><0.01 versus the control group. Data are shown as the average of three experiments.</p

Baicalin as a co-treatment in combination with three conventional antibiotics to treat 96-h <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilms.

<p>(A) <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilm mass and bacterial counts were quantified after treating pre-existing 96-h biofilms with sub-MIC (256 μg/mL) of baicalin for another 24 h. Experiments were performed in triplicate, and values represent the mean ± standard deviation. ^**<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the vehicle control group. (B) Images show 96-h biofilms observed by SEM (10000× magnification). (C) Three-dimensional reconstructions of 96-h <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilms were created using CLSM (200× magnification).</p

Relative expression levels of QS-regulated genes in the presence of sub-MICs of baicalin (64, 128, and 256 μg/mL) as determined by real-time quantitative PCR.

<p><i>*P</i><0.05 and <i>**P</i><0.01 versus the untreated control. Error bars indicate the standard deviation of three parallel measurements.</p

Inhibitory effects of baicalin on <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 biofilm formation.

<p>In the dose-dependent analysis (<b>A</b>), bacterial suspensions were seeded in 96-well flat-bottomed polystyrene microtiter plates exposed to sub-MICs of baicalin (16, 32, 64, 128, and 256 μg/mL) for 24 h, and biofilm mass formation and bacterial counts were quantified in triplicate. Values represent the mean ± standard deviation. *<i>P</i><0.05 and ^**<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the control group. In the time-dependent analysis (<b>B</b>), biofilm mass formation and bacterial counts were monitored after exposing biofilms to sub-MICs (64, 128, and 256 μg/mL) of baicalin for 6, 12, 24 or 96 h. Biofilm architecture after 24 h and 96 h of baicalin inhibition was examined by fluorescence microscopy (200× magnification) (<b>C</b>) and SEM (10,000× magnification) (<b>D</b>).</p

Effects of baicalin on <i>P</i>. <i>aeruginosa</i> PAO1 motility.

<p>Three motility assays were conducted on Plates Containing Different Concentrations of Agar in the Absence of Baicalin (Untreated Control) or Containing 256 μg/mL Baicalin. (A) Swimming, (B) swarming, and (C) twitching motility diameters were measured using a caliper. The data represent the average values from three independent experiments performed in duplicate. Values are the mean ± standard deviation. *<i>P</i><0.05 and **<i>P</i><0.01 compared with the untreated control group.</p