Counterion Effects on Nano-confined Metal-Drug-DNA Complexes

We have explored morphology of DNA molecules bound with Cu-complexes of piroxicam molecules, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), under one-dimensional confinement of thin films and have studied the effect of counterions present in a buffer. X-ray reflectivity at and away from the Cu K absorption edge and atomic force microscopy studies reveal that confinement segregates the drug molecules preferentially in a top layer of the DNA film, and counterions enhance this segregation

A UNIQUE CASE OF BILATERAL VOCAL FOLD PARALYSIS FOLLOWING SPINAL ANAESTHESIA

Cranial nerve palsies are potential but rare complications of spinal anaesthesia. Most of the literatures support upper cranial nerve palsies like VI, IV and III cranial nerve palsies. Intrathecal hypotension resulting in tractional injury of the cranial nerves is the likely mechanism of injury. As on date, some cases of unilateral vocal fold paralysis and very little bilateral vocal fold paralysis have been described in case reports. We have described a patient who developed hoarseness and dysphagia 7 days after receiving spinal anaesthesia for fixation of inter-trochanteric fracture femur. The patient was diagnosed with bilateral vocal fold paralysis. He was managed conservatively and exhibited complete spontaneous recovery as has been described in the previously reported cases. Any patient presenting with idiopathic vocal fold paralysis should be enquired about the history of spinal or epidural anaesthesia. If the history is affirmative, then it points towards transient intrathecal hypotension as a potential etiology of the cranial nerve palsy

Effect of Nasya Karma in the Management of Avabahuka - A Case Study

Ayurveda is the traditional medical science of India. Vata aggravated brings about contractions of the Siras (nerves) of the Arm and produce the disease Avabahuka (Frozen Shoulder) then occurs Pain & loss of movement of the arm. Avabahuka is a disease that causes problems in daily activities of an individual like dressing, eating, personal hygiene and work. Shoulder joint is the most mobile joint in the body. Clinical presentation and pathogenesis of Avabahuka It Can be correlated with Frozen Shoulder. In classics, Nasya is indicated for Avabahuka. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Nasya karma on Avabahuka. Method: In our Panchakarma OPD 55 years old male patient came with chronic pain in both shoulders joint. Patient was unable to movement both hand & he was Unable to carry out daily activities. Patient was taken 15 days Panchakarma therapy, After Snehana Nadi Swedana Nasya karma was done by Anu Tailam. Result: After 15 days of treatment there was marked relief of the symptoms like Pain, Stiffness etc. Conclusion: The therapies were found significantly effective and clinically safe and no adverse reactions were reported during the treatment period

Periodicities in the roughness and biofilm growth on glass substrate with etching time: Hydrofluoric acid etchant.

Adherence of the microorganism to submerged solid surfaces leads to biofilm formation. Biofilm formation modifies the surfaces in favor of bacteria facilitating the survival of the bacteria under different stressed conditions. On the other hand, the formation of biofilm has a direct adverse economic impact in various industries and more importantly in medical practices. This adherence is the reason for the failure of many indwelling medical devices. Surface biofilm adhesion is the key to biofilm growth and stability. Hence this adhesion needs to be substantially lowered to inhibit biofilm stability. Both chemical and physical properties of the surface influence biofilm formation and modulating these properties can control this formation. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Hydrofluoric acid (HF), at a specific concentration as an etchant, on the surface morphology of substrates and the growth of biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. and Staphylococcus aureus. We find that the bacterial counts on the etched surfaces undergo a periodic increase and decrease. This, on one hand, shows the close correlation between the biofilm growth and the particular roughness scale, and on the other hand, explains the existing contradictory results regarding the effects of etching on substrate roughness and biofilm growth. We propose a simple model of a sequence of hole formation, hole expansion and etching away of the hole walls to form a new, comparatively smooth surface, coupled with the preferential accumulation of bacteria at the hole edges, to explain these periodicities

Kinetics of dispersion of nanoparticles in thin polymer films at high temperature

We report the first detailed study of the kinetics of dispersion of nanoparticles in thin polymer films using temperature dependent in situ X-ray scattering measurements. We show a comparably enhanced dispersion at higher temperatures for systems which are otherwise phase segregated at room temperature. Detailed analysis of the time dependent X-ray reflectivity and diffuse scattering data allows us to explore the out-of-plane and in-plane mobility of the nanoparticles in the polymer films. While the out-of-plane motion is diffusive with a diffusion coefficient almost two orders of magnitude lower than that expected in bulk polymer, the in-plane one is found to be super-diffusive resulting in significantly larger in-plane displacement at similar time scales. We discuss the origin of the observed highly anisotropic motion of nanoparticles due to their slaved motion with respect to the anisotropic chain orientation and consequent diffusivity anisotropy of matrix chains. We also suggest strategies to utilize these observations to kinetically improve dispersion in otherwise thermodynamically segregated polymer nanocomposite films

Periodicities in the roughness and biofilm growth on glass substrate with etching time: Hydrofluoric acid etchant

Adherence of the microorganism to submerged solid surfaces leads to biofilm formation. Biofilm formation modifies the surfaces in favor of bacteria facilitating the survival of the bacteria under different stressed conditions. On the other hand, the formation of biofilm has a direct adverse economic impact in various industries and more importantly in medical practices. This adherence is the reason for the failure of many indwelling medical devices. Surface biofilm adhesion is the key to biofilm growth and stability. Hence this adhesion needs to be substantially lowered to inhibit biofilm stability. Both chemical and physical properties of the surface influence biofilm formation and modulating these properties can control this formation. In this study, we have investigated the effect of Hydrofluoric acid (HF), at a specific concentration as an etchant, on the surface morphology of substrates and the growth of biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. and Staphylococcus aureus. We find that the bacterial counts on the etched surfaces undergo a periodic increase and decrease. This, on one hand, shows the close correlation between the biofilm growth and the particular roughness scale, and on the other hand, explains the existing contradictory results regarding the effects of etching on substrate roughness and biofilm growth. We propose a simple model of a sequence of hole formation, hole expansion and etching away of the hole walls to form a new, comparatively smooth surface, coupled with the preferential accumulation of bacteria at the hole edges, to explain these periodicities

Partial Invasive Molar Pregnancy –2 Case Reports

Gestational trophoblastic disease encompasses several entities like complete mole , partial mole , invasive mole , gestational trophoblastic carcinoma and trophoblastic carcinoma from implantation site . These entities are different from each other by their origins , morphology , their evolution and their treatment. Among all components partial mole is very common (90%) and triploid genetically. This is one of the important causative factors of miscarriages. Very rarely (2-4%) partial mole can develop into invasive one presenting with features of incomplete abortion , missed abortion and sometimes as obstetric emergencies like intra peritoneal hemorrhage and torrential vaginal bleeding .So proper diagnosis and timely intervention can prevent mortality and reduce morbidity of the patients. Here we report two such cases of partial invasive molar pregnancies with varied picture