Évolutions récentes de la structure des placements des assureurs.

L’analyse des portefeuilles des assureurs en 2009 confirme leur forte diversification géographique, avec une prépondérance des titres d’émetteurs de la zone euro, ainsi que l’allongement de leurs placements obligataires en réponse aux évolutions de la courbe des taux.organismes d’assurance, assureurs vie, assureurs vie-mixte, assureurs non-vie, provisions techniques, contrats en euros, contrats en unités de compte, placements financiers, mise en transparence, épargne des ménages, circuits de financement, titres de créance, obligations, actions.

La destination finale des placements financiers des ménages français.

Les ménages français ont modifié la structure de leurs portefeuilles au cours des quinze dernières années au profit des contrats d’assurance-vie. Ils investissent une part croissante de leur épargne à l’étranger, via les intermédiaires financiers.Ménages, patrimoine financier, épargne, intermédiation, dépôts, crédits, titres de créance, valeurs mobilières, actions, OPCVM, sociétés d’assurance, profondeur financière, bases de détention de titres.

Les placements des organismes d’assurance à fin 2010.

L’analyse de la composition des portefeuilles des assureurs à fin 2010 révèle l’amorce d’un recentrage de leurs positions vers les titres émis par des signatures résidentes ainsi qu’un allongement de la durée moyenne de leurs placements obligataires.organismes d’assurance, assureurs vie, assureurs vie-mixte, assureurs non-vie, provisions techniques, contrats en euros, contrats en unités de compte, placements financiers, mise en transparence, épargne des ménages, circuits de financement, titres de créance, obligations, actions.

Les comportements patrimoniaux des ménages en France : évolutions et déterminants entre 2004 et 2010.

À la lumière des informations issues des enquêtes Patrimoine 2004 et 2010 de l’INSEE et des évaluations des comptes nationaux financiers établis par la Banque de France, l’article propose une première analyse des ajustements patrimoniaux des ménages français depuis 2007.épargne, ménages, portefeuilles, immobilier, risques.

Towards a comprehensive characterization of durum wheat landraces in Moroccan traditional agrosystems: analysing genetic diversity in the light of geography, farmers’ taxonomy and tetraploid wheat domestication history

Background: Crop diversity managed by smallholder farmers in traditional agrosystems is the outcome of historical and current processes interacting at various spatial scales, and influenced by factors such as farming practices and environmental pressures. Only recently have studies started to consider the complexity of these processes instead of simply describing diversity for breeding purposes. A first step in that aim is to add multiple references to the collection of genetic data, including the farmers' varietal taxonomy and practices and the historical background of the crop. Results: On the basis of interview data collected in a previous study, we sampled 166 populations of durum wheat varieties in two traditional Moroccan agrosystems, in the Pre-Rif and Atlas Mountains regions. Using a common garden experiment, we detected a high phenotypic variability on traits indicative of taxonomical position and breeding status, namely spike shape and plant height. Populations often combined modern (short) with traditional-like (tall) statures, and classical durum squared spike shape (5 flowers/spikelet) with flat spike shape (3 flowers/spikelet) representative of primitive domesticated tetraploid wheat (ssp. dicoccum). By contrast, the genetic diversity assessed using 14 microsatellite markers was relatively limited. When compared to the genetic diversity found in a large collection of tetraploid wheat, it corresponded to free-threshing tetraploid wheat. Within Morocco, the two studied regions differed for both genetic diversity and variety names. Within regions, neither geography nor variety names nor even breeding status constituted strong barriers to gene exchange despite a few significant patterns. Conclusions: This first assessment of morphological and genetic diversity allowed pointing out some important factors that may have influenced the structure and evolutionary dynamics of durum wheat in Morocco: the significance of variety names, the occurrence of mixtures within populations, the relative strength of seed exchange between farmers and local adaptation, as well as the fate of modern varieties once they have been introduced. Further, multidisciplinary studies at different spatial scales are needed to better understand these complex agrosystems of invaluable importance for food security

LA MODIFICATION DE MICHEL BUTOR, UNE AUTRE MANIÈRE D’UTILISER LE VERBE

L’article essaie d’approcher La Modification de Michel Butor, en démontrant cette nouvelle manière d’utiliser le verbe, pour impliquer le lecteur dans l’acte de lire

Turbulent thermal diffusion in a multi-fan turbulence generator with the imposed mean temperature gradient

We studied experimentally the effect of turbulent thermal diffusion in a multi-fan turbulence generator which produces a nearly homogeneous and isotropic flow with a small mean velocity. Using Particle Image Velocimetry and Image Processing techniques we showed that in a turbulent flow with an imposed mean vertical temperature gradient (stably stratified flow) particles accumulate in the regions with the mean temperature minimum. These experiments detected the effect of turbulent thermal diffusion in a multi-fan turbulence generator for relatively high Reynolds numbers. The experimental results are in compliance with the results of the previous experimental studies of turbulent thermal diffusion in oscillating grids turbulence (Buchholz et al. 2004; Eidelman et al. 2004). We demonstrated that turbulent thermal diffusion is an universal phenomenon. It occurs independently of the method of turbulence generation, and the qualitative behavior of particle spatial distribution in these very different turbulent flows is similar. Competition between turbulent fluxes caused by turbulent thermal diffusion and turbulent diffusion determines the formation of particle inhomogeneities.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure, REVTEX4, Experiments in Fluids, in pres

Role and Expectations of the Private Sector in the Implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in Morocco

This study analyzes the results of a survey of companies in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and cosmetic sectors that are users of genetic resources from Morocco. The objective of the survey is to determine the experience of these local and international companies regarding access, monitoring and use of Morocco's genetic resources under the Nagoya Protocol's access and benefit-sharing (ABS) system, as applied in Morocco. The survey reveals limitations in information sharing and in the efficiency of responses and processing of access requests by the relevant administrations and authorities, as well as the unavailability of practical information for potential users on applicable procedures or temporary measures in force in Morocco. In general, the results point to a poor understanding of the expectations of private operators in the relevant sectors regarding ABS, and a lack of communication and coordination between users of genetic resources and the relevant authorities in Morocco. It is therefore recommended to increase transparency and access to information on access procedures, while developing the capacity of the competent authorities to better understand the sectors using genetic resources, in order to develop measures that are adapted to the operators and that do not hinder the R&D processes. This would facilitate the sustainable use of biodiversity in Morocco, to the benefit of the local population and the state