A clinical study to evaluate the effect of Dashamoola Trivrit Taila Paana in Kashtartava w.s.r. Dysmenorrhoea

Dysmenorrhoea means difficult menstruation but the term is used to mean painful menstruation, but a more practical definition includes cases of painful menstruation of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities.[1] Kashtartava is Pratyama Laxana of various Yonivyapads like - Vatala, Paripluta, Udavartini, Mahayoni, Antarmukhi, Sukimukki and also in Vataja Artava Dhushti, Khsina Artava Dhushuti, Asrgdara that affects approximately 50% of menstruating women. It is common reason for losing time at school or work or for visiting the family doctor. Pain is the biggest problem since the beginning of mankind. Morbid Vata Dosha especially Apana Vata is causative factor of Kashtartava. Drugs which have Vatahara Artava Doshahara properties are beneficial. Considering the morbidity and the complications that are caused by Kashtartava, combination of above herbal preparation has been tried here. Here, in this study Dashmoola Trivrit Taila having property of Shula Prashamana Vatanulomana and Vatashamaka is indicated in the form of Paana

BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID A RARE AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE: A CASE REPORT

Background. Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a rare autoimmune blistering skin disease in the elderly and it is manifested by cutaneous blisters on the skin lesions. The objective was to emphasize the rare case of BP. Methods. A case report of BP in a 58-year-old male patient admitted to a dermatology ward is presented. Results. A 58-year-old male patient with complaints of fluid-filled skin lesions, was examined initially over the trunk, gradually progressed involving B/L upper and lower extremities. Even though the patient was treated with the recommended therapy of corticosteroid (Dexamethasone) along with adjuvant drugs, new skin lesions continued to develop, and the patient’s condition worsened. The Prednisolone was started in place of Dexamethasone on the fifth day of treatment at its higher dose (50mg/day), the Prednisolone proved its efficacy to combat the extensive condition of BP. Conclusions. Bullous pemphigoid is a distressing blistering skin disease. Untreated disease is often fatal because of the susceptibility to infection and fluid-electrolyte disturbances. The mortality of patients with bullous pemphigoid has been significantly reduced with the advent of new therapies and treatment modalities. The treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroids forms the mainstay of treatment along with other adjuvant drugs. In the present case study, the use of Prednisolone has proven its efficacy in the extensive disease state of BP and improved the patient’s quality of life

Lactic acidosis occurrence during exercises in the smoke chamber in a 53-year-old firefighter with no significant medical history

Lactic acidosis is a form of metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap, reduced rate of arterial blood pH under 7.35 mmol/l, and lactic acid concentration over 7 mmol/l. In the literature we can find some descriptions of the cases of lactic acidosis in patients with severe systemic diseases (cancer, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, sepsis, diabetes with cardiovascular disease and after organ transplantations). We present the case of lactic acidosis in a patient with no chronic disease - a firefighter in whom lactic acidosis has developed during standard exercises in the smoke chamber

Influence of Resolution in Irrigated Area Mapping and Area Estimation

The overarching goal of this paper was to determine how irrigated areas change with resolution (or scale) of imagery. Specific objectives investigated were to (a) map irrigated areas using four distinct spatial resolutions (or scales), (b) determine how irrigated areas change with resolutions, and (c) establish the causes of differences in resolution-based irrigated areas. The study was conducted in the very large Krishna River basin (India), which has a high degree of formal contiguous, and informal fragmented irrigated areas. The irrigated areas were mapped using satellite sensor data at four distinct resolutions: (a) NOAA AVHRR Pathfinder 10,000 m, (b) Terra MODIS 500 m, (c) Terra MODIS 250 m, and (d) Landsat ETM+ 30 m. The proportion of irrigated areas relative to Landsat 30 m derived irrigated areas (9.36 million hectares for the Krishna basin) were (a) 95 percent using MODIS 250 m, (b) 93 percent using MODIS 500 m, and (c) 86 percent using AVHRR 10,000 m. In this study, it was found that the precise location of the irrigated areas were better established using finer spatial resolution data. A strong relationship (R2 = 0.74 to 0.95) was observed between irrigated areas determined using various resolutions. This study proved the hypotheses that “the finer the spatial resolution of the sensor used, greater was the irrigated area derived,” since at finer spatial resolutions, fragmented areas are detected better. Accuracies and errors were established consistently for three classes (surface water irrigated, ground water/conjunctive use irrigated, and nonirrigated) across the four resolutions mentioned above. The results showed that the Landsat data provided significantly higher overall accuracies (84 percent) when compared to MODIS 500 m (77 percent), MODIS 250 m (79 percent), and AVHRR 10,000 m (63 percent)

Genetic diversity revealed utility of SSR markers in classifying parental lines and elite genotypes of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

Abstract Genetic diversity among 82 rainy and post-rainy sorghum genotypes from India was studied using a set of 35 SSR markers distributed across all the linkage groups. A total of 198 alleles were recorded with an average of 5.71 per primer pair. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.02 (Xisep 0310) to 0.86 (sb5-206) with a mean of 0.49, indicating high discriminating ability of the SSR markers used. Jaccard's similarity coefficients and cluster analysis revealed substantial diversity among the genotypes. Very high estimate of fixation index (F ST = 0.35, P= 0.001) was obtained when genotypes were structured as rainy and post-rainy season adaptation, and a much higher estimate (F ST = 0.40, P= 0.001) was obtained when the genotypes were classified as varieties, maintainers, restorers and germplasm lines. This indicates strong distinction based on usage groups. Pairwise F ST values based on usage groups corresponded well with the Nei's genetic distances. We were able to distinguish parental lines of hybrids based on their fertility groups, especially lines from rainy season sorghum, using SSR markers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in sorghum demonstrating the utility of SSR markers in classifying lines based on their fertility groups. Our results have significant implications in classifying parental lines into heterotic groups for their use in heterosis breeding. The divergent maintainer and restorer lines identified based on Jaccard's similarity coefficients could serve as effective candidates for hybrid development

Genetic Differences for Iron Absorption Efficiency Related Traits in Groundnut

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is of common occurrence in groundnut growing areas with calcareous, alkaline and black SOils which accounts to one-third of the Indian soils. Groundnut is sensitive to iron deficiency, but shows genotypic differences for iron absorption efficiency (IAE) response. A pot experiment was conducted using five genotypes with varying degree of IAE [ICGV 86031 , A30b (efficient), TG 26 (moderately effiCient), TAG 24, TMV 2 (inefficient)] in normal and deficit Fe soil types to determine underlying mechanisms. They were assessed for IAE related traits like visual chlorotic rating (VCR), SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), chlorophyll (a, b and total) content, active iron (Fe2+) content. and peroxidase activity in initial expanded leaves across five crop growth stages (20, 40, 60, 60, 100 days) and also for productivity traits. Iron absorption efficient groundnut genotypes recorded significantly lower VCR, higher SCMR, higher active iron, chlorophyll (a, b and total) and peroxidase activity across all five crop growth stages compared to inefficient genotypes. Severity of chlorosis was highest at 60 days during which significant negative correlation was observed between VCR and IAE related traits like SCMR, chlorophyll (a, band total) content, active iron content, and peroxidase activity indicating their utility as surrogate traits In screening for IAE in groundnut. IAE related traits showed significant positive association with productivity traits like pod yield, 100 seed weight, number of pods and primary branches. Pod yield reduction due to iron chlorosis in efficlent genotypes was very less compared to inefficient genotypes

Structural correlations between brain magnetic resonance image-derived phenotypes and retinal neuroanatomy

Background and purpose: The eye is a well-established model of brain structure and function, yet region-specific structural correlations between the retina and the brain remain underexplored. Therefore, we aim to explore and describe the relationships between the retinal layer thicknesses and brain magnetic resonance image (MRI)-derived phenotypes in UK Biobank. // Methods: Participants with both quality-controlled optical coherence tomography (OCT) and brain MRI were included in this study. Retinal sublayer thicknesses and total macular thickness were derived from OCT scans. Brain image-derived phenotypes (IDPs) of 153 cortical and subcortical regions were processed from MRI scans. We utilized multivariable linear regression models to examine the association between retinal thickness and brain regional volumes. All analyses were corrected for multiple testing and adjusted for confounders. // Results: Data from 6446 participants were included in this study. We identified significant associations between volumetric brain MRI measures of subregions in the occipital lobe (intracalcarine cortex), parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), cerebellum (lobules VI, VIIb, VIIIa, VIIIb, and IX), and deep brain structures (thalamus, hippocampus, caudate, putamen, pallidum, and accumbens) and the thickness of the innermost retinal sublayers and total macular thickness (all p < 3.3 × 10−5). We did not observe statistically significant associations between brain IDPs and the thickness of the outer retinal sublayers. // Conclusions: Thinner inner and total retinal thicknesses are associated with smaller volumes of specific brain regions. Notably, these relationships extend beyond anatomically established retina–brain connections

Structural correlations between brain magnetic resonance image‐derived phenotypes and retinal neuroanatomy

Background and purpose: The eye is a well‐established model of brain structure and function, yet region‐specific structural correlations between the retina and the brain remain underexplored. Therefore, we aim to explore and describe the relationships between the retinal layer thicknesses and brain magnetic resonance image (MRI)‐derived phenotypes in UK Biobank. Methods: Participants with both quality‐controlled optical coherence tomography (OCT) and brain MRI were included in this study. Retinal sublayer thicknesses and total macular thickness were derived from OCT scans. Brain image‐derived phenotypes (IDPs) of 153 cortical and subcortical regions were processed from MRI scans. We utilized multivariable linear regression models to examine the association between retinal thickness and brain regional volumes. All analyses were corrected for multiple testing and adjusted for confounders. Results: Data from 6446 participants were included in this study. We identified significant associations between volumetric brain MRI measures of subregions in the occipital lobe (intracalcarine cortex), parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus), cerebellum (lobules VI, VIIb, VIIIa, VIIIb, and IX), and deep brain structures (thalamus, hippocampus, caudate, putamen, pallidum, and accumbens) and the thickness of the innermost retinal sublayers and total macular thickness (all p < 3.3 × 10−5). We did not observe statistically significant associations between brain IDPs and the thickness of the outer retinal sublayers. Conclusions: Thinner inner and total retinal thicknesses are associated with smaller volumes of specific brain regions. Notably, these relationships extend beyond anatomically established retina–brain connections