Limit versus full creep-feeding of a high protein supplement to calves grazing late summer bluestem

Limit creep-feeding a 36% protein supplement (avg. salt concentration = 7.9%) was compared with unlimited consumption of the same supplement without salt (full creep-feeding) and with no supplementation. Average daily gain of steer calves was increased (P≤.06) by.19 (limit creep-feeding) and .38 (full creep-feeding) lb per day compared with non-supplemented calves. Average daily gain of heifer calves was not increased by creep feeding. Efficiency with which creep was converted to extra gain was poor for both limit and full creep-feeding groups. Little difference was observed in postweaning average daily gains; however, the calves given ad libitum access to creep feed tended (P=.12) to have greater daily gains (1.9 lbs) than non creep-feeding calves (1.6 lbs). Limit creep-fed calves had average daily gains of 1.7 lbs. Feed conversion during the post-weaning period was slightly improved (P=.09) in calves that had been given ad libitum access to creep feed

Aspectos alimentares e de criação de Bradysia hygida Sauaia & Alves (Diptera, Sciaridae) em laboratório Aspects on alimentation and rearing of Bradysia hygida Sauaia & Alves (Diptera, Sciaridae) in laboratory

<abstract language="eng">In nature, the Sciaridae live in moist and shady places, where exists vegetable material in decomposition. It is very dificult to determine the proper Sciaridae's alimentary habit and then, it is dificult, also, to rear Sciaridae species in laboratory. To improvement the Bradysia hygida rearing, the objectives of this research were to analyse the nutritive value of mucuna bean foliage for the larves, to verify the role of the ground (as larvae substrate and in diet composition) and also to verify the possibility of ground substituition by another kind of substrate. Two kinds of sand were employed in the place of the ground and three diets, free of ground, were prepared. The parameters analysed were: duration of the life cicle, porcentage of emergence, egg production by female and adult size. The results showed that the mucuna bean foliage have a good nutritive value for B. hygida rearing; the ground, as substrate, can be substituted by any of the sands and the ground, in the diet, is also dispensable. The alimentary habits of Sciaridae is discussed