COMPACT – A Reclamation Soil Compaction Model Part II. Sensitivity Analysis and Applications

COMPACT, a physically based, event-oriented compaction model, was developed as a management or research tool to evaluate the influence of a surface mining system on compaction of soil material during reclamation. Two systems of area mining reclamation operations were simulated by COMPACT. The first system involved scrapers and bulldozers and the second also included trucks. Scrapers or trucks were used to pick up and deposit the soil material. Bulldozers were then used to shape the site for reclamation. The simulated results were compared with measured results and show how equipment patterns and soil parameters can affect overall soil compaction. This simulation model allows equipment, soil material, and operational parameters to be changed easily so managers and researchers can understand the soil compaction processes at surface mine sites

COMPACT – A Reclamation Soil Compaction Model Part I. Model Development

A physically based, event oriented soil compaction model, known as COMPACT, was developed as a management or research tool to evaluate the effect of surface mining systems on compaction of soil material during reclamation. Simulation of compaction throughout the soil profile at a surface mining reclamation site requires information describing how equipment moves on the site. The compaction processes that are caused by vehicles throughout the soil profile are described by applying the pressure distribution of the surface contact area of a tire or track to determine stresses in the soil profile. A virgin compression curve is then used to determine bulk density at any point within the soil profile. COMPACT predicts compaction of reconstructed patterns, type of vehicles, and type of soil material. Development of the simulation model is described in this article

Modeling Agricultural Sheet, Rill and Ephemeral Gully Erosion

Mini-Symposium: Modeling Methodology for Agricultural Researc

Simulation of Burley Tobacco Harvesting-Housing Systems

A computer model has been developed using systems analysis techniques to simulate the labor and equipment aspects of harvesting burley tobacco. By varying the parameters of the model the user can determine a harvesting and housing strategy based on labor and equipment availability

Watershed Runoff and Sediment Transport Impacts from Management Decisions Using Integrated AnnAGNPS and CCHE1D Models

Mini-Symposium: Modeling Methodology for Agricultural Researc

Evaluation of AnnAGNPS Model for Runoff Simulation on Watersheds from Glaciated Landscape of USA Midwest and Northeast

Runoff modeling of glaciated watersheds is required to predict runoff for water supply, aquatic ecosystem management and flood prediction, and to deal with questions concerning the impact of climate and land use change on the hydrological system and watershed export of contaminants of glaciated watersheds. A widely used pollutant loading model, Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution (AnnAGNPS) was applied to simulate runoff from three watersheds in glaciated geomorphic settings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability of the AnnAGNPS model in glaciated landscapes for the prediction of runoff volume. The study area included Sugar Creek watershed, Indiana; Fall Creek watershed, New York; and Pawcatuck River watershed, Rhode Island, USA. The AnnAGNPS model was developed, calibrated and validated for runoff estimation for these watersheds. The daily and monthly calibration and validation statistics (NSE \u3e 0.50 and RSR \u3c 0.70, and PBIAS ± 25%) of the developed model were satisfactory for runoff simulation for all the studied watersheds. Once AnnAGNPS successfully simulated runoff, a parameter sensitivity analysis was carried out for runoff simulation in all three watersheds. The output from our hydrological models applied to glaciated areas will provide the capacity to couple edge-of-field hydrologic modeling with the examination of riparian or riverine functions and behaviors

Assessing the Long Term Impact of Phosphorus Fertilization on Phosphorus Loadings Using AnnAGNPS

High phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural fields has been an environmental concern because of potential water quality problems in streams and lakes. To better understand the process of P loss and evaluate the effects of different phosphorus fertilization rates on phosphorus losses, the USDA Annualized AGricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) pollutant loading model was applied to the Ohio Upper Auglaize watershed, located in the southern portion of the Maumee River Basin. In this study, the AnnAGNPS model was calibrated using USGS monitored data; and then the effects of different phosphorus fertilization rates on phosphorus loadings were assessed. It was found that P loadings increase as fertilization rate increases, and long term higher P application would lead to much higher P loadings to the watershed outlet. The P loadings to the watershed outlet have a dramatic change after some time with higher P application rate. This dramatic change of P loading to the watershed outlet indicates that a “critical point” may exist in the soil at which soil P loss to water changes dramatically. Simulations with different initial soil P contents showed that the higher the initial soil P content is, the less time it takes to reach the “critical point” where P loadings to the watershed outlet increases dramatically. More research needs to be done to understand the processes involved in the transfer of P between the various stable, active and labile states in the soil to ensure that the model simulations are accurate. This finding may be useful in setting up future P application and management guidelines

Systems analysis of runoff and sediment yield from a watershed using a simulation model

305 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998.This study involved the selection of a model that will simulate runoff, sediment yield, and channel characteristics such as bed material or cross section changes, from complex, ungaged watersheds containing various crops, soil types, slopes, channel sizes, levels of conservation management and, instream erosion control structures for long term analysis. Temporal and spatial variations of a rainfall event were also considered so the response of the watershed can be accurately modeled. Channel processes were incorporated into a comprehensive model to evaluate the effects of man-made and natural changes to the channel system. Data from the extensively instrumented Goodwin Creek Watershed in northern Mississippi was used to validate the model. The model was then used to simulate the response of the watershed to various conservation and instream erosion control management practices and the effect of these practices on the entire watershed system. The techniques used in the development of the database and modifications of the model can be used for understanding watershed management practices on other watersheds.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Systems analysis of runoff and sediment yield from a watershed using a simulation model

305 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1998.This study involved the selection of a model that will simulate runoff, sediment yield, and channel characteristics such as bed material or cross section changes, from complex, ungaged watersheds containing various crops, soil types, slopes, channel sizes, levels of conservation management and, instream erosion control structures for long term analysis. Temporal and spatial variations of a rainfall event were also considered so the response of the watershed can be accurately modeled. Channel processes were incorporated into a comprehensive model to evaluate the effects of man-made and natural changes to the channel system. Data from the extensively instrumented Goodwin Creek Watershed in northern Mississippi was used to validate the model. The model was then used to simulate the response of the watershed to various conservation and instream erosion control management practices and the effect of these practices on the entire watershed system. The techniques used in the development of the database and modifications of the model can be used for understanding watershed management practices on other watersheds.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD