Nucleons pair shell model in M-scheme

The nucleon pair shell model (NPSM) is casted into the so-called M-scheme for the cases with isospin symmetry and without isospin symmetry. The odd system and even system are treated on the same foot. The uncoupled commutators for nucleon-pairs, which are suitable for M-scheme, are given. Explicit formula of matrix elements in M-scheme for overlap, one-body operators, two-body operators are obtained. It is found that the $cpu$ time used in calculating the matrix elements in M-scheme is much shorter than that in the J-scheme of NPSM.Comment: 38 pages, 2 figure

Ultra-compact lithium niobate photonic chip for high-capacity and energy-efficient wavelength-division-multiplexing transmitters

Recently, high-performance thin-film lithium niobate optical modulators have emerged that, together with advanced multiplexing technologies, are highly expected to satisfy the ever-growing demand for high-capacity optical interconnects utilizing multiple channels. Accordingly, in this study, a compact lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) photonic chip was adopted to establish four-channel wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) transmitters, comprising four optical modulators based on ultracompact 2 × 2 Fabry-Perot cavities and a four-channel WDM filter based on multimode waveguide gratings. The fabricated chip with four wavelength channels has a total footprint as compact as 0.3 × 2.8 mm2, and exhibits an excess loss of ~0.8 dB as well as low inter-channel crosstalk of < –22 dB. Using this LNOI photonic chip, high-capacity data transmissions of 320 Gbps (4 × 80 Gbps) on-off-keying signals and 400 Gbps (4 × 100 Gbps) four-level pulse amplitude signals were successfully realized with the ultra-low power consumption of 11.9 fJ/bit

Inflammatory factors and risk of meningiomas: a bidirectional mendelian-randomization study

BackgroundMeningiomas are one of the most common intracranial tumors, and the current understanding of meningioma pathology is still incomplete. Inflammatory factors play an important role in the pathophysiology of meningioma, but the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and meningioma is still unclear.MethodMendelian randomization (MR) is an effective statistical method for reducing bias based on whole genome sequencing data. It’s a simple but powerful framework, that uses genetics to study aspects of human biology. Modern methods of MR make the process more robust by exploiting the many genetic variants that may exist for a given hypothesis. In this paper, MR is applied to understand the causal relationship between exposure and disease outcome.ResultsThis research presents a comprehensive MR study to study the association of genetic inflammatory cytokines with meningioma. Based on the results of our MR analysis, which examines 41 cytokines in the largest GWAS datasets available, we were able to draw the relatively more reliable conclusion that elevated levels of circulating TNF-β, CXCL1, and lower levels of IL-9 were suggestive associated with a higher risk of meningioma. Moreover, Meningiomas could cause lower levels of interleukin-16 and higher levels of CXCL10 in the blood.ConclusionThese findings suggest that TNF-β, CXCL1, and IL-9 play an important role in the development of meningiomas. Meningiomas also affect the expression of cytokines such as IL-16 and CXCL10. Further studies are needed to determine whether these biomarkers can be used to prevent or treat meningiomas

A microfluidic device integrated with multichamber polymerase chain reaction and multichannel separation for genetic analysis

This work describes a microfluidic device integrated with multichamber polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multichannel separation for parallel genetic analysis. The microdevice consists of three functional units: temperature control, multiple PCR (four chambers PCR), and multiple channel separation (four separation channels, each channel connected to a PCR chamber). Platinum (Pt)/titanium (Ti) microheater was used to ensure homogeneous temperature field, and Pt-chip sensor was used for temperature monitoring. The interface between chip-PCR and chip separation was simplified by connecting the PCR chamber with separation channel directly. After chip-PCR, PCR products were introduced into parallel separation channels for subsequent separation/detection by applying an electric field automatically. This microdevice was successfully applied for detection of pathogens including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and genotyping of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 as well, demonstrating the feasibility of the integrated microdevice for parallel genetic analysis. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Nucleon-Pair Shell Model within a Symmetry Broken Basis

The nucleon-pair shell model (NPSM) within the framework of a broken symmetry basis is studied. The results demonstrate the validity of such a scheme, which in turn leads to a significant reduction in the dimensionality of the multi-pair configuration space. Specifically, in the case of an axially-deformed basis, the results yield a satisfactory description of the low-lying spectrum, even without the need for applying the projection procedure. In the case of a triaxially-deformed basis, the result of variation after angular momentum projection suggest a potential for using the NPSM to find exact solutions in a semi-magic system

Exploring root system architecture and anatomical variability in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings

Abstract Background The growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is significantly hampered by drought and nutrient deficiencies. The identification of root architectural and anatomical characteristics holds paramount importance for the development of alfalfa genotypes with enhanced adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. In this study, we employed a visual rhizobox system to investigate the variability in root system architecture (including root depth, root length, root tips number, etc.), anatomical features (such as cortical traits, total stele area, number and area of vessel, etc.), as well as nitrogen and phosphorus uptake across 53 alfalfa genotypes during the seedling stage. Results Out of the 42 traits measured, 21 root traits, along with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake, displayed higher coefficients of variation (CVs ≥ 0.25) among the tested genotypes. Local root morphological and anatomical traits exhibited more significant variation than global root traits. Twenty-three traits with CVs ≥ 0.25 constituted to six principal components (eigenvalues > 1), collectively accounting for 88.0% of the overall genotypic variation. Traits such as total root length, number of root tips, maximal root depth, and others exhibited positive correlations with shoot dry mass and root dry mass. Additionally, total stele area and xylem vessel area showed positive correlations with N and P uptake. Conclusions These root traits, which have demonstrated associations with biomass and nutrient uptake, may be considered for the breeding of alfalfa genotypes that possess efficient resource absorption and increased adaptability to abiotic stress, following validation during the entire growth period in the field

Additional file 1 of Exploring root system architecture and anatomical variability in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings

Supplementary Material