Outcomes of total knee arthroplasty in arthritis using functional knee score

Background: Knee being a major weight bearing joint, arthritis of the knee is a common problem. Over time various conservative measures have been used to alleviate the arthritic pain, but complete pain relief has rarely been achieved. Total Knee Arthroplasty has an established place in the treatment of knee arthritis and is an effective surgical modality that provides immediate pain relief and enhances quality of life. Though most patients were satisfied by the immediate outcome of the surgery, further detailed interrogation revealed concern and inability to perform activities they previously used to do, thus arising the need for an objective method to measure the true outcome.Methods: There are very few established objective scoring methods to evaluate the outcome following a Total Knee Arthroplasty. In our study, we have used the ‘Functional Knee Score’ for the 30 patients with arthritis who underwent TKA using the midvastus approach under tourniquet cover.Results: The majority of the patients were from the age group of 61-70 years which accounts for 36.7% of patients in our study. The mean functional new knee society score preoperatively was 39.90 standard deviation of 3.055 which improved to 80.77 with standard deviation of 6.263 postoperatively, p<0.001.Conclusions: Using knee society functional score, 10 patients had excellent results, 16 had a good result, 4 patients a had fair result

Boron Doped Graphene Quantum Structure and MoS2 Nanohybrid as Anode Materials for Highly Reversible Lithium Storage

Herein, the boron-doped graphene quantum structure (BGQS), which contains both the advantages of 0-D graphene quantum dot and 2-D reduced graphene oxide, has been fabricated by top-down hydrothermal method and then mixed with molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) to serve as an active electrode material for the enhanced electrochemical performance of lithium ion battery. Results show that 30 wt% of BGQS/MoS2 nanohybrid delivers the superior electrochemical performance in comparison with other BGQS/MoS2 and bare components. A highly reversible capacity of 3,055 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 is achieved for the initial discharge and a high reversible capacity of 1,041 mAh g−1 is obtained at 100 mA g−1 after 50 cycles. The improved electrochemical performance in BGQS/MoS2 nanohybrid is attributed to the well exfoliated MoS2 structures and the presence of BGQS, which can provide the vitally nano-dimensional contact for the enhanced electrochemical performance. Results obtained in this study clearly demonstrate that BGQS/MoS2 is a promising material for lithium ion battery and can open a pathway to fabricate novel 2-D nanosheeted nanocomposites for highly reversible Li storage application

Processing, structure and thermal conductivity correlation in carbon fibre reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites

Al matrix composites reinforced with Cu-coated pitch-based carbon fibres (Al/Cu-CFs) were fabricated, using a novel combination of rheocasting and equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) techniques, in order to exploit the thermal conductivity (K) of the material. Rheocasting allowed the introduction and dispersion of Cu-CFs within the Al3Mg matrix. The subsequent ECAE processing reduced the porosity of the composites from 3 to 0.03% and induced a high degree of fibre alignment within the matrix, although considerable damage to the fibres occurred during this processing step. After 6 ECAE passes, in which the billet orientation remained constant, the composite with the highest degree of fibre alignment show a thermal conductivity (K) improvement of ~20% with respect to the rheocast composite. The improvement is due to porosity reduction, improved fibre alignment and forced intimate contact of clean CF surfaces with the matrix

Processing and characterization of cast aluminium alloy : SiCp composites

Keyword: particulate composite, melt stirring, aluminium alloy, ultrasonic velocity, debonding factor, particle-porosity associationMaster of Engineering (SME

MoS2-MWCNT hybrids as a superior anode in lithium-ion batteries

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrids have been prepared by simple dry grinding. Excellent initial charge capacity (1214 mA h g(-1)) and similar to 85% retention after 60 discharge-charge cycles at different current densities (100-500 mA g(-1)) make MoS2-MWCNT (1 : 1) hybrids a superior anode in Li-ion batteries

Size Effect of Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres for Anodes in Li-Ion Battery

The present work demonstrates the application of various sizes of ordered mesoporous carbon nanospheres (OMCS) with diameters of 46–130 nm as an active anode material for Li-ion batteries (LIB). The physical and chemical properties of OMCS have been evaluated by performing scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 adsorption-desorption analysis; small-angle scattering system (SAXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical analysis of using various sizes of OMCS as anode materials showed high capacity and rate capability with the specific capacity up to 560 mA·h·g−1 at 0.1 C after 85 cycles. In terms of performance at high current rate compared to other amorphous carbonaceous materials; a stable and extremely high specific capacity of 240 mA·h·g−1 at 5 C after 15 cycles was achieved. Such excellent performance is mainly attributed to the suitable particle size distribution of OMCS and intimate contact between OMCS and conductive additives; which can be supported from the TEM images. Results obtained from this study clearly indicate the excellence of size distribution of highly integrated mesoporous structure of carbon nanospheres for LIB application