Synthesis of Quinoline-Fused 1‑Benzazepines through a Mannich-Type Reaction of a C,N-Bisnucleophile Generated from 2‑Aminobenzaldehyde and 2‑Methylindole

Various quinoline-fused 1-benzazepine derivatives were synthesized using the C,N-1,6-bisnucleophile generated in situ from <i>o</i>-aminobenzaldehyde and 2-methylindole through a Mannich-type reaction

Effect of long-term serum sodium levels on the prognosis of patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Abnormal serum Na (SNa) levels are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. There are relatively few studies on the effect of SNa indicators on the prognosis of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). We aim to investigate the effect of long-term SNa levels on the survival and prognosis of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Newly entered HD patients in the registration system of Zhejiang Provincial Dialysis Quality Control Center between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019 were included and followed up until December 31, 2020. Multiple sodium levels were collected from patients, defining long-term SNa as the mean of multiple SNa, according to which patients were grouped, with the prognostic differences between subgroups compared by Kaplan-Meier modeling and multifactorial Cox regression modeling. Finally, a total of 21,701 patients were included in this study and Cox regression showed that decreased SNa levels (Na p p = 0.024) and elevated SNa levels (142.5 p = 0.003; Na > 145mmol/L, HR = 2.150, 95% CI 1.615–2.863, p < 0.001) were all independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in MHD patients.</p

CO₂ and CH₄ Wettabilities of Organic-Rich Shale

CO₂ and CH₄ wettabilities of organic-rich shale are important physicochemical parameters that significantly influence CO₂ sequestration and CH₄ production. However, there is a serious lack of understanding of these aspects because the data available are scarce. Thus, we evaluated organic-rich shale CO₂ and CH₄ wettabilities (i.e., brine/shale/gas systems) through advancing and receding brine contact angle measurements as a function of pressure, temperature, salinity, and ion type (as these can vary significantly in underground formations). The results indicated that the brine contact angles for both CO₂/CH₄–brine–shale systems increased with pressure and salinity, but decreased with temperature. However, these effects were much less significant for CH₄. Furthermore, the brine contact angles for the CO₂–brine–shale system reached 180° (i.e., the shale was completely wetted by CO₂) when the pressure reached 30 MPa at 343 K and ∼9 MPa at 298 K. The brine contact angles for the analogue CH₄ systems was much lower (50°–90°), only indicating weakly water-wet to intermediate-wet conditions. Finally, the brine contact angles for CO₂–brine–shale system were also larger for divalent ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) than for monovalent ions (Na⁺, K⁺), while ion type had no significant influence on CH₄ wettability. However, a similar CO₂/CH₄ density resulted in a similar wettability. Consequently CH₄ could not be used as a proxy for predicting CO₂ storage capacities, unless they have similar densities

Iron-Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reaction of Diynes and Cyanamides at Room Temperature

An iron-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of diynes and cyanamides at room temperature is reported. Highly substituted 2-aminopyridines were obtained in good to excellent yields with high regioselectivity. Insights toward the reaction process were investigated through in situ IR spectra and control experiments. In this iron-catalyzed cycloaddition reaction, the active iron species was generated only in the presence of both alkynes and nitriles. The lower reaction temperature, broad substrates scope, and inversed regioselectivity make it a complementary method to the previously developed iron catalytic system

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Intra- and Intermolecular Alkenylations of β‑Yne-pyrroles: Facile Formation of Fused Cycloheptapyrroles and Functionalized Pyrroles

An efficient gold­(I)-catalyzed alkenylation of β-alkyne-substituted pyrroles is reported. The intramolecular reaction gives straightforward access to different types of seven-membered-ring-fused pyrroles with <i>endo</i>-selectivity, and the intermolecular reaction with alkynes provides functionalized pyrrole derivatives

Effectiveness of Teriparatide on Fracture Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

<div><p>Purpose</p><p>Nowadays, the efficacy of teriparatide in treating osteoporosis was widely accepted, but the discussion about using teriparatide to enhance fracture healing hasn’t come to an agreement. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of teriparatide for fracture healing.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase in August 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which concerned the treatment of teriparatide for fracture healing.</p><p>Results</p><p>Finally, a total of 380 patients were randomly assigned in the 5 trials included in this meta-analysis. There was a significant effectiveness with regards to function improvement in patients following fracture, however, there was no significant effectiveness with regards to time of radiographic fracture healing, fracture healing rate and reduction in pain.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>This analysis showed that administration of teriparatide following fracture lacked the effectiveness for fracture healing. Moreover, teriparatide administration had no apparent adverse effects. These results should be interpreted with caution because of some clear limitations. If we want to confirm whether teriparatide improves fracture healing, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed.</p></div

Detail of intervention.

<p>Detail of intervention.</p

Characteristics of included studies.

<p>Characteristics of included studies.</p

Sensitivity analyses based on various exclusion criteria for functional outcome.

<p>Sensitivity analyses based on various exclusion criteria for functional outcome.</p

Forest plot for radiological fracture functional outcome.

<p>Forest plot for radiological fracture functional outcome.</p