Zeus in Exile: Archaeological Restitution as Politics of Memory

This paper is an analysis of the current debates on the Zeus Altar, not only in terms of its present possession and copyright, but also as a collectively negotiated construct of memory. By investigating the case of the Pergamon Altar, I hope to show the shortcomings of the present literature for and against repatriation, which often treat the archaeological monument as mere cultural goods. A reconsideration of the Zeus Altar as embodiment of collective memory, which is at the heart of political negotiations today, may bring a new perspective to the definitions of cultural property, national patrimony and historical heritage.

Homogeneity and Controlled Deviation: Design Codes as Behavior Codes in California’s Golf Communities.

Located in Southern California\u27s Coachella Valley, this study examines some of the most exclusive golf clubs and their residential desert communities. Particular emphasis in this work is given to the architectural design guidelines of these communities and how they frame the aesthetics of \u27landscapes of privilege\u27 while simultaneously delineating the limits of creativity in custom home building. Based on site documentation, architectural analysis, and interviews, this fieldwork documents the ways design regulations dictate how residents must behave according to, buy in, or challenge the notion of homogeneity within the communities. A deep dive into the elite country clubs of the desert and their larger service and support communities brought to surface the cultural ideal of the \u27good life\u27 that underpins our society. To be in the top one percent has not proven to be a qualifier for complete creative freedom in design for these communities. This begs the question of why is not all privilege the same when it comes to design? Why do landscapes of privilege both conform with and diverge from the norm? And further, who controls homogeneity and deviation in architecture and landscape design

On the Modern Cult of Authenticity: Prolegomena to a Study of Berlin’s Pergamon Museum

The main concern of this essay is to sketch out a theoretical framework for a study of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin (conceived in 1907 and completed in 1930), Germany’s most ambitious presentation of the Middle Eastern antiquities and a self-acclaimed “museum of ancient architecture.” I am particularly interested in exploring the historical intersections between the German reconstruction of antiquity and the emergence of an international discourse of authenticity in the twentieth century, whose ramifications can be seen in a variety of fields from the disciplinary practices of museology and historic preservation to the popular conceptions of cultural heritage

From scientific framing to architectural reconstruction : the creation of an ideal image at Didyma

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1996.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-79).The incomplete Temple of Didyma appeared in modern times as a constructed image, as an affirmation of the representative Greek temple. By the turn of the century the remains of the classical Didyma were rediscovered, the temple was redrawn and the site was literally and metaphorically "enframed." Reconstruction of the remains of classical antiquity provided beholders with the physical and aesthetic immediacy of a far distant past. Hence, the immediacy and tangibility of reconstructed images helped to differentiate between the world of the "original" configuration of the remains and that of their later existence. Given that the construction of architectural knowledge has rarely been questioned at Didyma, this study inquires into the codification of the remains of antiquity into the domain of the discipline of architecture, which ultimately differentiated the architectural product of a certain "golden age" from the historical processes in which it accumulated its meaning. The 1895-1896 "Beaux Arts" excavations and reconstruction seem to be the most representative example of such a codification. By the end of the 19th century reconstruction drawings represented the "unfinished" temple of Didyma in a complete form that has never been "achieved" in antiquity, while the excavations physically demolished the contemporary village surrounding the temple. Culminating with Hausoullier's and Pontremoli's representations, the reconstruction work metaphorically restarted the building at the point where it was interrupted in the late 4th century AD and transformed it into a finished, framed picture. Therefore, central to this study is a questioning of a 19th century scientific methodology in the uncovering and reassembling of architectural fragments which would ultimately take their place in the construction of an a priori image. But the study equally raises a more general question about the "framing" of the historical sites for "understanding" architecture and how this understanding might obscure the impetus of other historical and contextual concerns. In terms of historical interpretation, we have to clarify that the "modern" temple of Didyma exists today in the way it is represented. Just as the construction of the ideal image of Didyma has its historicity, the interpretation undertaken by this study is also bound by our own temporal world and takes a position vis-a.-vis the Beaux-Arts reconstruction. Beyond the aim of an "objective" reconstruction, this study intends to put the fragments of historical evidence together with later representations. Its aim, in other words, is to contribute to a "fusion" of discourses and interpretations in Western Anatolia. It is an attempt to claim the importance of site-specific concerns as opposed to all-encompassing, culture deterministic theories; an attempt for specificity without closure and inclusiveness without dispersion.by Selami Mesut Can Bilsel.M.S

Metal-Free ALS Variants of Dimeric Human Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Have Enhanced Populations of Monomeric Species

Amino acid replacements at dozens of positions in the dimeric protein human, Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) can cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although it has long been hypothesized that these mutations might enhance the populations of marginally-stable aggregation-prone species responsible for cellular toxicity, there has been little quantitative evidence to support this notion. Perturbations of the folding free energy landscapes of metal-free versions of five ALS-inducing variants, A4V, L38V, G93A, L106V and S134N SOD1, were determined with a global analysis of kinetic and thermodynamic folding data for dimeric and stable monomeric versions of these variants. Utilizing this global analysis approach, the perturbations on the global stability in response to mutation can be partitioned between the monomer folding and association steps, and the effects of mutation on the populations of the folded and unfolded monomeric states can be determined. The 2- to 10-fold increase in the population of the folded monomeric state for A4V, L38V and L106V and the 80- to 480-fold increase in the population of the unfolded monomeric states for all but S134N would dramatically increase their propensity for aggregation through high-order nucleation reactions. The wild-type-like populations of these states for the metal-binding region S134N variant suggest that even wild-type SOD1 may also be prone to aggregation in the absence of metals

Open reduction technique for overlapping and locked pubic symphysis

A locked pubic symphysis can occur following a lateral compression injury of the pelvic ring when one pubic bone becomes entrapped behind the contralateral pubis or obturator foramen, In selecting the treatment modality, it is important to know the mechanism of injury. We presented the use of an open reduction technique in the treatment of a locked pubic symphysis in which open reduction external fixation application failed in the emergency department

Transfer of latissmus dorsi and teres major tendons without subscapularis release for the treatment of obstetrical brachial plexus palsy sequela

Background: Patients with obstetrical brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) sequela exhibit adduction and internal rotation contractures. The muscular imbalance may result in secondary bony changes. Tendon transfers and muscular releases may improve shoulder function in these patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional and radiological results of pectoralis major tendon Z-plasty with transfer of latissimus dorsi and teres major tendons to rotator cuff tendons without release of subscapularis muscle in patients with mild sequela of OBPP

Comparison of three different treatment modalities in the management of humeral shaft nonunions (plates, unilateral, and circular external fixators)

Objectives: To compare 3 different fixation methods for the treatment of humeral shaft nonunions in terms of union time, functional outcome, and complications