IR pumped third-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation in diatomic molecules

The potential efficiency of using nonlinear up-conversion techniques for the high efficiency type lasers (CO,CO2, and chemical) is assessed. Results indicate that: the small pump photon energy necessitates the use of molecular media for conversion if resonance enhancement is to be used and that molecular systems present several problems. These difficulties include: their levels are complex; their transition probabilities are often unknown; and the oscillator strengths among vibrational levels in the ground electronic state of a molecule are much smaller than those among electronic states of an atom, thus limiting the magnitude of nonlinear interactions. It is shown that this problem can be eliminated by making use of vibronic transitions which, being primarily electronic transitions have much larger matrix elements and efficient conversion can be achieved with molecular systems

Thermal tuning of organic dye lasers

Non-mechanical method for tuning liquid laser wavelengths involves electrically varying temperature of laser medium. Technique is used to investigate behavior of laser dyes, and may lead to broad, tunable, light source for spectroscopy measurements of long path absorption

Merger Enforcement Statistics: 2001-2020

This article summarizes merger enforcement data for the period between 2001 and 2020, using a database created by the authors. The database lists the identity and outcome of every transaction that received a second request during this 20-year period. The database also lists the identity and outcome of every challenge to an already-consummated merger during the period. To our knowledge, it is the only complete database for the listing and outcomes of all such transactions. The goal of creating the database is to provide further information on merger enforcement, which hopefully can inform policy and spur additional analysis. We describe the data and various results, both in aggregate and across Presidential Administrations. These include rates of second request, challenges, consent decrees, abandonments and trial outcomes. We also provide a complete listing of all merger challenges

Novel substrates for Helium adsorption: Graphane and Graphene-Fluoride

The discovery of fullerenes has stimulated extensive exploration of the resulting behavior of adsorbed films. Our study addresses the planar substrates graphene-fluoride (GF) and graphane (GH) in comparison to graphene. We present initial results concerning the potential energy, energy bands and low density behavior of 4He and 3He films on such different surfaces. For example, while graphene presents an adsorption potential that is qualitatively similar to that on graphite, GF and GH yield potentials with different symmetry, a number of adsorption sites double that on graphene/graphite and a larger corrugation for the adatom. In the case of GF, the lowest energy band width is similar to that on graphite but the He atom has a significantly larger effective mass and the adsorption energy is about three time that on graphite. Implications concerning the monolayer phase diagram of 4He are explored with the exact path integral ground state method. A commensurate ordered state similar to the sqrt{3} x sqrt{3} R30^o state on graphite is found the be unstable both on GF and on GH. The ground states of submonolayer 4He on both GF and GH are superfluids with a Bose Einstein condensate fraction of about 10%.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, LT26 proceedings, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Serie

Molecular Beams

Contains reports on one research project.Joint Services Electronics Programs (U. S. Army, U. S. Navy, and U. S. Air Force) under Contract DA 36-039-AMC-03200(E

The Ursinus Weekly, May 14, 1956

Results of men\u27s voting announced; Rheiner is prexy • U.C. classes vote for new officers; Results released • Marge and Ruth write open letter of thanks • FTA to hold meeting Tuesday • W.C. group presents vespers • M. W. Armstrong is editor of new book; To be on TV • Awards presented at WAA banquet • Tuesday night set for women\u27s government banquet • Traditional May Day program presented Saturday; Featured pageant, concert, play: Spring play given Thurs., Fri., Sat.; Award is given; UC Band presents concert with the Meistersingers; May Day pageant presented to huge crowd Saturday • Recipients of honorary degrees announced • IRC elects new officers • Winner of silver contest • Tau Kappa Alpha debating society accepts members • Girls\u27 day study election • Pi Nu chooses officers • Student leaders to plan new calendar • Editorial: Less room for more; And a good time was had by all • APO: National service fraternity • Liberal means free • Letters to the editor • Review of Charley\u27s Aunt • SWC has outdoor service; Final vespers to be Sun. • Bruin rackets stop Drexel, PMC • Belles top Garnets for fifth victory • Belles crush CJC; Lose to W. Chester • Cindermen take first victory in romp over Lebanon Valley, 99-26 • Bruins stop Haverford, Drew; Edged in Moravian tilt, 4-2 • Second term finals schedule • Men to pick rooms Mon., Wed., Fri. • Chi Alpha holds electionshttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1452/thumbnail.jp

Effect of age-based and environment-based cues on reproductive investment in Gambusia affinis

We examined the multivariate life-history trajectories of age 0 and age 1 female Gambusia affinis to determine relative effects of age-based and environment-based cues on reproductive investment. Age 0 females decreased reproductive investment prior to the onset of fall and winter months, while age 1 females increased reproductive investment as the summer progressed. The reproductive restraint and terminal investment patterns exhibited by age 0 and age 1 females, respectively, were consistent with the predictions from the cost of reproduction hypothesis. Age 0 females responded to environment-based cues, decreasing reproductive investment to increase the probability of overwinter survival and subsequent reproductive opportunities in the following summer. Age 1 females responded to age-based cues, or the proximity of death, increasing investment to current reproduction as future reproductive opportunities decreased late in life. Thus, individuals use multiple cues to determine the level of reproductive investment, and the response to each cue is dependent on the age of an individual.Keywords: Cost of reproduction, Phenotypic trajectory analysis, Mosquitofish, Reproductive value, Terminal investment, Reproductive restrain