Different Types Of Atrophy In The Prostate With And Without Adenocarcinoma

[No abstract available]336863865Billis, A., Magna, L.A., Inflammatory atrophy of the prostate. Prevalence and significance (2003) Arch Pathol Lab Med, 127, pp. 840-844Billis, A., Prostatic atrophy: An autopsy study of a histologic mimic of adenocarcinoma (1998) Mod Pathol, 11, pp. 47-54De Marzo, A.M., Marchi, V.L., Epstein, J.I., Nelson, W.G., Proliferative inflammatory atrophy of the prostate. Implications for prostatic carcinogenesis (1999) Am J Pathol, 155, pp. 1985-1992Anton, R.C., Kattan, M.W., Chakraborty, S., Wheeler, T.M., Postatrophic hyperplasia of the prostate. Lack of association with prostate cancer (1999) Am J Surg Pathol, 23, pp. 932-936Bakshi, N.A., Pandya, S., Schervish, E.W., Wojno, K.J., Morphologic features and clinical significance of post-atrophic hyperplasia in biopsy specimens of prostate (2002) Mod Pathol, 15, pp. 154APostma, R., Schröder, F.H., van der Kwast, T.H., Atrophy in prostate needle biopsy cores and its relationship to prostate cancer incidence in screened men (2005) Urology, 65, pp. 745-749Billis, A., Freitas, L.L., Magna, L.A., Ferreira, U., Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (2007) Int Braz J Urol, 33, pp. 355-363Mikuz, G., Algaba, F., Beltran, A.L., Montironi, R., Prostate carcinoma: Atrophy or not arophy that is the question (2007) Eur Urol, 52, pp. 1293-1296Billis, A., Meirelles, L.R., Magna, L.A., Baracat, J., Prando, A., Ferreira, U., Extent of prostatic atrophy in needle biopsies and serum PSA levels: Is there an association? (2007) Urology, 69, pp. 927-930Billis A: Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (Letter to the Editor) Int Braz J Urol. 200733: 566-

The Impact Of Isup 2005 Consensus On Gleason Grading In Contemporary Practice

[No abstract available]342242243Gleason, D.F., Mellinger, G.T., Prediction of prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma by combined histological grading and clinical staging (1974) J Urol, 111, pp. 58-64Gleason, D.F., Histologic grading and clinical staging of prostatic carcinoma (1977) Urologic pathology: The prostate, pp. 171-198. , Tannenbaum M ed, Philadelphia, Lea & FebigerGleason, D.F., Histologic grading of prostate cancer: A perspective (1992) Hum Pathol, 23, pp. 273-279Gleason, D.F., Histologic grading of prostatic carcinoma (1990) Pathology of the prostate, pp. 83-93. , Bostwick DG ed, New York, Churchill LivingstoneEpstein, J.I., Allsbrook Jr, W.C., Amin, M.B., Egevad, L.L., ISUP Grading Committee (2005) The 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consensus Conference on Gleason Grading of Prostatic Carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol, 29, pp. 1228-1242Guimaraes MS, Billis A, Quintal MM, Magna LA, Ferreira U: The impact of the 2005 International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) consensus conference on standard Gleason grading of prostatic carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 200619(suppl.1): abstract 139

Urothelial Neoplasms In Patients 20 Years Or Younger: A Clinicopathological Analysis Using The World Health Organization 2004 Bladder Consensus Classification: Editorial Comment

[No abstract available]316599600Epstein, J.I., Amin, M.B., Reuter, V.R., Mostofi, F.K., The World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology consensus classification of urothelial (transitional cell) neoplasms of the urinary bladder (1998) Am J Surg Pathol, 22, pp. 1435-144

Small Cell Carcinoma Of The Prostate. A Morphologic And Immunohistochemical Study Of 95 Cases

[No abstract available]341107108Mackey, J.R., Au, H.J., Hugh, J., Venner, P., Genitourinary small cell carcinoma: Determination of clinical and therapeutic factors associated with survival (1998) J Urol, 159, pp. 1624-1629Yao, J.L., Madeb, R., Bourne, P., Lei, J., Yang, X., Tickoo, S., Small cell carcinoma of the prostate: An immunohistochemical study (2006) Am J Surg Pathol, 30, pp. 705-712Amato, R.J., Logothetis, C.J., Hallinan, R., Ro, J.Y., Sella, A., Dexeus, F.H., Chemotherapy for small cell carcinoma of prostatic origin (1992) J Urol, 147, pp. 935-937Rubenstein, J.H., Katin, M.J., Mangano, M.M., Dauphin, J., Salenius, S.A., Dosoretz, D.E., Small cell anaplastic carcinoma of the prostate: Seven new cases, review of the literature, and discussion of a therapeutic strategy (1997) Am J Clin Oncol, 20, pp. 376-38

Positive-block Ratio In Radical Prostatectomy Specimens Is An Independent Predictor Of Prostate-specific Antigen Recurrence

[No abstract available]333440441Epstein, J.I., Pathologic assessment of the surgical specimen (2001) Urol Clin North Amer, 28, pp. 567-594Bostwick, D.G., Montironi, R., Evaluating radical prostatectomy specimens: Therapeutic and prognostic importance (1997) Virchow Arch, 430, pp. 1-16Cantrell, B.B., DeKlerk, D.P., Eggleston, J.C., Boitnott, J.K., Walsh, P.C., Pathologic factors that influence prognosis in stage A prostatic cancer: The influence of extent versus grade (1981) J Urol, 125, pp. 516-520Humphrey, P.A., Vollmer, R.T., Percentage carcinoma as a measure of prostatic tumor size in radical prostatectomy tissues (1997) Mod Pathol, 10, pp. 326-333Renshaw, A.A., Chang, H., DÁmico, A.V., Estimation of tumor volume in radical prostatectomy specimens in routine clinical practice (1997) Am J Clin Pathol, 107, pp. 704-708Humphrey, P.A., Vollmer, R.T., Intraglandular tumor extent and prognosis in prostatic carcinoma: Application of a grid method to prostatectomy specimens (1990) Hum Pathol, 21, pp. 799-804Carvalhal, G.F., Humphrey, P.A., Thorson, P., Yan, Y., Ramos, C.G., Catalona, W.J., Visual estimate of the percentage of carcinoma is an independent predictor of prostate carcinoma recurrence after radical prostatectomy (2000) Cancer, 89, pp. 1308-1314Billis, A., Magna, L.A., Ferreira, U., Correlation between tumor extent in radical prostatectomies and preoperative PSA, histological grade, surgical margins, and extraprostatic extension: Application of a new practical method for tumor extent evaluation (2003) Int Braz J Urol, 29, pp. 113-119Epstein, J.I., Carmichael, M., Partin, A.W., Walsh, P.C., Is tumor volume an independent predictor of progression following radical prostatectomy? A multivariate analysis of 185 clinical stage B adenocarcinoma of the prostate with 5 years of follo-up (1993) J Urol, 149, pp. 1478-148

Effects of the protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, herbimycin A, on prolactin gene expression in GH3 and 235-1 pituitary tumor cells

AbstractThe high basal level of prolactin (PRL) gene expression in rat pituitary GH3 cells is maintained through the spontaneous activity of voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs). This can be observed experimentally by addition of 0.5 mM CaCl2 to GH3 cells cultured in a low calcium, serum-free medium. CaCl2 specifically induces PRL gene expression and this induction is inhibited by VSCC blockers. PRL gene expression is also stimulated by several hormones and growth factors. In the present study, we examined the effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the ability of CaCl2, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and thryrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) to increase PRL mRNA levels. Of several PTK inhibitors used, one PTK inhibitor, herbimycin A, specifically inhibited the CaCl2-induced increase in cytoplasmic and nuclear prolactin (PRL) mRNA without affecting cell viability, cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, or the expression of several other genes. The effects of herbimycin A were reversible. In cells pretreated with herbimycin A, PRL mRNA levels were reduced by 69±12% (P<0.001; n=4).Western blot analysis using anti-phosphotyrosine antibody revealed a decrease of 91±1% (P<0.001; n=4) in the phosphotyrosine content of proteins in the molecular weight range of 130–160 kDa. After changing the medium back to SFM plus 0.5 mM CaCl2, levels of PRL mRNA increased over a period of several hours, and this increase was accompanied by the tyrosine phosphorylation of two or more proteins in the approximate size range of 130–160 kDa. Herbimycin A also inhibited PRL gene expression in the independently-derived 235-1 lactotrope cell line and lowered the tyrosine specific phosphorylation of protein(s) in a similar size range. Herbimycin A inhibited the ability of bFGF, EGF and TRH to stimulate PRL gene expression in GH3 cells. Again, in cells pretreated with herbimycin A, bFGF induced a reappearance of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation, followed by a reappearance of PRL mRNA. These findings provide evidence for a role for at least one PTK which is necessary for basal and stimulated PRL gene expression

Correlation Between Tumor Extent In Radical Prostatectomies And Preoperative Psa, Histological Grade, Surgical Margins, And Extraprostatic Extension: Application Of A New Practical Method For Tumor Extent Evaluation.

To evaluate a new method designed for estimating the tumor extent in radical prostatectomy specimens. The tumor extent was correlated to preoperative PSA and to several pathologic findings in the surgical specimens as well. Tumor extent was estimated in 118 consecutive radical prostatectomies through a simple point-count method. Drawn on a sheet of paper, each quadrant of the whole mount sections contained 8 equidistant points. During the microscopic slides examination, the tumor area was drawn over the correspondent quadrant of the paper sheet. According to the extent, tumors were classified in 5 groups: 1) very limited: </= 10 positive points; 2) limited: 11-19 positive points; 3) moderately extensive: 20-35 positive points; 4) extensive: 36-39 positive points; 5) very extensive: 70 positive points. This classification was based on a previous analysis of tumor extent in 109 radical prostatectomies. The distribution was quite normal up to 69 positive points, but asymmetric above that number, including cases exceeding far above that value. We considered the quartiles of the normal distribution up to 69 positive points (groups 1 to 4), and above that value a fifth group was considered. There was a statistically significant and direct correlation between the tumor extent and all variables studied: preoperative PSA (p = 0.03), Gleason score (p < 0.0001), primary grade in high-grade tumors (p < 0.01), surgical margins (p < 0.0001), extraprostatic extension (pT3a) (p < 0.0001), and seminal vesicle invasion (pT3b) (p = 0.01). The method, which is simple and well correlated to other prognostic factors, is accessible to those pathologists working in routine pathology laboratories. Whether this method will be used by other urology centers is yet to be seen.29113-9; discussion 12

Re: Inflammatory Atrophy On Prostate Needle Biopsies: Is There Topographic Relationship To Cancer? [6]

[No abstract available]334566568Moore, R.A., The evolution and involution of the prostate gland (1936) Am J Pathol, 12, pp. 599-624Franks, L.M., Atrophy and hyperplasia in the prostate proper (1954) J Pathol Bacteriol, 68, pp. 617-621Liavag, I., Atrophy and regeneration in the pathogenesis of prostatic carcinoma (1968) Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand [A], 73, pp. 338-350Cheville, J.C., Bostwick, D.G., Postatrophic hyperplasia of the prostate. A histologic mimic of prostatic adenocarcinoma (1995) Am J Surg Pathol, 19, pp. 1068-1076Billis, A., Prostatic atrophy: An autopsy study of a histologic mimic of adenocarcinoma (1998) Mod Pathol, 11, pp. 47-54Billis, A., Leandro, L.L., Freitas, Luis A Magna, Ubirajara Ferreira: Inflammatory atrophy on prostate needle biopsies: Is there topographic relationship to cancer? (2007) Int Braz J Urol, 33, pp. 355-363Oppenheimer, J.R., Wills, M.L., Epstein, J.I., Partial atrophy in prostate needle cores: Another diagnostic pitfall for the surgical pathologist (1998) Am J Surg Pathol, 22, pp. 440-445Srigley, J.R., Benign mimickers of prostate cancer (2004) Mod Pathol, 17, pp. 328-348Billis, A., Meirelles, L.R., Magna, L.A., Baracat, J., Prando, A., Ferreira, U., Extent of prostatic atrophy in needle biopsies and serum PSA levels: Is there an association? (2007) Urology, 69, pp. 927-930Oesterling, J.E., Lilja, H., Prostate-specific antigen. The value of molecular forms and age-specific reference ranges (1996) Comprehensive textbook of genitourinary oncology, pp. 668-680. , Vogelzang NJ, Scardino PT, Shipley WU, Coffey DS eds, Baltimore, Williams & WilkinsKumar, V., Abbas, A.K., Fausto, N., (2005) Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, pp. 3-46. , 7th ed. Philadelphia, Elsevier Sander

Re: Perineural Invasion By Transitional Cell Carcinoma Of The Bladder In Patients Submitted To Radical Cystectomy: What Is The Prognostic Value? [2]

[No abstract available]333422Leissner, J., Koeppen, C., Wolf, H.K., Prognostic significance of vascular and perineural invasion in urothelial bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy (2003) J Urol, 169, pp. 955-960Hong, S.K., Kwak, C., Jeon, H.G., Lee, E., Lee, S.E., Do vascular, lymphatic, and perineural invasion have prognostic implications for bladder cancer.after radical cystectomy? (2005) Urology, 65, pp. 697-70

Higher Prostate Weight Is Inversely Associated With Gleason Score Upgrading In Radical Prostatectomy Specimens

Background. Protective factors against Gleason upgrading and its impact on outcomes after surgery warrant better definition. Patients and Methods. Consecutive 343 patients were categorized at biopsy (BGS) and prostatectomy (PGS) as Gleason score, ≤6, 7, and ≥8; 94 patients (27.4%) had PSA recurrence, mean followup 80.2 months (median 99). Independent predictors of Gleason upgrading (logistic regression) and disease-free survival (DFS) (Kaplan-Meier, log-rank) were determined. Results. Gleason discordance was 45.7% (37.32% upgrading and 8.45% downgrading). Upgrading risk decreased by 2.4% for each 1 g of prostate weight increment, while it increased by 10.2% for every 1 ng/mL of PSA, 72.0% for every 0.1 unity of PSA density and was 21 times higher for those with BGS 7. Gleason upgrading showed increased clinical stage (P = 0.019), higher tumor extent (P = 0.009), extraprostatic extension (P = 0.04), positive surgical margins (P < 0.001), seminal vesicle invasion (P = 0.003), less "insignificant" tumors (P < 0.001), and also worse DFS, χ 2 = 4.28, df = 1, P = 0.039. However, when setting the final Gleason score (BGS ≤ 6 to PGS 7 versus BGS 7 to PGS 7), avoiding allocation bias, DFS impact is not confirmed, χ 2 = 0.40, df = 1, P = 0.530. Conclusions. Gleason upgrading is substantial and confers worse outcomes. 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(2011) Journal of Urology, 185 (6), pp. 2108-2111. , 2-s2.0-79955796559 10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.053Ngo, T.C., Conti, S.L., Shinghal, R., Presti Jr., J.C., Prostate size does not predict high grade cancer (2012) Journal of Urology, 187 (2), pp. 477-480. , 2-s2.0-84855603087 10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.042Rahmouni, A., Yang, A., Tempany, C.M., Frenkel, T., Epstein, J., Walsh, P., Leichner, P.K., Zerhouni, E., Accuracy of in-vivo assessment of prostatic volume by MRI and transrectal ultrasonography (1992) Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, 16 (6), pp. 935-940. , 2-s2.0-0026481087Varma, M., Morgan, J.M., The weight of the prostate gland is an excellent surrogate for gland volume (2010) Histopathology, 57 (1), pp. 55-58. , 2-s2.0-77954546284 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03591.