In vitro Anticholinesterase Activity of Various Alkaloids

In the current study, a number of alkaloids including retamine, cytisine, and sparteine (quinolizidine-type), yohimbine and vincamine (indole-type), scopolamine and atropine (tropane-type), colchicine (tropolone-type), allantoin (imidazolidine-type), trigonelline (pyridine-type) as well as octopamine, synephrine, and capsaicin (exocyclic amine-type) were tested in vitro for their inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) at 1 mg/ml concentration by the Ellman method using an ELISA microplate reader. Among the alkaloids tested, only capsaicin exerted a remarkable inhibitory effect towards both AChE and BChE [(62.7 ð 0.79)% and (75.3 ð 0.98)%, respectively]. While the rest of the alkaloids did not show any significant inhibition against AChE, three of the alkaloids, namely retamine, sparteine, and yohimbine, exerted a noteworthy anti-BChE effect as compared to galanthamine, the reference drug

Experimental Study of Effects of Ultrasonic Waves on Heat Distribution in Gaseous Medium

AbstractThe effect of ultrasonically generated forced convention on heat distribution in gaseous medium was experimentally investigated. In the experiment, as an ultrasound source, a piezoelectric transducer which has 28 KHz resonance frequency was used. Transducer was placed behind heat source and ran in sweeping mode from frequency 28 985Hz to 27 397Hz at about 20W power. 50Ω chrome-nickel resistance heater wire of a hairdryer was used under 220V AC voltage as a heat source and its power is adjusted about 100W by a dimmer. The experiments were carried out two set-ups; one of them is in open environment and other is indoor environment. To observe distribution of heat that is generated by heat source, thermal distribution on A3 sized paper that was placed in test environment was monitored by FLIR A20 thermal camera. When both heat source and fan with heat source were running, the heat distributions induced by ultrasound were compared with that of other. It can be concluded that ultrasonic waves could have a positive effect on heat distribution in gaseous medium and it carries heat in propagating direction of itself

Bir kadavrada musculus sternalis ve klinik yaklaşımlardaki önemine bakış

The sternalis muscle is a well-known variation of the anterior chest wall since 1867. The incidence of the sternalis muscle differs among the population. Chinese people has the highest incidence with 17.1%. The sternalis muscle was observed unilaterally in a formalin fixed adult male cadaver on the right side during routine dissection. The muscle originated at the level of the third sternocostal articulatio as two heads. It was ended fusing with pectoralis major muscle at the level of sixth costal cartilage 35.2 mm distance from midclavicular line. Although no function of sternalis muscle has been reported by now, this rare anatomic variation has great importance for radiologists and cheast surgeons in diagnosis and therapy. Because of this reason, in this paper we discuss our case and the previous reported cases.M. sternalis, 1867’den beri iyi bilinen göğüs ön duvarına ait bir varyasyondur. Bu kasın insidansı populasyonlar arasında farklılık gösterir. En yüksek insidans %17.1 ile Çinlilere aittir. M. sternalis rutin diseksiyon sırasında formalin ile fikse edilmis bir erkek kadavrada sağda unilateral olarak saptandı. Kas, üçüncü articulatio sternocostalis seviyesinde iki bas halinde baslamakta idi. M. pectoralis major ile kaynasmıs halde altıncı cartilago costalis hizasında, linea medioclavicularis’ten 35.2 mm uzaklıkta sonlandı. M. sternalis’in simdiye kadar önemli bir fonksiyonu bildirilmis olmamasına karsın, radyologlar ve göğüs cerrahları için tanı ve tedavide büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu nedenle, makalemizde olgumuzu ve daha önce bildirilmis olguları tartısıyoruz

Sosyal Sorumluluk Kavramı ve Uygulamaları

Bu kitap Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Sorumluluk Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (HÜSSAM) tarafından dünyada ve Türkiye’de gelişen sosyal sorumluluk çalışmalarının bilimsel zeminde nasıl yapılması gerektiğine dair temel çerçevenin belirlenmesi, özel durumlarda sosyal sorumluluk çalışmalarının başlıca ögeleri ve mevcut uygulamalara ilişkin örneklerin sunulması amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Kitap içeriğinde ağırlıklı olarak HÜSSAM üyeleri yazar olarak yer almıştır. Bununla birlikte, içeriğe Üniversitemizin farklı disiplinlerinden bilim insanlarının katkıları da çalışmamızı oldukça zenginleştirmiştir. İçerikte; yazarların özgün görüş ve ifadeleri korunmuştur. Kitabın HÜSSAM çalışmalarına, sosyal sorumluluk çalışmaları planlayan bilim insanlarına, okuyuculara yararlı olabilmesini diliyoruz. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Sorumluluk Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi açısından “ilk” olma özelliği taşıyan kitabımızın gelecek yıllarda geliştirilebileceğine inanıyoruz. Sürece katkı sunan HÜSSAM Yürütme Kurulu üyelerine, yazarlarımıza, basım sürecini üstlenen Hacettepe Üniversitesi yöneticilerine teşekkür ediyoruz

Essential oil compositions and antioxidant properties of the roots of twelve Anatolian Paeonia taxa with special reference to chromosome counts

Essential oil compositions and antioxidant potentials of fourteen ethanol (75%) root extracts prepared from twelve taxa of the genus Paeonia (Paeoniaceae), including P. arietina Anders., P. daurica Andrews, P. x kayae N. Ozhatay, P. kesrouanensis Thieb., P. mascula (L.) Miller subsp. arasicola G. Kaynak,. Yilmaz & R. Daskin, P. mascula (L.) Miller subsp. bodurii N. Ozhatay, P. cf. mascula L. (Mill.) subsp. mascula (two samples from central and northeastern Anatolia), P. cf. officinalis Retz., P. peregrina Miller (two samples from western and northwestern Anatolia), P. tenuifolia L., P. turcica Davis & Cullen, and P. wittmanniana Hartwiss ex Lindl. were assessed. The chromosome numbers of the root tips of the species were examined using chromosome staining technique with Shiff's reagent under Leitz microscope. The essential oils of the roots of the Paeonia species were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) and the major components were identified as salicylaldehyde (10%-94.4%), cis-myrtanal (5.5%-59.7%), and methyl salicylate (2%-52.2%). Antioxidant potentials were tested against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals using propyl gallate and rutin as the references. Total phenolic contents of the ethanol extracts were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau's method. The extracts exerted moderate NO scavenger effect and displayed insignificant DPPH radical scavenger activity at 500 mu g mL(-1). On the other hand, P. daurica, P. tenuifolia and P. cf. mascula subsp. mascula are diploids with 2n = 10, while other nine taxa are tetraploids with 2n = 20