The Nachtlichter app: a citizen science tool for documenting outdoor light sources in public space

The relationship between satellite based measurements of city radiance at night and the numbers and types of physical lights installed on the ground is not well understood. Here we present the "Nachtlichter app", which was developed to enable citizen scientists to classify and count light sources along street segments over large spatial scales. The project and app were co-designed: citizen scientists played key roles in the app development, testing, and recruitment, as well as in analysis of the data. In addition to describing the app itself and the data format, we provide a general overview of the project, including training materials, data cleaning, and the result of some basic data consistency checks

Dye sensitized solar cells

Neobnovljivi izvori energije će se iscrpiti te je nužno prijeći na obnovljive izvore energije. Sunce je neiscrpan izvor energije koji se ni približno dovoljno ne iskorištava što je velika prednost solarnim ćelijama općenito. Bojom senzibilizirane solarne ćelije pripadaju trećoj generaciji solarnih ćelija, a ističu se zbog niske cijene, širokog raspona mogućnosti primjene, jednostavne strukture i načina rada. S obzirom na ogroman napredak u efikasnosti u zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća, te većoj zainteresiranosti znanstvenika, očekivano je povećanje efikasnosti u bližoj budućnosti. Dakle, imaju brojne prednosti, a nedostaci se konstantno poboljšavaju te je neupitan njihov ogroman potencijal, pa je očekivano da će u budućnosti značajan udio iskorištene energije biti proizveden ovim ćelijama.Non-renewable energy sources will be exhausted, so it is necessary to switch to renewable energy sources. The sun is an inexhaustible source of energy that is not used nearly enough, which is a big advantage for solar cells in general. Dye sensitized solar cells belong to the third generation of solar cells, and they stand out due to their low price, various application possibilities, simple structure and working principle. Considering the enormous progress in efficiency in the last few decades, and the greater interest of scientists, an increase in efficiency is expected in the near future. So, they have numerous advantages, and the disadvantages are constantly improving, and their great potential is unquestionable, so it is expected that in the future a significant share of the used energy will be produced by these cells

Dye sensitized solar cells

Neobnovljivi izvori energije će se iscrpiti te je nužno prijeći na obnovljive izvore energije. Sunce je neiscrpan izvor energije koji se ni približno dovoljno ne iskorištava što je velika prednost solarnim ćelijama općenito. Bojom senzibilizirane solarne ćelije pripadaju trećoj generaciji solarnih ćelija, a ističu se zbog niske cijene, širokog raspona mogućnosti primjene, jednostavne strukture i načina rada. S obzirom na ogroman napredak u efikasnosti u zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća, te većoj zainteresiranosti znanstvenika, očekivano je povećanje efikasnosti u bližoj budućnosti. Dakle, imaju brojne prednosti, a nedostaci se konstantno poboljšavaju te je neupitan njihov ogroman potencijal, pa je očekivano da će u budućnosti značajan udio iskorištene energije biti proizveden ovim ćelijama.Non-renewable energy sources will be exhausted, so it is necessary to switch to renewable energy sources. The sun is an inexhaustible source of energy that is not used nearly enough, which is a big advantage for solar cells in general. Dye sensitized solar cells belong to the third generation of solar cells, and they stand out due to their low price, various application possibilities, simple structure and working principle. Considering the enormous progress in efficiency in the last few decades, and the greater interest of scientists, an increase in efficiency is expected in the near future. So, they have numerous advantages, and the disadvantages are constantly improving, and their great potential is unquestionable, so it is expected that in the future a significant share of the used energy will be produced by these cells

Dye sensitized solar cells

Neobnovljivi izvori energije će se iscrpiti te je nužno prijeći na obnovljive izvore energije. Sunce je neiscrpan izvor energije koji se ni približno dovoljno ne iskorištava što je velika prednost solarnim ćelijama općenito. Bojom senzibilizirane solarne ćelije pripadaju trećoj generaciji solarnih ćelija, a ističu se zbog niske cijene, širokog raspona mogućnosti primjene, jednostavne strukture i načina rada. S obzirom na ogroman napredak u efikasnosti u zadnjih nekoliko desetljeća, te većoj zainteresiranosti znanstvenika, očekivano je povećanje efikasnosti u bližoj budućnosti. Dakle, imaju brojne prednosti, a nedostaci se konstantno poboljšavaju te je neupitan njihov ogroman potencijal, pa je očekivano da će u budućnosti značajan udio iskorištene energije biti proizveden ovim ćelijama.Non-renewable energy sources will be exhausted, so it is necessary to switch to renewable energy sources. The sun is an inexhaustible source of energy that is not used nearly enough, which is a big advantage for solar cells in general. Dye sensitized solar cells belong to the third generation of solar cells, and they stand out due to their low price, various application possibilities, simple structure and working principle. Considering the enormous progress in efficiency in the last few decades, and the greater interest of scientists, an increase in efficiency is expected in the near future. So, they have numerous advantages, and the disadvantages are constantly improving, and their great potential is unquestionable, so it is expected that in the future a significant share of the used energy will be produced by these cells