Use of mobile applications and GIS in the researches of the quality of life

Predmet ovog prvostupničkog rada je rasprava o problematici i značenju pojma kvalitete života. Iz geografske perspektive istraživanja samog pojma i slične problematike vidljivo je da nije jednostavno konstruirati jedinstveni set metoda i modela koji će biti dovoljno cjeloviti da nedvosmisleno uključuju sve aspekte individualne ili kolektivne kvalitete života. Cilj rada je teorijski osvrt na povijesnu uporabu pojma, mogućnost njegove mjerljivosti i konkretna uporaba u analiziranju razine kvalitete života stanovništva u određenom djelu geografskog prostora. Metode koje će se koristiti u radu su analiza literature i izvora. Također kroz rad će se prikazati nove metode i mogućnosti prikupljanja podataka putem mobilnih aplikacija i primjeri sve češće upotrebe GIS-a u gradovima u cilju efikasnosti i povećanja kvalitete života građana. Na nekoliko primjera će se pokazati kako upotrebom GIS-a određeni gradovi mogu ostvariti veliki benefit. Također će biti spomenuta upotreba mobilnih aplikacija u svrhu prikupljanja podataka od strane samih građana putem tzv. masovne podrške.The subject of this bachelor's thesis is a discussion about the problem and the meaning of the concept of quality of life. Studies of the very concept and similar issues show that it is not easy to construct a unique set of methods and models that will be sufficiently complete to unambiguously include all aspects of an individual or collective quality of life. The aim of the thesis is a theoretical review of the historical use of the concept, the possibility of its measurability and its specific use in analyzing the level of quality of life of the population in a specific geographic area. The methods used in this paper are literature and source analysis. New methods and possibilities of data collection through mobile applications will also be presented along with examples of the more frequent use of GIS in cities in order to improve efficiency and increase the quality of life for the citizens. The use of mobile applications for the purpose of collecting data from citizens themselves so called "Crowdsourcing" will also be mentioned

Use of mobile applications and GIS in the researches of the quality of life

Predmet ovog prvostupničkog rada je rasprava o problematici i značenju pojma kvalitete života. Iz geografske perspektive istraživanja samog pojma i slične problematike vidljivo je da nije jednostavno konstruirati jedinstveni set metoda i modela koji će biti dovoljno cjeloviti da nedvosmisleno uključuju sve aspekte individualne ili kolektivne kvalitete života. Cilj rada je teorijski osvrt na povijesnu uporabu pojma, mogućnost njegove mjerljivosti i konkretna uporaba u analiziranju razine kvalitete života stanovništva u određenom djelu geografskog prostora. Metode koje će se koristiti u radu su analiza literature i izvora. Također kroz rad će se prikazati nove metode i mogućnosti prikupljanja podataka putem mobilnih aplikacija i primjeri sve češće upotrebe GIS-a u gradovima u cilju efikasnosti i povećanja kvalitete života građana. Na nekoliko primjera će se pokazati kako upotrebom GIS-a određeni gradovi mogu ostvariti veliki benefit. Također će biti spomenuta upotreba mobilnih aplikacija u svrhu prikupljanja podataka od strane samih građana putem tzv. masovne podrške.The subject of this bachelor's thesis is a discussion about the problem and the meaning of the concept of quality of life. Studies of the very concept and similar issues show that it is not easy to construct a unique set of methods and models that will be sufficiently complete to unambiguously include all aspects of an individual or collective quality of life. The aim of the thesis is a theoretical review of the historical use of the concept, the possibility of its measurability and its specific use in analyzing the level of quality of life of the population in a specific geographic area. The methods used in this paper are literature and source analysis. New methods and possibilities of data collection through mobile applications will also be presented along with examples of the more frequent use of GIS in cities in order to improve efficiency and increase the quality of life for the citizens. The use of mobile applications for the purpose of collecting data from citizens themselves so called "Crowdsourcing" will also be mentioned

Use of mobile applications and GIS in the researches of the quality of life

Predmet ovog prvostupničkog rada je rasprava o problematici i značenju pojma kvalitete života. Iz geografske perspektive istraživanja samog pojma i slične problematike vidljivo je da nije jednostavno konstruirati jedinstveni set metoda i modela koji će biti dovoljno cjeloviti da nedvosmisleno uključuju sve aspekte individualne ili kolektivne kvalitete života. Cilj rada je teorijski osvrt na povijesnu uporabu pojma, mogućnost njegove mjerljivosti i konkretna uporaba u analiziranju razine kvalitete života stanovništva u određenom djelu geografskog prostora. Metode koje će se koristiti u radu su analiza literature i izvora. Također kroz rad će se prikazati nove metode i mogućnosti prikupljanja podataka putem mobilnih aplikacija i primjeri sve češće upotrebe GIS-a u gradovima u cilju efikasnosti i povećanja kvalitete života građana. Na nekoliko primjera će se pokazati kako upotrebom GIS-a određeni gradovi mogu ostvariti veliki benefit. Također će biti spomenuta upotreba mobilnih aplikacija u svrhu prikupljanja podataka od strane samih građana putem tzv. masovne podrške.The subject of this bachelor's thesis is a discussion about the problem and the meaning of the concept of quality of life. Studies of the very concept and similar issues show that it is not easy to construct a unique set of methods and models that will be sufficiently complete to unambiguously include all aspects of an individual or collective quality of life. The aim of the thesis is a theoretical review of the historical use of the concept, the possibility of its measurability and its specific use in analyzing the level of quality of life of the population in a specific geographic area. The methods used in this paper are literature and source analysis. New methods and possibilities of data collection through mobile applications will also be presented along with examples of the more frequent use of GIS in cities in order to improve efficiency and increase the quality of life for the citizens. The use of mobile applications for the purpose of collecting data from citizens themselves so called "Crowdsourcing" will also be mentioned

Utjecaj levamizola na koncentraciju kortizola i promjene u perifernoj krvi svinja izloženih stresu

The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of levamisole (LEV) application in pigs stressed by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) injection on the total and differential leukocyte count, blood erythrocyte count, haemoglobin concentration and cortisol level during and for 16 days after the treatment. Swedish Landrace boars aged 6 to 7 months were divided into three groups. Group 1 received levamisole 2.5 mg/kg/body mass/day intramuscularly over 3 days and ACTH 10 μg/kg/body mass/day intravenously for 3 days. Group 2 received ACTH 10 μg/kg/body mass/day intravenously for the next 3 days and group 3 received saline intramuscularly for 6 days (control group). Cortisol concentration was increased in both ACTH treated groups during all three days of administration and the day after the last ACTH treatment. A significantly increase in total leukocyte count and a decrease in lymphocyte percentages was recorded during ACTH treatment. Use of levamisole before stress induction caused an increase in total leukocyte count in the 16 day period after cessation of ACTH treatment and also a lymphocyte increase in stressed animals on the first day of ACTH injection. Pigs that received levamisol and ACTH did not show eosinophilia in contrast to pigs that received ACTH only. In both groups of stressed animals, an elevated percentage of neutrophilic granulocytes was recorded on days 2 and 3 of ACTH treatment. However, administration of levamisole led to faster normalization of neutrophils and prevented neutropenia one week after termination of stress. According to the data presented, levamisole can influence pig immunity during and after stress induction by ACTH administration.Istraživanje utjecaja levamizola na promjene u perifernoj krvi i koncentraciju kortizola provedeno je u svinja u stresu izazvanom davanjem adrenokortikotropnog hormona (ACTH). Pokus je proveden na nerastima švedskoga landrasa, u dobi 6 do 7 mjeseci, podijeljenih u tri skupine. Svinje u prvoj skupini dobivale su levamizol (2,5 mg/kg/tj. mase/dan, i.m.) tijekom tri dana i ACTH (10 μg/kg/tj. mase/dan, i.v.) tijekom 3 dana, a u drugoj skupini ACTH (10 μg/kg/tj. mase/dan, i.v.) također tijekom slijedeća 3 dana. Treća skupina bila je kontrola koja je dobivala fiziološku otopinu i.m. 6 dana. U pokusu je praćen broj leukocita, diferencijalna krvna slika, broj eritrocita, koncentracije hemoglobina i kortizola. Tijekom trodnevnog davanja ACTH kao i dan nakon zadnje primjene u obje pokusne skupine zabilježeno je povećanje kortizola u serumu. Istovremeno je primjena ACTH izazvala značajno povećanje ukupnog broja leukocita, ali i smanjenje broja limfocita. Primjenom levamizola prije izazivanja stresa izazvalo se povećanje ukupnoga broja leukocita 16 dana nakon prestanka davanja ACTH. U obje pokusne skupine svinja utvrđeno je povećanje broja neutrofila drugi i treći dan primjene ACTH. Međutim, davanje levamizola prije izazivanja stresa dovelo je do brže uspostave fiziološkoga udjela neutrofi la. U svinja koje su dobile i levamizol i ACTH nije došlo do porasta udjela eozinofila kao što je to zabilježeno u skupini koja je dobila samo ACTH. S obzirom na dobivene rezultate istraživanja može se pretpostaviti da primjena levamizola može posredno utjecati na imunosni odgovor u svinja tijekom i nakon stresa potaknutog s ACTH

DESICCATION IN ORDINARY AND STUBBLE SOWING OF SUNFLOWER

Sa svrhom utvrđivanja učinka desikacije na vlagu i urod sjemena te nečistoće, sadržaj ulja i cijenu suncokreta, u redovnoj i postrnoj sjetvi (poslije kamilice i ozimoga ječma), 2008. i 2009. godine postavljeni su poljski pokusi na površinama poduzeća Bioagrar d.o.o. Ivanovci (Valpovo). U redovnoj sjetvi 2008. i 2009. godine, u pokusima je bilo 6 hibrida suncokreta: LG 53.80M (2008.), LG 54.12 (2009.), Brio, LG 56.65M, Apolon, Šokac i OS-H-13, dok je u postrnoj sjetvi 2008. posijan hibrid LG 53.80M, a 2009. hibrid LG 54.12. Kao desikanti korišteni su Reglone forte [diquat] (3 l/ha) i Harvade 25F [dimethipin] (2 l/ha), uz utrošak vode od 500 l/ha. Desikacija je obavljena vučenom traktorskom prskalicom radnoga zahvata 18 m. U ovim istraživanjima, desikacija je bila vrlo korisna agrotehnička mjera, koja je značajno ubrzala dozrijevanje suncokreta, osobito u postrnoj sjetvi, i smanjila prisustvo korova, čime je omogućena ranija, lakša i brža žetva te ranija priprema polja za sjetvu sljedećeg usjeva. S obzirom na cijene suncokreta, desikacija je isplativa u vremenski vlažnim godinama.Aiming to determine desiccation impact on seed moisture and yield, impurity, oil content and sunflower price, in ordinary and stubble sowing (after chamomile and winter barley) field trials were set up on the areas of Bioagrar Ltd. company Ivanovci (Valpovo ) in 2008 and 2009. Six sunflower hybrids: LG 53.80M (2008), LG 54.12 (2009), Brio, LG 56.65M, Apolon, Šokac and OS-H-13 were used in the trials in ordinary sowing of 2008 and 2009 while in stubble sowing of 2008 hybrid LG 53.80M was sown, and in 2009 hybrid LG 54.12. Reglone forte [diquat] (3 l/ha) and Harvade 25F [dimethipin] (2 l/ha) were used as desiccants applying 500 l water / ha. Desiccation was done by pulled tractor sprayer of 18 m working width. In these researches, desiccation was very useful agro-technical measure which considerably accelerated sunflower maturation, especially in a stubble sowing, and reduced presence of weeds. This, in turn, enabled earlier, easier and faster harvesting, and earlier field preparation for the next crop sowing. Regarding sunflower prices, desiccation is profitable in wet weather years

Influence of seed treatment on oil content of sunflower seed

Zrno suncokreta specifičnih je svojstava s obzirom na genotip, proces dorade sjemena, tretman i skladištenje a uslijed toga često dolazi do promjene kemijskog sastava zrna. Ovim istraživanjem utvrđena je promjena kemijskog sastava zrna (sadžaj ulja, %/ST) opadanje energije klijanja i klijavosti sjemena suncokreta, a ispitivanje je obavljeno na netretiranom (kontrola) i tretiranom sjemenu (T1 : Apron 35 DS + Geocid ST-35 i T2 : Apron 35 DS + Chinok 600FS). Analizirano je sjeme dva hibrida suncokreta Poljoprivrednog Instituta Osijek (Fakir, Apolon) nakon uskladištenja od 12 mjeseci. Sadržaj ulja u zrnu izmjeren je spektroskopskom metodom nuklearne magnetne rezonancije (NMR). Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da sjeme hibrida Fakir ima manji sadržaj ulja (47,16%) od sjemena hibrida Apolon (51,37%). Nakon skladištenja naturalno sjeme imalo je veći sadržaj ulja od tretiranog sjemena (od 3,11 do 6,05%). Tretiranjem sjemena pripravkom Apron + Geocid sadržaj ulja oba hibrida suncokreta je umanjen od 6,07 do 7,01%. Dobivene razlike u smanjenju sadržaja ulja u sjemenu tijekom skladištenja prema F-testu su statistički vrlo značajne ovisno o hibridu, tretmanu i ambalaži.Sunflower seed have specific characteristic considering of seed processing, storage and seed treatment. During the storage time of seed supply, seed quality is often reduced. Significant influence on reduction of seed quality have: hybrid, storage time and condition, the way of packing seed and seed treatment. This research analyse decreasing of chemical composition of sunflower seed on untreated (control) and wet treated seed (T1: Apron 35 DS + Geocid ST-35 i T2: Apron 35 DS+Chinok600FS) on hybrids of sunflower created on Agricultural institute Osijek (Fakir, Apolon) during the 12 months of storage. Content of total oil was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy method. Sunflower seed of Fakir hybrid was, at the initial storage, characterized by 47,165% of oil content whereas sunflower seed of Apolon hybrid was known for 51,37% of oil content. Twelve months later oil content of treated sunflower seed was lower for 3,11-6,05%. Lower oil decrease was noticed in PVC package and higher in the paper one. Seed treatment with the agent Apron + Geocid reduced oil of both hybrids for 6,07-7,01%

Ortho-supstituirani PCB 153 – unutarstanični učinci u CHO-K1 staničnoj liniji

Non-planar di-ortho-substituted PCB 153 (2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexachlorobiphenyl), one of the most abundant PCB congeners in the environment and in biological and human tissues, has been identified as potential endocrine disruptor affecting the reproductive and endocrine systems in rodents, wildlife, and humans. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper insight into its mode/mechanism of action in Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells (CHO-K1). PCB 153 (10–100 µmol/L) inhibited CHO-K1 cell proliferation, which was confirmed with four bioassays (Trypan Blue, Neutral Red, Kenacid Blue, and MTT), of which the MTT assay proved the most sensitive. PCB 153 also induced ROS formation in a dose-dependent manner. Apoptosis was seen after 6 h of exposure to PCB 153 doses ≥50 µmol/L, while prolonged exposure resulted in the activation of the necrotic pathway. PCB153-induced disturbances in normal cell cycle progression were time-dependent, with the most significant effects occurring after 72 h.Neplanarni di-ortho-supstituirani PCB 153 (2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-heksaklorobifenil) jedan je od najčešćih PCB kongenera detektiranih u biološkim i u uzorcima iz okoliša. Identificiran je kao potencijalni endokrini modulator koji uzrokuje štetne učinke na reproduktivnom i endokrinom sustavu glodavaca, divljih životinja i ljudi. Ovo istraživanje pruža uvid u mehanizme djelovanja PCB 153 na stanicama ovarija. Primjenom četiriju metoda (Trypan Blue, Neutral Red, Kenacid Blue i MTT) utvrđeno je da PCB 153 (10–100 µmol/L) reducira proliferaciju CHO-K1 stanica, a od primijenjenih se metoda MTT test pokazao kao najosjetljiviji. PCB 153 inducirao je stvaranje ROS-a u stanicama ovarija, ovisno o primijenjenoj dozi. Citofluorimetrijska analiza upozorava na indukciju apoptoze nakon šest sati izloženosti stanica PCB-u 153 u dozama ≥50 µmol/L, a produljena izloženost rezultirala je aktivacijom nekroze. PCB 153 uzrokovao je poremećaje u progresiji staničnog ciklusa, s najznačajnijim promjenama uočenima nakon 72 sata izloženosti

Influence od storage duration on primary root and germ lenght of sunflower hybrid seed

Dorađeno sjeme (nezaprašeno) hibrida suncokreta Fakir, Orion i Apolon skladišteno je 36 mjeseci u dvoslojnim papir vrećama, u podnom betonskom skladištu s termoizolacijom (relativna vlaga zraka 55-60% i temperatura 10-12°C). Analiza istraživanih svojstava (dužina primarnog korijena i klice) bila je na početku skladištenja i nakon svakih 12 mjeseci skladištenja tijekom tri godine istraživanja. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da sjeme hibrida Fakir ima duži primarni korijen i klicu (0.3-0.6 cm i 0.3-0.7 cm) od Oriona i Apolona na početku i na kraju skladištenja. Hibrid Apolon ima najkraći primarni korijen i klicu (5.4 cm i 2.2 cm) na početku, kao i na kraju skladištenja (4.3 cm i 1.6 cm). Kod svih hibrida najveće smanjenje dužine primarnog korijena i klice bilo je poslije 36 mjeseca skladištenja. Dobivene razlike su statistički vrlo značajne za sva istraživana svojstva (hibrid, dužina skladištenja, interakcija hibrid x dužina skladištenja).After seed processing, sunflower seed Fakir, Orion and Apolon has been storage for 36 months. Seed samples were packed in two film paper bag and storage in two different storage. Concrete floor and storage with termoizolation (relative air humidity 55-60 % and air temperature 10 °C – 12 °C). In the time of storage, every 12 months, seed samples was getting and seed properties has been analyzed. After 36 months, primary root and germ length were measured. Results of this investigations approved, that Fakir hybrid seed has higher on primary root and germ length in accordance with Orion and Apolon. It was conclude that decreasing of primary root and germ length depend on hybrid and storage duration. Apolon hybrid had the largest decreasing of primary root (1.1cm) and germ length (0.6cm). Fakir hybrid had the smallest decreasing. Each hybrids in this investigations had the largest decreasing of primary root and germ length after 24 months of storage. Hybrid and storage duration, statistically very significant influence on seed quality decreasing

Influence od storage duration on primary root and germ lenght of sunflower hybrid seed

Dorađeno sjeme (nezaprašeno) hibrida suncokreta Fakir, Orion i Apolon skladišteno je 36 mjeseci u dvoslojnim papir vrećama, u podnom betonskom skladištu s termoizolacijom (relativna vlaga zraka 55-60% i temperatura 10-12°C). Analiza istraživanih svojstava (dužina primarnog korijena i klice) bila je na početku skladištenja i nakon svakih 12 mjeseci skladištenja tijekom tri godine istraživanja. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da sjeme hibrida Fakir ima duži primarni korijen i klicu (0.3-0.6 cm i 0.3-0.7 cm) od Oriona i Apolona na početku i na kraju skladištenja. Hibrid Apolon ima najkraći primarni korijen i klicu (5.4 cm i 2.2 cm) na početku, kao i na kraju skladištenja (4.3 cm i 1.6 cm). Kod svih hibrida najveće smanjenje dužine primarnog korijena i klice bilo je poslije 36 mjeseca skladištenja. Dobivene razlike su statistički vrlo značajne za sva istraživana svojstva (hibrid, dužina skladištenja, interakcija hibrid x dužina skladištenja).After seed processing, sunflower seed Fakir, Orion and Apolon has been storage for 36 months. Seed samples were packed in two film paper bag and storage in two different storage. Concrete floor and storage with termoizolation (relative air humidity 55-60 % and air temperature 10 °C – 12 °C). In the time of storage, every 12 months, seed samples was getting and seed properties has been analyzed. After 36 months, primary root and germ length were measured. Results of this investigations approved, that Fakir hybrid seed has higher on primary root and germ length in accordance with Orion and Apolon. It was conclude that decreasing of primary root and germ length depend on hybrid and storage duration. Apolon hybrid had the largest decreasing of primary root (1.1cm) and germ length (0.6cm). Fakir hybrid had the smallest decreasing. Each hybrids in this investigations had the largest decreasing of primary root and germ length after 24 months of storage. Hybrid and storage duration, statistically very significant influence on seed quality decreasing

Influence of side branches nipping in sunflower restorer lines on seed yield and quality

Tijekom 2005. godine, na pokusnom polju i u laboratoriju Poljopri-vrednog instituta Osijek, obavljena su istraživanja utjecaja zakidanja bočnih grana dviju granatih restorer (RF) linija suncokreta u slobodnoj oplodnji na urod i kakvoću sjemena. Nakon žetve, na osnovu promjera glava, formirane su grupe. Unutar svake grupe određena je masa sjemena, a zatim je sjeme pomoću sita pravokutnih otvora širine od 2 do 5 mm podjeljeno u 4-6 frakcija. Na tri najzastupljenije frakcije, unutar svih grupa sjemena, određena je masa 1000 zrna, energija klijanja i klijavost. Za obe granate linije, promjer centralnih glava je bio od 6 do 14 cm, sa prosječnom masom sjemena po glavi za RF-1 liniju 2.81-11.51 g, a za RF-2 liniju 5.32-13.58 g. Kod linija sa zakinutim bočnim granama, promjeri glava bili su od 8 do 22 cm. Prosječna masa sjemena po glavi za RF-1 liniju bila je 7.55-37.90 g, a za RF-2 liniju 11.55-33.94 g. Masa 1000 zrna se povećavala s povećanjem promjera glave, odnosno frakcije sjemena. Granata RF-1 linija je imala masu 1000 zrna 22.7-40.7 g, odnosno 26.3-73.1 g kod biljaka sa zakinutim bočnim granama. RF-2 linija je imala veću masu 1000 zrna od prethodne linije, kod granatih biljaka bila je 30.0-52.0 g, a kod biljaka sa zakinutim bočnim granama 37.6-91.9 g. Za energiju klijanja i klijavost sjemena, obzirom na promjer glave, utvrđene su statistički značajne razlike (P=0.01) za obe granate linije, te za RF-2 liniju sa zakinutim bočnim granama. Obzirom na frakcije sjemena, statistički značajne razlike (P=0.05) nađene su za klijavost sjemena na RF-1 liniji sa zakinutim bočnim granama, te na granatoj RF-2 liniji, dok za energiju klijanja nije utvrđena značajna razlika za analizirane grupe.During 2005 year, on the trial field and laboratory of the Agricultural Institute Osijek have done researches of side branches nipping influence in two sunflower branched restorer (RF) lines in open pollination on seed yield and quality. After harvesting, on the basis of head diameter, groups were formed. Within each group seed mass is determined, followed by seed separation in 4-6 fractions using sieves of oblong holes width from 2 to 5 mm. On the largest three fractions, within all seed groups, were determined mass of 1000 grains, vigor and germination. For both branched lines, diameter of central heads was from 6 to 14 cm, with average seed mass per head in RF-1 line 2.81-11.51 g, and in RF-2 line 5.32-13.58 g. In lines with nipped side branches, diameters of heads were from 8 to 22 cm. Average seed mass per head in RF-1 line was 7.55-37.90 g, and in RF-2 line 11.55-33.94 g. Mass of 1000 grains has increased with increasing of head diameter and seed fraction, respectively. Branched RF-1 line had mass of 1000 grains 22.7-40.7 g, and 26.3-73.1 g in plants with nipped side branches. RF-2 line had higher mass of 1000 grains in relation to the previous line, in branched plants 30.0-52.0 g, and in nipped side branches plants 37.6-91.9 g. For vigor and seed germination, regarding head diameter, have established statistically significant differences (P=0.01) in both branched lines, and RF-2 line with nipped side branches. Regarding seed fractions, statistically significant differences (P=0.05) have found for seed germination in RF-1 line with nipped side branches, and branched RF-2 line, while for vigor have not been significant differences in all analyzed groups