The 7th International Symposium of Asian Society for Adapted Physical Education and Exercise, Hong Kong 2002: disability sport, adapted physical education and physical activity : research to practice

Includes bibliographical references.published_or_final_versionList of contributors ivThe physical and psychological benefits of participation in special Olympics Anna Chan Chan, Anna 12Appdx.B Asian society for adapted physical education and exercise (ASAPE) 159Keynote speechClassification of athletes in paralympic games Eric P. Chien Chien, P., Eric 27PresentationForewordMeasuring physical activity in children with intellectual disability Bik C. Chow Chow, C., Bik 37Twin basketball by persons with severe disability due to Quadriplegia Yumi Tsubouchi, Miho Kasuga, Teruo Akiyama, Masaharu Maeda, and Momoe Yamada Tsubouchi, Yumi Kasuga, Miho Akiyama, Teruo Maeda, Masaharu Yamada, Momoe 93The relationships between body composition and high incidence of glucose intolerance in Paraplegia N. Maeda, M. Murakami, M. Hirayama, J. Katoh Maeda, N. Murakami, M. irayama, M. Katoh, J. 84The qualification and training system for adapted physical activities in North East Asia Man-hway Lin Lin, Man-hway 50A Pilot study of sport participation: motives and goal perspectives of athletes with physical disabilities in Hong Kong Cindy Hui-ping Sit Sit, Hui-ping, Cindy 77Student activity levels and teacher behavior during primary four-to-six-grade physical education lesson for students with mental retardation Oi-yee Ma and Bik C. Chow Ma, Oi-yee Chow, C., Bik 99Identification of physical awkwardness in early childhood in Japan: usefulness of the movement assessment battery for children Takahito Masuda and Atsushi Nanakida Masuda, Takahito Nanakida, Atsushi 109Assessment of functional exercise capacity and exercise training using cycle ergometer in patients with cerebrovascular disorder M. Murakami, J. Katoh, T. Tanizaki, N. Maeda, and H. Furukawa Murakami, M. Katoh, J. Tanizaki, T. Maeda, N. Furukawa, H. 115Pedometric measurement of daily physical activity and oxygen uptake kinetics on exercise endurance with ambulatory post-stroke hemiplegics J. Katoh, H. Ikeda, J. Nakato, T. Yoshii, Y. Nagata, M. Hayakawa, T. Tanizaki Katoh, J. Ikeda, H. Nakato, J. Yoshii, T. Nagata, Y. Hayakawa, M. Tanizaki, T. 121Paralympic sports in Hong Kong: past, present and future Silas T.C. Chiang Chiang, T.C., Silas 60A study of the use of recreational sports during summer vacation for junior high school students with mental retardation at special schools in Kaohsiung Chi-sen Chen and Man-hway Lin Chen, Chi-sen Lin, Man-hway 128Dance activities of children with disabilities Kyoko Terada Terada, Kyoko 90The paralympic movement and adapted physical education York Chow Chow, York 4Preface iiPostural adjustments in individuals with visual impairments Hideo Nakata Nakata, Hideo 19Acknowledgment iiiAppdx.A International federation of adapted physical activity (IFAPA) 157The attitudes of parents of children without disabilities on sport socialization of students with disabilities: cross cultural comparison between Korean parents and American parents Ji-tae Kim Kim, Ji-tae 66Double product during isometric muscle contraction in the elderly Kyu-tae Kim, Kazufumi Takahashi, Seung-wook Choi, and Masahiro Yamasaki Kim, Kyu-tae Takahashi, Kazufumi Choi, Seung-wook Yamasaki, Masahiro 139The effects of water exercise in Korean elderly women Kyung-ok Yi, Hea-ok Lim, Ho-nam Lim, Kee-wha Lee, and Hae-won Han Yi, Kyung-ok Lim, Hea-ok Lim, Ho-nam Lee, Kee-wha Han, Hae-won 151Early childhood gymnastics award scheme Siu-yin Cheung Cheung, Siu-yin 14

Physical activity and physical fitness of adults with intellectual disabilities in group homes in Hong Kong

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) typically have a sedentary lifestyle and higher rates of overweight and obesity. This study describes the habitual daily physical activity (PA) and the health-related physical fitness (PF) of adults with mild and moderate ID who resided in four group homes and worked in sheltered workshops. We also assessed the contribution of PF variables towards PA levels and sedentary behavior of this population subgroup. Adults with mild and moderate ID (N = 114) were assessed on PF tests (percent body fat, waist and hip circumferences, 6-min walk (6MWT), arm curl, and sit and reach). PA and sedentary behavior on weekdays were determined using Actigraph accelerometers. Results showed these adults averaged 2% of their daily time (or 10 min) engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and 67% of the time (495 min) being sedentary. No significant differences between mild and moderate ID were found for any PA or PF variable. Linear multiple regression analyses showed 6MWT to be the only significant PF variable contributing to the variance of PA and sedentary behavior. In conclusion, adults with ID reside in group home have low PA and low fitness levels. Among fitness variables, the walking test (i.e., cardiovascular fitness) had the highest positive association with participants’ daily PA, MVPA, and negative association with sedentary behavior. Future intervention studies in promoting PA and fitness for adults with ID are warranted

Design and methods of a multi-component physical activity program for adults with intellectual disabilities living in group homes

Adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) often live a sedentary lifestyle and have higher rates of overweight and obesity. The purpose of this report is to describe the design and methods of a multi-component physical activity (PA) intervention program that aims to increase PA levels in adults with ID who live in group homes. The study employed a multi-component delayed treatment control group design involving adults with ID who lived in two group homes. Interventions included 30 exercise sessions in groups over a 10-week period and three educational lessons based on social cognitive theory that aimed to improve self-efficacy and social support for PA in the participants. In addition, staff training in exercise and advice on institutional PA policies were provided to the caregivers working in the group homes. Outcome measures on three aspects were collected: (1) physical fitness, (2) PA as assessed by an ActiGraph accelerometer, and (3) self-efficacy and social support for PA. Our major objective was to develop the intervention protocol, and the successful completion of this study will provide valuable evidence on how to promote active lifestyles in adults with ID

Promoting physical activity in group home settings: staff perspectives through a SWOT analysis

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate perceptions of staff about the promotion of physical activity (PA) in selected group residences of Hong Kong (HK), some of which had experienced a multi-component PA program. Method: Focus group interviews with nineteen staff members from four group homes (two of which received the program) were conducted. Findings: A SWOT analysis provided important insights into residential staff views about key influences on the quality of PA programs for residents with intellectual disabilities (ID). Positive (strengths and opportunities) and negative (weaknesses and threats) influences were identified. They were associated with characteristics of residents, staff, and group residence. Increasing age and low motivation are impediments to PA engagement of adults with ID. Staff competence and prior unsuccessful experience in promoting PA are also implicated. Conclusion: The PA program quality is mediated by the quality of staff interpersonal interactions with their clients and their commitment in encouraging such adults with ID to join and persistent in PA as well as staff seeking external resources and support as well as using initiative to adapt PA promotion activities in their specific group residential context

Health literacy mediates the relationships of cognitive and physical functions with health-related quality of life in older adults

BackgroundDeclining cognitive function (CF) and physical function (PF) relate to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults. As health literacy (HL) facilitates health information utilization, it may mediate links between functionality and HRQoL appraisals. This study examined HL as an intermediary between joint CF and PF contributions and HRQoL in Hong Kong older adults.Methods490 older adults aged 50–80 years completed assessments from March to July 2021. Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire Short Form 12 questions (HLS-SF12), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Senior Fitness Test (SFT) and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2) were used to assess HL, CF, PF and HRQoL, respectively. Path analysis tested a model with HL mediating CF/PF predictors and HRQoL outcome.ResultsResults for direct effects indicated that CF significantly associated with PF (β = 0.115, SE = 0.012, p < 0.001), PF significantly connected to HL (β = 0.101, SE = 0.022, p < 0.001), and HL significantly related to HRQoL (β = 0.457, SE = 0.049, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, PF significantly linked to HRQoL directly (β = 0.156, SE = 0.025, p < 0.001) as well as indirectly (β = 0.046, 95% CI [0.028, 0.067]). Significant mediating effect of HL was found on the relationship of PF and HRQoL.ConclusionFindings confirm CF and PF joint impacts on HL and HRQoL in older adults, elucidating HL’s mediating role in translating functionality levels into HRQoL. Fostering enduring health knowledge access may thus buffer effects of age-related declines on well-being. Results can inform interventions leveraging this pathway to promote resilient trajectories

Physical activity and sedentary time among children with disabilities at school

Purposes: Physical activity (PA) is important for the development of children with disabilities, but rarely does this population meet the recommended standards. Schools are salient locations for PA, but little is known about how specific school settings affect the PA of children with diverse disabilities. We assessed PA and sedentary time (ST) of children with disabilities in three school settings (physical education, recess, lunchtime). Methods: Partic-ipants included 259 children from 13 Hong Kong special schools for five primary disabilities: visual impairments, hearing impairments, physical disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and social development problems. Children wore accelerometers at school for 3 d, and the time (min and %) they engaged in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST was extracted for each school setting by sex. Analyses included multiple linear mixed models to determine differences in MVPA and ST by sex across disability types, adjusting for body mass index, grade level, and duration in each setting. Results: Overall, children spent 70% of their day at school being sedentary and accrued little MVPA (mean, 17 T 4.2 min daily). Children with intellectual disabilities (severe) had especially low levels of MVPA. All three settings contributed significantly to both MVPA and ST, with recess contributing more to MVPA than physical education or lunchtime. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine MVPA and ST among different disability types at school using accelerometry. Given the low levels of PA, this population should receive priority in the development of cost-effective interventions to improve their PA opportunities

Physical and Sedentary Activity Patterns in Youths with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Little is known about the patterns of sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA) within different school levels (i.e., primary school and secondary school) and on different day types (i.e., weekdays and weekend days) among youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The sample was recruited from one city in Taiwan. A total of 68 male youths with ASD, aged 6–17 years, participated in the study. PA was assessed using an ActiGraph accelerometer, and sedentary behaviors (i.e., TV viewing, computer use, and reading time) were determined using a self-report log. The main findings were that (a) primary school youths with ASD were more active than secondary school youths with ASD on both weekdays and weekend days, but primary school youths with ASD also had more sedentary time than did secondary school youths with ASD on both weekdays and weekend days; (b) secondary school youths with ASD were more active but also more sedentary on weekdays compared with weekend days, but they had more screen use on weekend days compared with on weekdays. Future interventions are required to decrease sedentary behavior and increase PA to improve the health of these youths according to school level and day of the week