New Exact Solutions of a Generalized Shallow Water Wave Equation

In this work an extended elliptic function method is proposed and applied to the generalized shallow water wave equation. We systematically investigate to classify new exact travelling wave solutions expressible in terms of quasi-periodic elliptic integral function and doubly-periodic Jacobian elliptic functions. The derived new solutions include rational, periodic, singular and solitary wave solutions. An interesting comparison with the canonical procedure is provided. In some cases the obtained elliptic solution has singularity at certain region in the whole space. For such solutions we have computed the effective region where the obtained solution is free from such a singularity.Comment: A discussion about singularity and some references are added. To appear in Physica Script

Study of Information Needs and Information Seeking Behaviour of the Gram Panchayat Members of West Bengal: with special reference to Burdwan-I Development Block

There is no shortage of information in the time of this information explosion era. Due to information explosion the gram panchayat members are confused about the access to right information at the right time from different information sources. Thus, information seeking is most important thing and it is surely be influenced by different type factors. The study would also find the information sources, how to access and how to use these sources by the gram panchayat members of different gram panchayats under the Burdwan-I Development Block. Data has been collected from the gram panchayat members through structured questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed among the 162 gram panchayat members of the different gram panchayat of this blocks of burdwan sadar (north) subdivision. 117 filled questionnaires are returned back from the gram panchayat members and all are analysed. Most of the members said that Libraries, community information centres, etc. are not available in the villages, so their role is very limited but they want to establish this type of information sources in their village area. Gram panchayat members are getting information from print and non-print media and also from internet. Most of the GP members used social media and majority of them used both facebook & whatsapp to seek the information. Almost all the Gram Panchayat members get adequate information from all relevant sources including language problem, difficulties in operating technical devices and dealing with time constraints and also the pandemic of Covid-19

Solute-solvent interactions of some tetra-alkylammonium salts in 2-methoxyethanol

40-42<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-US">The apparent molal volumes (v) of six tetra-alkylammonium bromides, namely Et4NBr to Hep4NBr, have been determined in 2-methoxyethanol <span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:arial;mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-US">(ME) <span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-US">at 308.15 and 318.15 K. The values have been extrapolated to zero concentration to obtain the limiting values at infinite dilution. Ionic limiting partial molal volumes have also been calculated using the extrapolation method. The results are discussed in terms of ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions.</span

Determination of the equilibrium constant for complex formation in a binary mixture of chloroform and triethylamine from viscosity data on the basis of the ideal associated solution model

95-97<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN">In a binary mixture of chloroform and triethylamine there exists an equilibrium between chloroform, tri ethylamine and an 1:1 chloroform- triethylamine complex. The equilibrium constant for the formation of this complex has been estimated by analysing the viscosity data of the mixture on the basis of the ideal associated solution model. An excellent agreement is observed between the equilibrium constant obtained from the present analysis and the literature value obtained from vapour pressure measurements.</span

Solvent effects on the dissociation of 3-methylbenzoic acid in aqueous binary mixtures of 2-methoxyethanol at 298.15 K

369-370<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">The solubilities of 3-methylbenzoic acid in 2-methoxyethanol (ME)-water mixtures (0 to 80 mass % of ME) have been measured at 298.15 K. The thermodynamic dissociation constants (K<span style="font-size:11.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;="" mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">T) have been determined from the solubility values in conjunction with <span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height: 115%;font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;="" mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:arial;mso-ansi-language:="" en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">pH <span style="font-size:11.0pt; line-height:115%;font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;="" mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;="" mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">measurements. </span

Effects of Concentration, Temperature and Solvent Composition on the Partial Molar Volumes of Sodium Polystyrenesulphonate in Methanol-Water Solvent Media

Precise measurements on the density of sodium polystyrenesulphonate solutions in methanol-water mixed solvent media containing 8, 16, and 25 weight per cent of methanol at 308.15, 318.15, and 323.15 K are reported. The degree of substitution of sodium polystyrenesulphonate used is 1, and the concentrations are varied from 1 ×10-2 to 3.8 ×10-2 monomol.l-1. The results showed a slight increase on the partial molar volumes with increasing polyelectrolyte concentration. The partial 0 molar volumes of the polyelectrolyte at infinite dilution, ( V) were determined. The effects of the temperature and solvent composition on the partial molar volumes are also investigated

<span style="font-size:19.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">Thermodynamics of aqueous solutions of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">p</i>-toluenesu1phonic acid and its some alkali metal salts in the temperature range of 298.15 K to 353.15 K</span>

1261-1263<span style="font-size:14.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">The available experimental osmotic coefficients for aqueous solutions of p-toluenesulphonic acid and its lithium, sodium and potassium salts have been analyzed in the framework of the Pitzer ion-interaction model in the temperature range of 298.15 K to 353.15 K. <span style="font-size:14.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:8.5pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;="" mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">The standard deviation of fit (in the osmotic coefficient) ranges from 0.0013 to 0.0044. Parameters derived from the fit have been used to calculate the activity coefficients. These activity coefficients are compared with those reported earlier from osmotic coefficients by an integration procedure and a good agreement is found.</span