605 research outputs found

    A planar diagram approach to the correlation problem

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    We transpose an idea of 't Hooft from its context of Yang and Mills' theory of strongly interacting quarks to that of strongly correlated electrons in transition metal oxides and show that a Hubbard model of N interacting electron species reduces, to leading orders in N, to a sum of almost planar diagrams. The resulting generating functional and integral equations are very similar to those of the FLEX approximation of Bickers and Scalapino. This adds the Hubbard model at large N to the list of solvable models of strongly correlated electrons. PACS Numbers: 71.27.+a 71.10.-w 71.10.FdComment: revtex, 5 pages, with 3 eps figure

    Fluctuation Exchange Analysis of Superconductivity in the Standard Three-Band CuO2 Model

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    The fluctuation exchange, or FLEX, approximation for interacting electrons is applied to study instabilities in the standard three-band model for CuO2 layers in the high-temperature superconductors. Both intra-orbital and near-neigbor Coulomb interactions are retained. The filling dependence of the d(x2-y2) transition temperature is studied in both the "hole-doped" and "electron-doped" regimes using parameters derived from constrained-occupancy density-functional theory for La2CuO4. The agreement with experiment on the overdoped hole side of the phase diagram is remarkably good, i.e., transitions emerge in the 40 K range with no free parameters. In addition the importance of the "orbital antiferromagnetic," or flux phase, charge density channel is emphasized for an understanding of the underdoped regime.Comment: REVTex and PostScript, 31 pages, 26 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. B (1998); only revised EPS figures 3, 4, 6a, 6b, 6c, 7 and 8 to correct disappearance of some labels due to technical problem

    Self-consistent Green function approach for calculations of electronic structure in transition metals

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    We present an approach for self-consistent calculations of the many-body Green function in transition metals. The distinguishing feature of our approach is the use of the one-site approximation and the self-consistent quasiparticle wave function basis set, obtained from the solution of the Schrodinger equation with a nonlocal potential. We analyze several sets of skeleton diagrams as generating functionals for the Green function self-energy, including GW and fluctuating exchange sets. Their relative contribution to the electronic structure in 3d-metals was identified. Calculations for Fe and Ni revealed stronger energy dependence of the effective interaction and self-energy of the d-electrons near the Fermi level compared to s and p electron states. Reasonable agreement with experimental results is obtained

    Knight Shift Anomalies in Heavy Electron Materials

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    We calculate non-linear Knight Shift KK vs. susceptibility χ\chi anomalies for Ce ions possessing local moments in metals. The ions are modeled with the Anderson Hamiltonian and studied within the non-crossing approximation (NCA). The Kvs.χK-vs.- \chi non-linearity diminishes with decreasing Kondo temperature T0T_0 and nuclear spin- local moment separation. Treating the Ce ions as an incoherent array in CeSn3_3, we find excellent agreement with the observed Sn K(T)K(T) data.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, 3 figures available upon request from [email protected]

    Theory of Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy of a Magnetic Adatom on a Metallic Surface

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    A comprehensive theory is presented for the voltage, temperature, and spatial dependence of the tunneling current between a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip and a metallic surface with an individual magnetic adatom. Modeling the adatom by a nondegenerate Anderson impurity, a general expression is derived for a weak tunneling current in terms of the dressed impurity Green function, the impurity-free surface Green function, and the tunneling matrix elements. This generalizes Fano's analysis to the interacting case. The differential-conductance lineshapes seen in recent STM experiments with the tip directly over the magnetic adatom are reproduced within our model, as is the rapid decay, \sim 10\AA, of the low-bias structure as one moves the tip away from the adatom. With our simple model for the electronic structure of the surface, there is no dip in the differential conductance at approximately one lattice spacing from the magnetic adatom, but rather we see a resonant enhancement. The formalism for tunneling into small clusters of magnetic adatoms is developed.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev.

    High-pressure transport properties of CeRu_2Ge_2

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    The pressure-induced changes in the temperature-dependent thermopower S(T) and electrical resistivity \rho(T) of CeRu_2Ge_2 are described within the single-site Anderson model. The Ce-ions are treated as impurities and the coherent scattering on different Ce-sites is neglected. Changing the hybridisation \Gamma between the 4f-states and the conduction band accounts for the pressure effect. The transport coefficients are calculated in the non-crossing approximation above the phase boundary line. The theoretical S(T) and \rho(T) curves show many features of the experimental data. The seemingly complicated temperature dependence of S(T) and \rho(T), and their evolution as a function of pressure, is related to the crossovers between various fixed points of the model.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure

    The Superconducting Instabilities of the non half-filled Hubbard Model in Two Dimensions

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    The problem of weakly correlated electrons on a square lattice is formulated in terms of one-loop renormalization group. Starting from the action for the entire Brillouin zone (and not with a low-energy effective action) we reduce successively the cutoff Λ\Lambda about the Fermi surface and follow the renormalization of the coupling UU as a function of three energy-momenta. We calculate the intrinsic scale TcoT_{co} where the renormalization group flow crosses over from the regime (Λ>Tco\Lambda > T_{co}) where the electron-electron (e-e) and electron-hole (e-h) terms are equally important to the regime (Λ<Tco\Lambda < T_{co}) where only the e-e term plays a role. In the low energy regime only the pairing interaction VV is marginally relevant, containing contributions from all renormalization group steps of the regime Λ>Tco\Lambda > T_{co}. After diagonalization of VΛ=TcoV_{\Lambda =T_{co}}, we identify its most attractive eigenvalue λmin\lambda _{\min}. At low filling, λmin\lambda _{\min} corresponds to the B2B_2 representation (dxyd_{xy} symmetry), while near half filling the strongest attraction occurs in the B1B_1 representation (dx2y2d_{x^2-y^2} symmetry). In the direction of the van Hove singularities, the order parameter shows peaks with increasing strength as one approaches half filling. Using the form of pairing and the structure of the renormalization group equations in the low energy regime, we give our interpretation of ARPES experiments trying to determine the symmetry of the order parameter in the Bi2212 high-TcT_{c} compound.Comment: 24 pages (RevTeX) + 11 figures (the tex file appeared incomplete

    Theory of One-Channel vs. Multi-Channel Kondo Effects for Ce3+^{3+} Impurities

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    We introduce a model for Ce3+^{3+} impurities in cubic metals which exhibits competition between the Fermi-liquid fixed point of the single channel Kondo model and the non-Fermi-liquid fixed point of the two- and three-channel Kondo models. Using the non-crossing approximation and scaling theory, we find: (i) A possible three-channel Kondo effect between the one- and two-channel regimes in parameter space. (ii) The sign of the thermopower is a fixed point diagnostic. (iii) Our results will likely survive the introduction of additional f2f^2 and conduction states. We apply this model to interpret the non-Fermi liquid alloy La1x_{1-x}Cex_xCu2.2_{2.2}Si2_2.Comment: 13 pages, Revtex, To appear in Phys. Rev. Let

    Andreev Scattering and the Kondo Effect

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    We examine the properties of an infinite-UU Anderson impurity coupled to both normal and superconducting metals. Both the cases of a quantum dot and a quantum point contact containing an impurity are considered; for the latter, we study both one and two-channel impurities. Using a generalization of the noncrossing approximation which incorporates multiple Andreev reflection, we compute the impurity spectral function and the linear-response conductance of these devices. We find generically that the Kondo resonance develops structure at energies corresponding to the superconducting gap, and that the magnitude of the resonance at the Fermi energy is altered. This leads to observable changes in the zero-bias conductance as compared to the case with no superconductivity.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures; expanded version to appear in PR

    Reduction of Tc due to Impurities in Cuprate Superconductors

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    In order to explain how impurities affect the unconventional superconductivity, we study non-magnetic impurity effect on the transition temperature using on-site U Hubbard model within a fluctuation exchange (FLEX) approximation. We find that in appearance, the reduction of Tc roughly coincides with the well-known Abrikosov-Gor'kov formula. This coincidence results from the cancellation between two effects; one is the reduction of attractive force due to randomness, and another is the reduction of the damping rate of quasi-particle arising from electron interaction. As another problem, we also study impurity effect on underdoped cuprate as the system showing pseudogap phenomena. To the aim, we adopt the pairing scenario for the pseudogap and discuss how pseudogap phenomena affect the reduction of Tc by impurities. We find that 'pseudogap breaking' by impurities plays the essential role in underdoped cuprate and suppresses the Tc reduction due to the superconducting (SC) fluctuation.Comment: 14 pages, 28 figures To be published in JPS
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