The Human Serum Metabolome

Continuing improvements in analytical technology along with an increased interest in performing comprehensive, quantitative metabolic profiling, is leading to increased interest pressures within the metabolomics community to develop centralized metabolite reference resources for certain clinically important biofluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid, urine and blood. As part of an ongoing effort to systematically characterize the human metabolome through the Human Metabolome Project, we have undertaken the task of characterizing the human serum metabolome. In doing so, we have combined targeted and non-targeted NMR, GC-MS and LC-MS methods with computer-aided literature mining to identify and quantify a comprehensive, if not absolutely complete, set of metabolites commonly detected and quantified (with today's technology) in the human serum metabolome. Our use of multiple metabolomics platforms and technologies allowed us to substantially enhance the level of metabolome coverage while critically assessing the relative strengths and weaknesses of these platforms or technologies. Tables containing the complete set of 4229 confirmed and highly probable human serum compounds, their concentrations, related literature references and links to their known disease associations are freely available at http://www.serummetabolome.ca

Antimicrobial compounds of fungi vectored by Clusia spp. (Clusiaceae) pollinating bees

The production of antimicrobial compounds by fungi associated with Clusia spp. pollinating bees (Trigona sp., Trigonini) was investigated in order to approach natural mechanisms of microbial density control within nest environment. By using a bioassay-guided approach based on bioautography and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), known alpha,beta-dehydrocurvularin and curvularin were isolated from Curvularia eragrostidis (CCT 5634) and Curvularia pallescens (CCT 5654), and known cochlioquinone A and isocochlioquinone A were isolated from Drechslera dematioidea (CCT 5631).584192174675

Você conhece esta síndrome? Do you know this syndrome?

A lipodistrofia generalizada congênita (síndrome de Berardinelli-Seip), doença autossômica recessiva, caracteriza-se por escassez do tecido subcutâneo. A falta de tecido adiposo propicia disfunção metabólica dos lípides e carboidratos, resistência periférica à insulina, hipertrigliceridemia e hipermetabolismo. Outros achados são acantose nigricante, acromegalia, hepatomegalia e alterações musculares, ósseas, cardiovasculares e neurológicas. Relata-se o caso de paciente com essa síndrome, cujo diagnóstico foi realizado em um serviço de dermatologia.<br>Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (Berardinelli-Seip syndrome) is a recessive autossomic disease characterized by absence of subcutaneous tissue. The fat tissue absence leads to metabolic dysfunction of lipids and carbohydrates, peripheral insulin resistance and increased seric levels of triglycerides and also a higher metabolic rate. Other findings are acanthosis nigricans, acromegaly, hepatomegaly and muscular, bony, cardiovascular and neurological abnormalities. A case of a patient with this syndrome is reported, whose diagnosis was made in a dermatology ambulatory

Análise comparativa da mastigação de crianças respiradoras nasais e orais com dentição decídua Comparative analysis of mastication in children with nasal and mouth breathing with first teething

OBJETIVO: investigar as possíveis alterações, causadas pelo modo respiratório, na mastigação de crianças com dentição decídua completa, respiradoras orais e nasais. MÉTODOS: participaram da pesquisa 46 crianças (23 respiradoras nasais - RN e 23 respiradoras orais - RO) matriculadas em duas escolas públicas de Educação Infantil de São Caetano do Sul. Foi aplicado um questionário aos pais para coletar dados sobre a respiração das crianças, os quais foram relacionados aos achados da avaliação oromiofuncional que constatou o modo respiratório. A amostra foi dividida nos grupos RO e RN e realizada avaliação da mastigação de pão francês (por meio de observação direta e análise de vídeo-gravação). RESULTADOS: foi encontrada mordida frontal em 91,3% dos RN e 82,6% dos RO; mastigação bilateral alternada em 78,3% dos RN e 87,0% dos RO; movimentos verticais e rotatórios em 95,7% dos RN e 100% dos RO; tempo médio de mastigação de 24,10 seg. nos RN e 15,92 seg. nos RO; volume médio ingerido em 73,9% para ambos os grupos; ausência de alimento no vestíbulo bucal em 73,9% dos RN e 39,1% dos RO; ausência de ruído em 91,3% dos RN e 60,9% dos RO; lábios abertos em 4,3% dos RN e 56,5% dos RO; simetria dos músculos masseter e temporal em 100% nos dois grupos. CONCLUSÃO: houve diferença estatisticamente significante na comparação dos modos respiratórios evidenciando que o modo interfere negativamente na mastigação do respirador oral quanto aos aspectos: tempo mastigatório, sobras de alimento na cavidade oral, postura dos lábios e ruído durante a mastigação.<br>PURPOSE: to investigate the possible alterations caused by breathing modus in mastication in a group of children with complete first teething, nasal and mouth breathing. Method: 46 children took part in this investigation (23 children were nasal breathing- NB and 23 children mouth breathing- MB). Children were enrolled in two public kindergartens in São Caetano do Sul. Their parents were asked to fill out a form in order to collect information about their children's breathing. This data was related with oral miofunctional evaluation to check the children's breathing modus. NB and MB groups were formed and a mastication function evaluation was carried out by observation means and videoing the children while they were masticating French bread. RESULTS: fontal bite: NB, 91.3%; MB, 82.6%. Alternate bilateral mastication: NB, 78.3%; MB, 82.0%. Vertical and rotating movements: NB, 95.7%; MB, 100%. Average time of mastication of NB group: 24.0 sec.; average time of MB group: 15.9 sec. Symmetry of average volume taken: NB, 73.9%; MB, 73.9%. Without any residue of food: NB, 73.9%; MB, 39.1%. Absence of noise: NB, 91.3%; MB, 60.9%. Open lips: NB, 4.3%; MB, 56.5%; Symmetry of masseter and temporalis muscles: NB, 100%; MB, 100% in both groups. CONCLUSION: significant statistical difference occurred in breathing modus comparison, negatively affecting some aspects of mouth breathing's mastication, which were mastication time, residue of food in the oral cavity, lips posture and noise during mastication