Single-pixel imaging based on deep learning

Single-pixel imaging can collect images at the wavelengths outside the reach of conventional focal plane array detectors. However, the limited image quality and lengthy computational times for iterative reconstruction still impede the practical application of single-pixel imaging. Recently, deep learning has been introduced into single-pixel imaging, which has attracted a lot of attention due to its exceptional reconstruction quality, fast reconstruction speed, and the potential to complete advanced sensing tasks without reconstructing images. Here, this advance is discussed and some opinions are offered. Firstly, based on the fundamental principles of single-pixel imaging and deep learning, the principles and algorithms of single-pixel imaging based on deep learning are described and analyzed. Subsequently, the implementation technologies of single-pixel imaging based on deep learning are reviewed. They are divided into super-resolution single-pixel imaging, single-pixel imaging through scattering media, photon-level single-pixel imaging, optical encryption based on single-pixel imaging, color single-pixel imaging, and image-free sensing according to diverse application fields. Finally, major challenges and corresponding feasible approaches are discussed, as well as more possible applications in the future

External Electric Field Tailored Spatial Coherence of Random Lasing

In this study, spatial coherence tunable random lasing is proposed by designing a random laser with separate coupling configuration between the gain medium and the scattering part. By using the polymer dispersion liquid crystal (PDLC) film with tunable scattering coefficient for supplying random scattering feedback and output modification, red, green and blue random lasers are obtained. By applying or removing electric field to manipulate the scattering intensity of the PDLC film, intensity and spatial coherence of these random lasing are then switched between the high or low state. This work demonstrates that controlling the external scattering intensity is an effective method to manipulate the spatial coherence of random lasing

External Electric Field Tailored Spatial Coherence of Random Lasing

In this study, spatial coherence tunable random lasing is proposed by designing a random laser with separate coupling configuration between the gain medium and the scattering part. By using the polymer dispersion liquid crystal (PDLC) film with tunable scattering coefficient for supplying random scattering feedback and output modification, red, green and blue random lasers are obtained. By applying or removing electric field to manipulate the scattering intensity of the PDLC film, intensity and spatial coherence of these random lasing are then switched between the high or low state. This work demonstrates that controlling the external scattering intensity is an effective method to manipulate the spatial coherence of random lasing

Angular Spectra Tunable Random Lasing for High Contrast Imaging

Abstract Random lasers with low spatial coherence have important potential applications in speckle‐free imaging and displaying. Here, an angular spectra (AS) tunable random laser is proposed through directly coupling a microcavity with a commercial optical fiber. The local in‐plane AS distributions of the random lasing can be separately tuned by selectively using coupling filtering, free transmission, and intensity modulation. The obtained random lasing has the characteristics of non‐polarization and ring AS with distribution tunability. The unique properties endow the lasing as a promising illumination source for biological imaging. An excellent image with speckle‐free and high contrast is thus achieved with a maximal contrast improvement factor of 638% relative to that under the common white lighting. The results indicate that the designed AS‐tunable random laser has great application values in the fields of biological imaging, display, integration optics, and optical physics

CCL20 triggered by chemotherapy hinders the therapeutic efficacy of breast cancer

<div><p>Chemotherapeutic resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has brought great challenges to the improvement of patient survival. The mechanisms of taxane chemoresistance in TNBC have not been well investigated. Our results illustrated C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) was significantly elevated during taxane-containing chemotherapy in breast cancer patients with nonpathologic complete response. Furthermore, CCL20 promoted the self-renewal and maintenance of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) or breast cancer stem-like cells through protein kinase Cζ (PKCζ) or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-mediated activation of p65 nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, significantly increasing the frequency and taxane resistance of BCSCs. Moreover, CCL20-promoted NF-κB activation increased ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1)/multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) expression, leading to the extracellular efflux of taxane. These results suggested that chemotherapy-induced CCL20 mediated chemoresistance via up-regulating ABCB1. In addition, NF-κB activation increased CCL20 expression, forming a positive feedback loop between NF-κB and CCL20 pathways, which provides sustained impetus for chemoresistance in breast cancer cells. Our results suggest that CCL20 can be a novel predictive marker for taxane response, and the blockade of CCL20 or its downstream pathway might reverse the taxane resistance in breast cancer patients.</p></div