Study on the Properties of Immobilized Biocatalysts with Lipase Activity Produced by Yarrowia lipolytica in Batch Culture

Three kinds of matrices (calcium alginate, gelatin, and PVA) were employed as supports to immobilize lipases from Y. lipolytica KKP 379 via physical adsorption. The stability of biocatalysts (free and immobilized) was evaluated by measuring the enzyme activity before and after treatment with the method based on the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl laurate. Two fractions of enzymes were immobilized: cell-bound (yeast biomass) and extracellular (supernatant). The yield of immobilization and catalytic properties of immobilized lipases were investigated. Satisfactory results for lipolytic activity and biocatalyst stability were obtained for cell-bound enzymes immobilized in alginate (0.38 U g–1 d.m.) and crosslinked gelatin (0.18 U g–1 d.m.). Immobilization of the supernatant was successful only on the alginate (0.026 U g–1 d.m.). After lyophilization, no significant difference was noticed between treated and untreated biocatalysts. Lyophilized catalysts were successfully immobilized in all three matrices, but the process reduced their lipolytic activity probably due to an insufficient amount of water in the reaction solution. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Clustering of Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis strains from regions of Central-Eastern Poland based on their biochemical and genetic characteristics

Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from mastitic milk of cows with infected mammary glands. The animals were living in 12 different farms near Lublin, in Central-Eastern Poland. A biochemical identification method based on enzymatic assay was performed, followed by haemolytic and proteolytic tests. PCR-RFLP targeted on the gap gene allowed the genetic identification of strains at the species level and verified phenotypic identification results. A molecular typing method using triplex PCR was performed to recognize the genetic similarity of the analyzed strains. DNA microarray hybridization (StaphyType, Alere Technologies) was used for detection of antibiotic resistance and virulence associated markers. The results obtained indicate high genetic similarity in strains isolated from the same sites. High genetic similarities were also detected between strains isolated from cows from different farms of the same region. A slightly lower similarity was noted however, in strains from various regions indicating that the strains are herd specific and that the cow's infections caused by S. aureus were of a clonal character. In 21 representative isolates selected for DNA-microarray testing, only fosfomycin (fosB) and penicillin resistance markers (blaZ, blaI, blaR) were detected. The presence of genes coding for haemolysins (lukF, lukS, hlgA, hla, hld, hlb), proteases (aur, sspA, sspB, sspP), enterotoxins (entA, entD, entG, entI, entJ, entM, entN, entO, entR, entU, egc-cluster), adhesins (icaA, icaC, icaD, bbp, clfA, clfB, fib, fnbA, map, vwb) or immune evasion proteins (scn, chp, sak) was common and, with exceptions, matched triplex PCR-defined clusters

Ratunku! or just tunku! : evidence for the reliability and concurrent validity of the Language Use Inventory : LUI-Polish

Purpose: To date, there is no tool for assessing early pragmatic development of Polish-speaking children. This study aimed to adapt to Polish a standardized parent report measure, the Language Use Inventory (LUI; O’Neill, 2009, in order to enable cross-cultural comparisons and to use the LUI-Polish to screen for pragmatic development in children 18-47 months of age. We concentrated on the sociocultural and functional adaptation of LUI and aimed to demonstrate its reliability, developmental sensitivity, and concurrent validity. Method: Parents completed an online version of LUIPolish, longitudinally at 3 time points (when the child was 20, 32, and 44 months old). In addition, parents completed the Polish adaptations of the Questionnaire for Communication and Early Language at 22 months and the Language Development Survey at 24 months. Children’s spontaneous speech was assessed at 24 months, and their expressive and receptive vocabulary was assessed at 36 months. Results: All 3 parts of the LUI-Polish (Gestures, Words, and Sentences) showed very good levels of internal consistency at each time point. Significant correlations were observed between all parts of the LUI-Polish at all 3 measurement time points. The expected developmental trajectory was observed for boys and girls providing evidence of its developmental sensitivity for children between the ages of 2 and 4 years: an increase with age in the total score (due to an increase in Words and Sentences) and a decrease in Gestures. Supporting concurrent validity, significant correlations were found between children’s performance on (a) the LUI-Polish at 20 months and the Questionnaire for Communication and Early Language at 22 months as well as the Language Development Survey and spontaneous speech measures at 24 months and (b) the LUI-Polish at 32 months and the 2 measures of vocabulary comprehension and production at 36 months. Conclusion: The Polish adaptation of the LUI demonstrated good psychometric properties that provide a sound basis for cross-cultural comparisons and further research toward norming of the LUI-Polish. Moreover, the expected developmental trajectory in the pragmatic development of Polish children was observed

Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health

This review gives an updated picture of each class of phenolic compounds and their properties. The most common classification implies the subdivision of phenolics in two main groups: flavonoids (e.g., anthocyanins, flavanols, flavanones, flavonols, flavonones, and isoflavones) and non-flavonoids (e.g., phenolic acids, xanthones, stilbens, lignans, and tannins) polyphenols. The great interest in polyphenols is associated with their high potential application for food preservation and for therapeutic beneficial use. The relationship between polyphenol intake and human health has been exploited with special reference to cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cancer. The use of current existing databases of bioactive compounds including polyphenols is described as key tools for human health research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Directions of postindustrial areas transformation − case studies

Głównym wyzwaniem dla terenów poprzemysłowych jest włączenie tych terenów do obiegu społeczno-gospodarczego i nadanie im nowych funkcji w strukturach miejskich. W niniejszym artykule skupiono się na analizie przypadków przekształceń terenów poprzemysłowych na cele: usługowe, mieszkaniowe, kulturowoedukacyjne, przyrodniczo-rekreacyjne oraz mieszane, a także na konieczności wypracowania kryteriów wyboru kierunków przekształceń terenów poprzemysłowych, wpływających na efektywne przygotowanie terenu do pełnienia nowych funkcji i generowanie korzyści w sferze społecznej, ekonomicznej i ekologicznej.The main challenge for postindustrial areas is the inclusion of these areas to the socio-economic cycle and performing new function in urban structures. This paper focuses on the analysis of cases of postindustrial areas transformation for such objectives as: service, residential, cultural and educational, natural and recreational, mixed. The need to develop criteria for selection of directions transformation of postindustrial areas, affecting the efficient preparation of the area to perform new functions and generating benefits in the social, economic and environmental sphere is also highlighted

Model of valuation of post-industrial areas in line with the rules of issue

Tereny poprzemysłowe stanowią system wielowymiarowy, składający się z czynników natury środowiskowej, społecznej i ekonomicznej. W niniejszym artykule skupiono się na przedstawieniu modelu wspomagającego wartościowanie terenów poprzemysłowych, zgodnego z zasadami zrównoważonego rozwoju. Model ten pozwala na interdyscyplinarne ujęcie procesu nadawania terenom poprzemysłowym nowych funkcji, umożliwiając tym samym ich powrót do obiegu społeczno-gospodarczego. Dla realizacji założonego celu pracy wykorzystano Procedurę Analitycznej Hierarchizacji (metoda AHP).Post-industrial areas constitute a multidimensional system, consisting of an environmental, social and economic aspects. This paper focuses on the presentation of the model that supports the valuation of post-industrial areas in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. This model allows for an interdisciplinary approach of the process of giving post-industrial areas new functions, thus enabling them to return to the socio-economic cycle. The Analytical Hierarchical Procedure (AHP method) was used to achieve the intended purpose