A Contemporary Exploration of Traditional Indian Snake Envenomation Therapies

Snakebite being a quick progressing serious situation needs immediate and aggressive therapy. Snake venom antiserum is the only approved and effective treatment available, but for selected snake species only. The requirement of trained staff for administration and serum reactions make the therapy complicated. In tropical countries where snakebite incidence is high and healthcare facilities are limited, mortality and morbidities associated with snake envenomation are proportionately high. Traditional compilations of medical practitioners’ personal journals have wealth of plant-based snake venom antidotes. Relatively, very few plants or their extractives have been scientifically investigated for neutralization of snake venom or its components. None of these investigations presents enough evidence to initiate clinical testing of the agents. This review focuses on curating Indian traditional snake envenomation therapies, identifying plants involved and finding relevant evidence across modern literature to neutralize snake venom components. Traditional formulations, their method of preparation and dosing have been discussed along with the investigational approach in modern research and their possible outcomes. A safe and easily administrable small molecule of plant origin that would protect or limit the spread of venom and provide valuable time for the victim to reach the healthcare centre would be a great lifesaver

Hepatoprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of <i style="">Alocasia indica</i> (Linn.)<i style=""></i>

816-821Oral administration of hydroalcoholic extract of A. indica (250 and 500 mg/kg) effectively inhibited CCl4 and paracetamol induced changes in the serum marker enzymes, cholesterol, serum protein and albumin in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the normal and the standard drug silymarin-treated groups. Hepatic steatosis, fatty infiltration, hydropic degeneration and necrosis observed in CCl4 and paracetamol-treated groups were completely absent in histology of the liver sections of the animals treated with the extracts. The results suggests that the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of A. indica possess significant potential as hepatoprotective agent.</b

Dissolution rate enhancement of fenofibrate using liquisolid tablet technique

Fenofibrate is more effective drug as compared to other fibrates. But low bioavailability of it is due to its poor aqueous solubility. The purpose of present study was to improve fenofibrate dissolution through its formulation into liquisolid tablets and then to investigate in vitro performance of prepared liquisolid systems. By use of this technique, liquid medications such as solutions or suspensions of water insoluble drugs in suitable non-volatile liquid vehicles can be easily converted into powders with acceptable flow properties and compression behavior by using suitable powder excipients. X-ray powder diffraction and Differential Scanning Calorimetry were used for evaluation of physicochemical properties of Fenofibrate in liquisolid tablets. Stereomicroscopy was used to assess morphological characteristics of liquisolid formulation. Enhanced drug release profiles due to increased wetting properties and surface of drug available for dissolution was obtained in case of liquisolid tablets.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Dissolution rate enhancement of fenofibrate using liquisolid tablet technique : Part II: evaluation of in vitro dissolution profile comparison methods

The present work deals with the comparison of in vitro dissolution profiles of fenofibrate liquisolid tablet formulations with those of marketed fenofibrate tablets, and the application of statistical methods to evaluate each method for its usefulness. The methods used to study dissolution profile comparison include Model independent method (Similarity factor, f2); Model dependent methods (Zero order, First order, Hixson-Crowell, Matrix, Peppas, Higuchi models) and statistical methods based on ANOVA. Model independent method was found to be easier and simple to interpret. The f2 value relates closeness of dissolution profiles. Dissolution profile followed Peppas model as "best fit" model. The application and evaluation of model dependent methods are more complicated. These methods give acceptable model approach which is indication of true relationship between percent drug release and time variables, including statistical assumptions. Statistical approach is very simple and is more discriminative of dissolution profiles. The liquisolid formulation of fenofibrate serves to be an effective way to enhance dissolution rate of fenofibrateColegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Dissolution Rate Enhancement of Fenofibrate Using Liquisolid Tablet Technique. Part II: Evaluation of In Vitro Dissolution Profile Comparison Methods

SUMMARY. The present work deals with the comparison of in vitro dissolution profiles of fenofibrate liquisolid tablet formulations with those of marketed fenofibrate tablets, and the application of statistical methods to evaluate each method for its usefulness. The methods used to study dissolution profile comparison include Model independent method (Similarity factor, f 2 ); Model dependent methods (Zero order, First order, Hixson-Crowell, Matrix, Peppas, Higuchi models) and statistical methods based on ANOVA. Model independent method was found to be easier and simple to interpret. The f 2 value relates closeness of dissolution profiles. Dissolution profile followed Peppas model as &quot;best fit&quot; model. The application and evaluation of model dependent methods are more complicated. These methods give acceptable model approach which is indication of true relationship between percent drug release and time variables, including statistical assumptions. Statistical approach is very simple and is more discriminative of dissolution profiles. The liquisolid formulation of fenofibrate serves to be an effective way to enhance dissolution rate of fenofibrate