Comparison of Modules of Wild Type and Mutant Huntingtin and TP53 Protein Interaction Networks: Implications in Biological Processes and Functions

Disease-causing mutations usually change the interacting partners of mutant proteins. In this article, we propose that the biological consequences of mutation are directly related to the alteration of corresponding protein protein interaction networks (PPIN). Mutation of Huntingtin (HTT) which causes Huntington's disease (HD) and mutations to TP53 which is associated with different cancers are studied as two example cases. We construct the PPIN of wild type and mutant proteins separately and identify the structural modules of each of the networks. The functional role of these modules are then assessed by Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis for biological processes (BPs). We find that a large number of significantly enriched (p<0.0001) GO terms in mutant PPIN were absent in the wild type PPIN indicating the gain of BPs due to mutation. Similarly some of the GO terms enriched in wild type PPIN cease to exist in the modules of mutant PPIN, representing the loss. GO terms common in modules of mutant and wild type networks indicate both loss and gain of BPs. We further assign relevant biological function(s) to each module by classifying the enriched GO terms associated with it. It turns out that most of these biological functions in HTT networks are already known to be altered in HD and those of TP53 networks are altered in cancers. We argue that gain of BPs, and the corresponding biological functions, are due to new interacting partners acquired by mutant proteins. The methodology we adopt here could be applied to genetic diseases where mutations alter the ability of the protein to interact with other proteins.Comment: 35 pages, 10 eps figures, (Supplementary material and Datasets are available on request

Geometrical Ray Tracing of Ion-Trajectories for an Astigmatic Sector Focused Beta Ray Spectrograph

This paper describes the path of charged particular in inhomogeneous fields, having information of magnetic field at every point, and adapts the methods for a high transmission double focusing spectrometer intended to enable focusing and selection of positrons for the measurement of Bhabha's exchange parameter using position electron scattering

Production of J/Ψ\Psi-Particles at RHIC and LHC energies: An Alternative `Psi'-chology

We attempt here to understand successfully some crucial aspects of $J/\Psi$-production in some high energy nuclear collisions in the light of a non-standard framework outlined in the text. It is found that the results arrived at with this main working approach here is fairly in good agreement with both the measured data and the results obtained on the basis of some other models of the `standard' variety. Impact and implications of this comparative study have also been precisely highlighted in the end.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Open Journal of Microphysics. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0906.2612, arXiv:1110.5582, and overlap with arXiv:1103.6269, arXiv:1007.451

Processing of Fine Grained Iron Ore and Coal Samples Using Multi-Gravity Separator

One of the major problems of gravity based methods has been their limitation in treating particles in relatively fine size range. However, application of centrifugal forces in some of the recent gravity separators (e.g. Kelsey Jig, Knelson Concentrator, Falcon Concentrator, Multi-gravity Separator etc.) have been developed that can treat particles of much lower sizes. Development of Multi-Gravity Separator (MGS) by M/s Richard Mozley Limited, U.K. is considered to be one of the potential equipment for the treatment of fines and ultra-fines in the range of 500-1 micron. This paper deals with the results of studies carried out on recovery of mineral values from typical Indian iron ore slimes and coal fine samples using this equipment. In case of iron ore slimes, assaying 7.49% Al2O3 with 68% particles passing below 44 micron, it was possible to reduce alumina ~2% with a yield of 42%. Similarly, the clean coal products of coking and non-coking coal fines samples resulted in ash contents of 16.43% and 31.55% with yields of 47.3 % and 83.5% respectively

Physico-chemical Properties of Bismuth Pyrovanadate Catalyst

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