"ધ્યાન કરતા અને ધ્યાન ન કરતા સ્ત્રી-પુરુષોમાં સ્વ-નિયંત્રણ, મનોવૈજ્ઞાનિક સુખાકારી અને માનસિક સ્વાસ્થ્યનો તુલનાત્મક અભ્યાસ"

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Water poverty in the northeastern hill region (India): potential alleviation through multiple-use water systems: cross-learnings from Nepal Hills

Water poverty index / Construction / Multiple use / Water storage / Farming systems / Villages / Social aspects / Drip irrigation / India / Nepal / Nagaland / Mon district / Lampong Sheanghah

Importance of Samsarjana Krama

Panchakarma are unique procedures, with help of these procedures one can cure patient as well as help individual to maintain his health. So for proper manifestation of these Karma one should follow all the instruction mention by Acharya. Paschata Karma of Panchakarma is as important as Pradhana Karma because if Paschata Karma, particular Samsarjana Krama, is not done properly patient cannot recover his health properly and his Agni gets disturbed. Here Krutanna Kalpna like Peya, Vilepi, Yusha, Mamsa Rasa etc. play important role to restore patient health and increase the Agni. Here an attempt has been made to explain the importance of Samsarjana Krama

Kulturelna i metagenomska identifikacija mikrobioma kod supkliničkog mastitisa u krava.

Metagenomic and traditional microbial culture based analyses of milk samples from cows harbouring subclinical mastitis pathogens were carried out to identify the microbial community structure of milk. A total of 77 Triple cross (TP), Kankrej and Gir lactating cows and 301 quarters were screened for subclinical mastitis. A total of 106 isolates belonging to five different microbial genera were recovered from 91 quarters of 41 cows, including 15 quarters having mixed bacterial infections by cultural examination. Pyrosequencing readings obtained from the breed wise pooled DNA of subclinical mastitis milk samples were analyzed using the SEED subsystem database of Meta Genome Rapid Annotation with Subsystem Technology (MG-RAST). Among the five genera, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Micrococcus, Bacillus and Escherichia, detected in the subclinical mastitis milk samples by culture based methods, four genera, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus and Escherichia, were identified in the corresponding pyrosequencing data, while Micrococcus was not found. In contrast, the pyrosequencing yielded 28 bacterial species, of which only two species, S. aureus and E. coli, were identified by the cultural method. S. agalactiae, the third species identified by cultural method, was not found in the pyrosequencing data. Metagenomic analysis additionally identified 19 genera and 26 species in comparison with the routine cultural methods. Many of the fastidious / anaerobic bacterial organisms, which are difficult to cultivate by routine methods, were identified by metagenomic analyses.Radi identifikacije mikrobne zajednice u mlijeku provedena je metagenomska i uobičajena kulturelna pretraga uzoraka mlijeka krava sa supkliničkim mastitisom. Ukupno je 77 trostruko križanih Kankrej i Gir mliječnih krava i 301 četvrt vimena bilo pretraženo na supklinički mastitis. Izdvojeno je bilo 106 izolata svrstanih u pet različitih rodova iz 91 četvrti od 41 krave uključujući i 15 četvrti kod kojih je kulturelnom pretragom bila ustanovljena mješovita bakterijska infekcija. Sljedovi mješavine DNA izdvojeni iz uzoraka mlijeka kod supkliničkog mastitisa očitani pirosekvenciranjem bili su analizirani po podsustavu SEED baze podataka „Meta Genome Rapid Annotation with Subsystem Technology (MG-RAST)“. Iz pretraženih uzoraka mlijeka bilo je izdvojeno pet rodova: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Micrococcus, Bacillus i Escherichia. Četiri su bila dokazana postupkom pirosekvenciranja: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Bacillus i Escherichia, dok Micrococcus nije bio dokazan. S druge strane, pirosekvenciranjem je bilo dokazano 28 bakterijskih vrsta, od kojih su samo dvije, S. aureus i E. coli, bile dokazane klasičnom kulturelnom pretragom. S. agalactiae, treća vrsta identificirana kulturelnom pretragom nije bila dokazana postupkom pirosekvenciranja. Metagenomskom analizom dodatno je bilo dokazano 19 rodova i 26 vrsta u usporedbi s rutinskom kulturelnom pretragom. Mnoge anaerobne bakterije, koje je vrlo teško uzgojiti rutinskim metodama, bile su identificirane metagenomskom analizom

Dependence and Imperialism in India

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69044/2/10.1177_048661347300500111.pd

Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

SummaryBackground Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatoryactions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.Methods In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospitalwith COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients wererandomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus azithromycin 500 mg once perday by mouth or intravenously for 10 days or until discharge (or allocation to one of the other RECOVERY treatmentgroups). Patients were assigned via web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment andwere twice as likely to be randomly assigned to usual care than to any of the active treatment groups. Participants andlocal study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment, but all others involved in the trial were masked to theoutcome data during the trial. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treatpopulation. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936.Findings Between April 7 and Nov 27, 2020, of 16 442 patients enrolled in the RECOVERY trial, 9433 (57%) wereeligible and 7763 were included in the assessment of azithromycin. The mean age of these study participants was65·3 years (SD 15·7) and approximately a third were women (2944 [38%] of 7763). 2582 patients were randomlyallocated to receive azithromycin and 5181 patients were randomly allocated to usual care alone. Overall,561 (22%) patients allocated to azithromycin and 1162 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days(rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·87–1·07; p=0·50). No significant difference was seen in duration of hospital stay (median10 days [IQR 5 to >28] vs 11 days [5 to >28]) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days(rate ratio 1·04, 95% CI 0·98–1·10; p=0·19). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, nosignificant difference was seen in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilationor death (risk ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·87–1·03; p=0·24).Interpretation In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, azithromycin did not improve survival or otherprespecified clinical outcomes. Azithromycin use in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 should be restrictedto patients in whom there is a clear antimicrobial indication

Geography of Bangladesh by Haroun Er Rashid

IC2 Institut

Liquid phase fluid dynamic (methanol) run in the LaPorte alternative fuels development unit

A fluid dynamic study was successfully completed in a bubble column at DOE's Alternative Fuels Development Unit (AFDU) in LaPorte, Texas. Significant fluid dynamic information was gathered at pilot scale during three weeks of Liquid Phase Methanol (LPMEOJP) operations in June 1995. In addition to the usual nuclear density and temperature measurements, unique differential pressure data were collected using Sandia's high-speed data acquisition system to gain insight on flow regime characteristics and bubble size distribution. Statistical analysis of the fluctuations in the pressure data suggests that the column was being operated in the churn turbulent regime at most of the velocities considered. Dynamic gas disengagement experiments showed a different behavior than seen in low-pressure, cold-flow work. Operation with a superficial gas velocity of 1.2 ft/sec was achieved during this run, with stable fluid dynamics and catalyst performance. Improvements included for catalyst activation in the design of the Clean Coal III LPMEOH{trademark} plant at Kingsport, Tennessee, were also confirmed. In addition, an alternate catalyst was demonstrated for LPMEOH{trademark}

LIQUID PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH (III & IV) DEMONSTRATION IN THE LAPORTE ALTERNATIVE FUELS DEVELOPMENT UNIT. Final Topical Report. Volume I/II: Main Report. Task 1: Engineering Modifications (Fischer-Tropsch III & IV Demonstration) and Task 2: AFDU Shakedown, Operations, Deactivation (Shut-Down) and Disposal (Fischer-Tropsch III & IV Demonstration).

Slurry phase Fischer-Tropsch technology was successfully demonstrated in DOE's Alternative Fuels Development Unit (AFDU) at LaPorte, Texas. Earlier work at LaPorte, with iron catalysts in 1992 and 1994, had established proof-of-concept status for the slurry phase process. The third campaign (Fischer-Tropsch III), in 1996, aimed at aggressively extending the operability of the slurry reactor using a proprietary cobalt catalyst. Due to an irreversible plugging of catalyst-wax separation filters as a result of unexpected catalyst fines generation, the operations had to be terminated after seven days on-stream. Following an extensive post-run investigation by the participants, the campaign was successfully completed in March-April 1998, with an improved proprietary cobalt catalyst. These runs were sponsored by the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), Air Products & Chemicals, Inc., and Shell Synthetic Fuels, Inc. (SSFI). A productivity of approximately 140 grams (gm) of hydrocarbons (HC)/ hour (hr)-liter (lit) of expanded slurry volume was achieved at reasonable system stability during the second trial (Fischer-Tropsch IV). The productivity ranged from 110-140 at various conditions during the 18 days of operations. The catalyst/wax filters performed well throughout the demonstration, producing a clean wax product. For the most part, only one of the four filter housings was needed for catalyst/wax filtration. The filter flux appeared to exceed the design flux. A combination of use of a stronger catalyst and some innovative filtration techniques were responsible for this success. There was no sign of catalyst particle attrition and very little erosion of the slurry pump was observed, in contrast to the Fischer-Tropsch III operations. The reactor operated hydrodynamically stable with uniform temperature profile and gas hold-ups. Nuclear density and differential pressure measurements indicated somewhat higher than expected gas hold-up (45 - 50 vol%) during Fischer-Tropsch IV operations. The high gas hold-up was confirmed by a dynamic gas disengagement test conducted at the end of the run. Heat transfer in the reactor was better than expected. Heat, mass and elemental balance calculations indicated excellent closure. After the initial learning curve with system dynamics, the plant was restarted very quickly (24 hours and 17 hours) following two plant trips. This demonstrates the ease and flexibility of the slurry technology. In-situ reduction of catalyst pre-cursor was completed successfully during F-T IV operations. Water measurements proved to be inaccurate due to wax/oil contamination of the analytical system. However, the reduction appeared to proceed well as close to expected syngas conversion was obtained at the beginning of the run. The selectivity to wax was lower than expected, with higher methane selectivity. Returning to the baseline condition indicated a productivity decline from 135-140 to 125-130 gm HC/hr-lit. of reactor volume in two weeks of operation. This may be a result of some catalyst loss from the reactor as well as initial catalyst deactivation. Significant quantities of product and samples were collected for further processing and analysis by the participants. Gas, liquid and solid phase mixing were studied as planned at two operating conditions using radioactive materials. A large amount of data were collected by ICI Tracerco using 43 detectors around the reactor. The data are being analyzed by Washington University as part of the Hydrodynamic Program with DOE