Factors Affecting the Performance of Photo-voltaic Solar Energy Storage

One of the most important factors in a nation\u27s development is energy availability. All the aspects of its economy are directly proportional to the energy resources. Oil is one of the most sought energy resources currently. Solar energy is one of the most important renewable sources of energy available to us. With oil deposits depleting and current global warming, there is an emphasis on using more and more renewable sources or clean energy. This has led to immense research on solar cells and how it could better be used to get maximum output. Storage of energy is another aspect that is studied most as this stored energy could be used as and when required. This study aims to study the factors that affect the performance of solar energy storage. This study will be conducted by identifying and analyzing different factors that influence the solar energy storage. The goal of this research is to find the factors that affect energy storage and identify which factors has the greatest effect on its efficiency and suggest better and innovative ways that could help energy storage in a positive way

Bad Actor Elimination in Pumps

Case StudyCase Study 1

Dry Gas Seal Failures in a Recycle Gas Centrifugal Compressor, Causes and Remedial Actions

Case Stud

Operating With a Broken Pinion Teeth

Case StudiesThere was a failure in the gear box of the main feed pump of the hydrocracker unit. As no spare was available, there was no immediate fix to the failure. A quick evaluation of the damage to the gear was done and an interim measure was taken to use back the old damaged pinion shaft. A successful risk based repair and restoration plan developed jointly with OEM support, until the new spare gear set was made available. The paper highlights on the ways the risks were managed during this interim period and share the observations during this interim operation

Carbon Foot Print Reduction Techniques with Rotating Machinery

TutorialTutorial 8: Global Environment concerns and need for more optimized production costs is driving all industries including Oil & Gas to look at more ways to reduce energy consumption without compromising on plant throughputs. This is specially challenging for older units to carry out modifications on existing assets and justify these with good paybacks for the capital investment needed. The article looks at the possible solutions available in this regard relating to rotating equipment and are illustrated with case studies to back these recommendations in most cases

Dry Gas Seals: General (Installation, Operation, Troubleshooting, and Retrofitting), Controls

Discussion GroupSuggested Topics for Dry Gas Seals Discussion group: • DGS operating characteristics • Unidirectional versus bidirectional • Seals faces and seats, O rings materials • Explosive decompression • Primary seal gas supply control system Primary seal failure detection • Primary seal gas vent to flare control system • Secondary seal failure detection • Tertiary seal types, carbon rings versus labyrinth • Buffer gas and associated control • Separation gas, air or nitrogen and associated controls • Tandem versus double seals application • Field problems and experiences • Challenges in Dry Gas Seal retrofits • Operation and spares maintenance, shelf life and requalification. • Dry Gas seals reliability and availability. • Dew point monitoring and control • Seal Gas Conditioning systems • Seal Gas Boosters and Heaters • API 614 – 5th Edition, current and advancements in Dry Gas seals & System

Mechanical (Liquid) Seals: General (Installation, Operation, Troubleshooting, and Retrofitting)

Discussion GroupMechanical seals are the most common method of sealing industrial centrifugal pumps and other rotary equipment. Although the basic concepts of a seals are simple, successfully using seals requires an understanding of the selection and operational requirements which can be unique for a specific application. In this discussion group, we will cover many of these considerations along with other application experiences from end users and seal OEMs. The discussion group will actively solicit topics from the attendees so the discussions will address real-world problems and challenges faced by the group. Suggested Topics for Mechanical Seals (Liquid) - Discussion group: Advancements in mechanical sealing – API 682 4th Edition Air testing of seals in pumps prior to installation • Challenges with low temperatures sealing • Effective leakage containment of single seals • The Selection and Design of Dual Pressurized Liquid Sealing Systems • Strengths and weaknesses in Plan 53A, 53B, and 53C piping plans Considerations when sealing abrasive slurries • How to apply dual pressurized gas seals • Mechanical seals for multiphase applications • Advances in seal face materials • Process for handling problem pump and seal applications • Definition of mean time between failure and industry best practices How and when to use split seals • Seal & System for rotating equipment other than pumps • Polymer and Elastomers sealing elements – reliability in Mechanical Seal

Dry Gas Seals: General (Installation, Operation, Troubleshooting, and Retrofitting), Controls

Discussion GroupSuggested Topics for Dry Gas Seals Discussion group: • DGS operating characteristics • Unidirectional versus bidirectional • Seals faces and seats, O rings materials • Explosive decompression • Primary seal gas supply control system Primary seal failure detection • Primary seal gas vent to flare control system • Secondary seal failure detection • Tertiary seal types, carbon rings versus labyrinth • Buffer gas and associated control • Separation gas, air or nitrogen and associated controls • Tandem versus double seals application • Field problems and experiences • Challenges in Dry Gas Seal retrofits • Operation and spares maintenance, shelf life and requalification. • Dry Gas seals reliability and availability. • Dew point monitoring and control • Seal Gas Conditioning systems • Seal Gas Boosters and Heaters • API 614 – 5th Edition, current and advancements in Dry Gas seals & System

Dry Gas Seals. Centrifugal Compressor Shaft End Seals

TutorialTutorial 19

Conversion of Recycled Polymers/Fibers into Melt Blown and Spunbonded Nonwovens

Melt blowing being a simple one-step process for converting polymer directly into a nonwoven fabric, is ideally suited for processing of several recycled plastics. The process uses hot air to draw the fibers and does not require precise, individual control of each filament as in the conventional fiber sprnning processes. It was demonstrated that recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be melt blown into nonwoven webs, but with poorer performance properties, due to the larger diameter of the fibers. Three methods of improving the melt blown processing of post-consumer recycled PET and the performance properties of the melt blown nonwoven webs produced from them were explored. They were, (1) using undried PET instead of dried PET, (2) blending recycled PET with other polymers, and (3) processing recycled PET at a higher temperature. The webs produced with undried PET had smaller fiber diameter, higher tenacity in the machine direction and lower air permeability. The greater drop in intrinsic viscosity indicated that more hydrolytic degradation occurred during processing of the undried PET. The webs produced from blends of recycled-PET/PBT as well as recycled-PET/low IV-PET had smaller fiber diameter, lower air permeability and higher tenacity in machine direction than those of 100% recycled PET webs. There were no * Currently with Techmer PM, #1 Quality Circle, Clinton, TN 37716. notable property changes caused by increasing the die temperature alone. The webs produced by increasing the barrel temperature as well as the die temperature had lower fiber diameter, lower thickness, lower air permeability and higher tenacity in machine direction. Intrinsic viscosities of webs which had improved performance properties were also considerably lower, indicating a significant drop in molecular weight of the recycled PET. Recycled PP form several sources were investigated as candidates for meltblowing and spunbonding. Pelletized waste form spunbond line was used in both spunbonding and melt blowing studies. SMS fabrics were also pelletized and meltblown at our facility. To explore the feasibility of using the J & M meltblowing line with the EG unit to remelt the waste web and feed it with the molten virgin polymer stream coming from the extruder, a 1000MFR virgin PP resin and fabrics produced from that polymer were used. Fabrics were characterized in all the cases for their performance properties. Some of the relevant data is reported here. It was observed that in most of the cases, fabrics with good properties can be produced at high throughputs, thus reusing all of the plant waste