Prediction Evaluation of Gene Ontology Using Support Vector Machine

The present state of sequenced programs requires the assignment of gene product functions in a timely, accurate and trustworthy manner. Many approaches to large-scale label designs have been developed. On the other hand, these approaches can only be used on a limited number of sub-sets. Their conclusions are not formalized. On the other hand, such approaches can only be used on a limited number of subsets, as their conclusions are not standardized. Annotation was supplied using Gene Ontology (GO) or categorization of valid or incorrect prediction using Support Vector Machines (SVM). A large database was used to assess the system's overall effectiveness. Reliability prediction was cross-validated organization by organization, yielding an average accuracy of 74% of all test cycles and 80%. The verification results revealed that the predictive efficacy was not dependent on the micro-organism because it could duplicate the high-quality automatic manual annotation. We used our trained categorization method to annotate Xenopuslaevis sequences, and greater than half of the known expressed genome was functionally annotated. We gave more than double the number of contigs with excellent annotations of high brightness compared to the already accessible annotations, and we also allocated a confidence score to each anticipated Gene Ontology (GO)

The rotation curves of dwarf galaxies: a problem for Cold Dark Matter?

We address the issue of accuracy in recovering density profiles from observations of rotation curves of galaxies. We ``observe'' and analyze our models in much the same way as observers do the real galaxies. We find that the tilted ring model analysis produces an underestimate of the central rotational velocity. In some cases the galaxy halo density profile seems to have a flat core, while in reality it does not. We identify three effects, which explain the systematic biases: (1) inclination (2), small bulge, and (3) bar. The presence of even a small non-rotating bulge component reduces the rotation velocity. In the case of a disk with a bar, the underestimate of the circular velocity is larger due to a combination of non-circular motions and random velocities. Signatures of bars can be difficult to detect in the surface brightness profiles of the model galaxies. The variation of inclination angle and isophote position angle with radius are more reliable indicators of bar presence than the surface brightness profiles. The systematic biases in the central ~ 1 kpc of galaxies are not large. Each effect separately gives typically a few kms error, but the effects add up. In some cases the error in circular velocity was a factor of two, but typically we get about 20 percent. The result is the false inference that the density profile of the halo flattens in the central parts. Our observations of real galaxies show that for a large fraction of galaxies the velocity of gas rotation (as measured by emission lines) is very close to the rotation of stellar component (as measured by absorption lines). This implies that the systematic effects discussed in this paper are also applicable both for the stars and emission-line gas.Comment: ApJ, in press, 30 pages, Latex, 21 .eps figure

Study on the Drying Characteristics of Green Gram, Cowpea and Soybean

The study reveals the drying characteristics of Green gram, Cowpea and Soybean when exposed to two different drying mechanisms namely convective (i.e., Tray Drying) and a innovative method (i.e., microwave drying). The objective of the study is to come out with a most appropriate drying technique which gives the product a better keeping quality. In this study the drying characteristics i.e the amount of moisture removed for every 10min is calculated at different temperatures for the respective samples. The sample was dried in tray dryer and microwave at two temperatures

OXIDATIVE KINETICS OF PRENYLATED CHALCONES BY N- BROMO ACETAMIDE IN ACID MEDIUM

ABSTRACT The kinetic results of the oxidation of chalcones, namely, (E)-1-(4-(3-methyl but-2-enyloxy)-2-hydroxyphenyl)- prop-2-en-1-one, by N-bromo acetamide in 70% (V/v) acetic acid -waterperchloric acid medium at various temperatures. It is noticed that the reaction is first order in [NBA] and fractional order in [chalcones] and [H + ]. The reaction is inhibited by the addition of acetamide. The rate of oxidation is susceptible to change in the composition of acetic acid -water mixture. The negative value of ρ (reaction constant) indicates the reaction is facilitated by high electron density at the reaction site. The relative rates of oxidation, activation parameters and substituent effects have been used to suggest the plausible mechanisms of reactions

Macrophage Dysfunction Impairs Resolution of Inflammation in the Wounds of Diabetic Mice

Background: Chronic inflammation is a characteristic feature of diabetic cutaneous wounds. We sought to delineate novel mechanisms involved in the impairment of resolution of inflammation in diabetic cutaneous wounds. At the wound-site, efficient dead cell clearance (efferocytosis) is a pre-requisite for the timely resolution of inflammation and successful healing. Methodology/Principal Findings: Macrophages isolated from wounds of diabetic mice showed significant impairment in efferocytosis. Impaired efferocytosis was associated with significantly higher burden of apoptotic cells in wound tissue as well as higher expression of pro-inflammatory and lower expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Observations related to apoptotic cell load at the wound site in mice were validated in the wound tissue of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Forced Fas ligand driven elevation of apoptotic cell burden at the wound site augmented pro-inflammatory and attenuated anti-inflammatory cytokine response. Furthermore, successful efferocytosis switched wound macrophages from proinflammatory to an anti-inflammatory mode. Conclusions/Significance: Taken together, this study presents first evidence demonstrating that diabetic wounds suffer from dysfunctional macrophage efferocytosis resulting in increased apoptotic cell burden at the wound site. This burden, in turn, prolongs the inflammatory phase and complicates wound healing

PROCESS STANDARDIZATION AND EVALUATION OF GREEN PEAS (PISUM SATIVUM) USING SOLAR DEHYDRATION TECHNOLOGY

Fruits and vegetables play an important role in human nutrition, but due to their high perishable nature they cannot be stored for longer period. To store for long period, dehydration is one of the techniques developed which can persist for longer periods and are said to be rich sources of vitamins, minerals and anti-oxidants. Emerging trends in food processing is one of the major aspects in recent times, where the present study is to utilize the importance of value addition to improve the nutritive value of food product and increase the efficiency of its processing. Hence solar dehydration technology was found to be an efficient process having less energy consumption and maximum retention of nutritive value. The objective of this study is to standardize the pretreatment for maximum chlorophyll retention of green peas and evaluation of the standardized product using solar dehydration technology. With this objective, the process procedure for green peas was standardized where 0.1% sodium bicarbonate and 0.1% magnesium oxide were used in water blanching for 4min. Solar dehydrated green peas were developed with 10 sunny hours (490c-510c) of drying time with a yield of 11.758% and moisture content 5.788%. The dried products were packed in two different packaging materials i.e., Aluminium and Polypropylene pouches. Shelf life studies were conducted at ambient and accelerated storage conditions in two different packaging materials for about 6 months. The results revealed that the solar dried green peas which were pretreated with 0.1% sodium bicarbonate and 0.1% magnesium oxide solution and packed in Aluminium pouch have retained most of the nutrients viz., Vitamin C, Chlorophyll content, and physico chemical properties. Sensory evaluation of dried green peas showed that color and flavor were superior in Aluminium pouch when compared with the product packed in polypropylene pouch. Microbial load was also within the limits, which indicated that the product can be shelf stable for a period of 6 months. The dehydrated green peas are rehydrated and used in pulav, upma, biryani

Effects of Fe substitution on the transport properties of the superconductor MgB2

A systematic study has been made on the effect of Fe substitution by means of resistivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient of the Mg1−xFexB2 superconductor involving 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 1.2%, and 3.0% Fe content. The superconducting transition has been found to be very sharp 0.2 K for a pristine sample and substitution of Fe results in the decrease of TC with the increase in the transition width. Thermal conductivity is found to decrease with Fe content in general, such that the shoulder present in the pristine sample tends to fade away with increasing Fe. An analysis has been made on the normal state resistivity in terms of a two-band model, and of the thermal conductivity in terms of the Wiedemann-Franz law and the lattice thermal conductivity,and the information obtained on the basis of this analysis has been discussed. Besides, the electronic density of states DOS near the Fermi level remains nearly unaffected upon Fe substitution, as evidenced by the Seebeck coefficient measurements. When compared with Mn, Fe behaves like a nonmagnetic element with a modest variation in TC and on the other hand, the TC depression is much stronger when compared with other elements like Al, Cu, etc. Therefore, the observed variation in TC for the presently investigated concentrations of Fe is attributed to the specific nature of the given substituent element Fe in altering the phonon frequency and/or electron-phonon coupling strength rather than spin-flip scattering or change in DOS or disorder