Separation of divalent lead from ayurvedic (herbal) medicines and alloys using extraction chromatography

205-210A selective, sensitive, less expensive and more precise method has been developed for the separation of lead(II) using N-n-octylaniline (liquid anion exchanger) coated silica gel as stationary phase. The quantitative extraction of lead(II) is found with 0.087 molL-1 N-n-octylaniline and 0.007 - 0.15 mol/L-1 ascorbic acid at pH 9.0. The extracted lead(II) has been eluted from the column with 0.5 mol/L-1 hydrochloric acid and analyzed by spectrophotometric method. The probable composition of the extracted species is deduced from log-log plots and extracted species is found to be [2RR'NH2+.Pb(C6H7O6)42-](org.). The optimum extraction conditions are evaluated from a critical study of effects of pH, ascorbic acid concentration, N-n-octylaniline concentration and elution time. The proposed method is found simple and efficient as it avoids large number of cation and anion interferences. Lead(II) is successfully separated from binary mixtures with bismuth(III), gold(III) and osmium(VIII). The method is also extended for separation of lead(II) from ayurvedic medicine and synthetic mixtures corresponding to alloys. </span

Design of passive suspension system to mimic fuzzy logic control active suspension system

Background: This paper proposes a method for designing a passive suspension system that determines the optimal suspension settings while offering feasible performance near an active suspension system. A mathematical model of a nonlinear quarter car is developed and simulated for control and optimization in MATLAB/Simulink® environment. The input road condition is a Class C Road, and the vehicle moves at 80 kmph. Fuzzy logic control (FLC) action is used to accomplish active suspension system control. An approach for investigating optimal suspension settings based on the FLC control force is described here. The optimized passive suspension system is supposed to have the same suspension travel and velocity as an active suspension system. The least square technique is implemented to optimize the suspension parameters of the passive suspension system. Results: The initial passive suspension system, FLC active system, and optimized suspension system are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink® environment. It is observed that RMS acceleration for the FLC system is 0.5057 m/s2, which is reduced by 46% (passive suspension system has RMS acceleration of 0.9322 m/s2, which is uncomfortable). For optimized system, RMS acceleration is 0.6990 m/s2. It is observed that the optimized passive suspension system almost mimics the initial FLC active suspension system. For the optimized system, sprung mass acceleration and VDV are improved by 30% and 27%, respectively, compared to the initial passive system. Conclusion: It is observed that the optimized passive suspension system mimics the initial FLC system. Also, an optimized FLC system has improved health criterion-based results compared to other suspension systems

Green Synthesis of Co3O4 Nanoparticles using Mappia Foetida Leaf Extract and its Antimicrobial Potential

In this paper the novel green synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles (Co3O4NPs) from cobalt chloride (CoCl2) using Mappia foetida leaf extract was investigated. The characterization of the Co3O4NPs was done by using UV – Vis spectroscopy, EDX, XRD and SEM analysis techniques. Comparative antibacterial study was done against gram positive and gram negative bacteria by well diffusion method in which results revealed that the biologically synthesized Co3O4NPs showed relatively similar antibacterial potential as chemically synthesized Co3O4NPs and higher antibacterial potential than that of positive control.</jats:p