Impact Narratives in Indian English Diaspora

Diaspora a word derived from Greek, meaning "scattering, dispersion" is the movement or migration of a group of people, such as those sharing a national and/or ethnic identity, away from an established or ancestral homeland. The first recorded usage of the word Diaspora in the English language was in 1876, later it became more widely assimilated into English by the mid 1950s, with long-term expatriates in significant numbers from other particular countries or regions also being referred to as a Diaspora. An academic field, Diaspora studies, has become established relating to this sense of the word. Most of the traditional values and cross-cultural arts, literature is being incorporated in the writings

Electron-phonon interactions and de Haas-van Alphen effect in dilute non-magnetic alloys

First the theory of electron-phonon contributions to the de Haas-van Alphen effect in normal systems (pure metals in the nonsuperconducting state ) is reviewed.Then a new derivation of the de Haas-van Alphen oscillations for an interacting system is given.The result is applied to electron-phonon scattering to show that contrary to what might be expected,the Dingle temperature does not include electron- phonon scattering effects and,under reasonable approximations, indeed one again recovers the quasi-partcle formula for the amplitude in the interacting system;however,with the electron-phonon enhanced mass replacing the bare electron (free or band) mass.Also a calculation of the electron-phonon scattering in dilute non-magnetic alloys is presented in which an uncorrelated ensemble average of phonon Green's functions for the disordered system is used. It is found that for the extended'high temperature limit' derived above the various contributions to the normal electron self-energy (relevant to the dHvA effect) still have a linear temperature dependence.However,the electron-phonon mass enhancement factor λ now depends on two more parameters besides the effective mass of the electrons in the host

Review of Tobacco Industry Interference in Telangana State, India

Background: Tobacco industry interference (TII) remains a significant barrier to effective tobacco control policies. Telangana, one of India’s major tobacco-producing states, is particularly vulnerable to industry influence. Despite the adoption of Article 5.3 of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), industry tactics continue to undermine public health efforts. Aims & Objectives: To document instances of TII in Telangana, analyze industry strategies, and provide evidence-based recommendations to mitigate their impact on tobacco control initiatives. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted from 2019 to 2022, tracking TII incidents using a structured data collection tool. Information was gathered from newspapers, social media, government reports, and stakeholder interviews. Instances were categorized into six subtypes, including political influence, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, and manipulation of public opinion. Results: A total of 13 TII incidents were recorded, with the highest prevalence in 2020. CSR activities accounted for 92.3% of cases, primarily involving ITC Ltd. No official action was taken against these activities, highlighting gaps in enforcement. Conclusion: This study underscores the urgent need for stricter implementation of Article 5.3, increased monitoring of TII, and policy reforms to safeguard public health from industry influence

Mixed liposomes containing gram-positive bacteria lipids:Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) induced structural changes

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a surface associated polymer amphiphile tethered directly to the Gram-positive bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, is a key structural and functional membrane component. Its composition in the membrane is regulated by bacteria under different physiological conditions. How such LTA compositional variations modulate the membrane structural stability and integrity is poorly understood. Here, we have investigated structural changes in mixed liposomes mimicking the lipid composition of Gram-positive bacteria membranes, in which the concentration of Bacillus Subtilis LTA was varied between 0–15 mol%. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements indicated formation of mixed unilamellar vesicles, presumably stabilized by the negatively charged LTA polyphosphates. The vesicle size increased with the LTA molar concentration up to ∼6.5 mol%, accompanied by a broadened size distribution, and further increasing the LTA concentration led to a decrease in the vesicle size. At 80 °C, SANS analyses showed the formation of larger vesicles with thinner shells. Complementary Cryo-TEM imaging confirmed the vesicle formation and the size increase with LTA addition, as well as the presence of interconnected spherical aggregates of smaller size at higher LTA concentrations. The results are discussed in light of the steric and electrostatic interactions of the bulky LTA molecules with increased chain fluidity at the higher temperature, which affect the molecular packing and interactions, and thus depend on the LTA composition, in the membrane

Investigation on the formation of two dimensional perovskite nanostructures at the water surface through self initiated reaction

The emerging class of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) has exhibited fascinating properties for a wide range of technological applications. With halide ions, HOIPs have provided novel optoelectronic devices including efficient solar cells and with pseudohalide anions-like formate (HCOO-), enigmatic electromagnetic properties have been obtained in HOIPs. Large-scale synthesis of such 2D HOIP films is of immense importance for the advancement of its application as solar materials. We have shown using in-situ X-ray measurements that the Langmuir monolayer of perovskite can be formed at the air-water interface by spreading stearic acid molecules on the water subphase having (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 molecules. The 2D lead formate perovskite films are formed at the air-water interface through a self-initiated reaction and the in-situ X-ray scattering and ex-situ Raman spectroscopy measurements revealed this reaction process. The spreading of lipid molecules having positive and negative head-group charges as surfactants over the water surface shows that the formation of perovskite nanofilms at the air-water interface specifically requires the presence of HCOO- head-group of stearic acid. In this room temperature interfacial reaction, formate anions come from the stearic acid monolayer present on the water surface and completely replace bromines in the perovskite present in water subphase to form (BA)2Pb(HCOO)4 at the air-water interface. Our results show an easy route for large-scale synthesis of 2D pseudohalide perovskites

Supramolecular Assemblies from Poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) Diblock Copolymers Mixed with 6-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic Acid

Supramolecular assemblies involving interaction of a small organic molecule, 2-hydroxy-6-Naphthoic acid (HNA), with poly(styrene)-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) diblock copolymers are utilized to obtain micellar structures in solution, nanostructured thin films on flat substrates and, finally, nanoporous thin films. The formation of hydrogen bonds between HNA and the poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) blocks is confirmed by spectroscopic measurements. The accordingly P4VP/HNA hydrogen-bonded complexes are poorly soluble in 1,4-dioxane, resulting in the formation of micellar structures with a P4VP/HNA core and a polystyrene (PS) corona. Those micelles have been spin-coated onto silicon wafers, resulting in nanostructured thin films consisting of P4VP/HNA dot-like features embedded in a PS matrix. The morphology of those films has been tuned by solvent annealing. Selective dissolution of HNA by methanol results in the formation of a nanoporous thin film. The P4VP/HNA nanodomains have been also cross-linked by borax, and the thin films have been further dissolved in a good solvent for PS, leading to micelles with a structure reminiscent of the thin films