Energy Efficiency in Cloud Software Architectures

Cloud-based software is often considered as providing a greener, more energy-efficient solution. At the same time, it introduces more complexity and demands for new investments in cloud services, technologies, and competencies for migration, maintenance, and evolution of the underlying software architectures. To understand better the implications of cloud software architectures on energy efficiency, in this paper we present the preliminary results of a systematic literature review that investigates what kind of software architectures for cloud service provisioning allow to achieve energy-efficient solution

A systematic literature review on Energy Efficiency in Cloud Software Architectures

Cloud-based software architectures introduce more complexity and require new competences for migration, maintenance, and evolution. Although cloud computing is often considered as an energy-efficient technology, the implications of cloud-based software on energy efficiency lack scientific evidence. At the same time, energy efficiency is becoming a crucial requirement for cloud service provisioning, as energy costs significantly contribute to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of a data center. In this paper, we present the results of a systematic literature review that investigates cloud software architectures addressing energy efficiency as a primary concern. The aim is to provide an analysis of the state-of-the-art in the field of energy-efficient software architectures

Energy Efficiency in Cloud Software Architectures

Cloud-based software is often considered as providing a greener, more energy-efficient solution. At the same time, it introduces more complexity and demands for new investments in cloud services, technologies, and competencies for migration, maintenance, and evolution of the underlying software architectures. To understand better the implications of cloud software architectures on energy efficiency, in this paper we present the preliminary results of a systematic literature review that investigates what kind of software architectures for cloud service provisioning allow to achieve energy-efficient solutions

A systematic literature review on Energy Efficiency in Cloud Software Architectures

Cloud-based software architectures introduce more complexity and require new competences for migration, maintenance, and evolution. Although cloud computing is often considered as an energy–efficient technology, the implications of cloud–based software on energy efficiency lack scientific evidence. At the same time, energy efficiency is becoming a crucial requirement for cloud service provisioning, as energy costs significantly contribute to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of a data center. In this paper, we present the results of a systematic literature review that investigates cloud software architectures addressing energy efficiency as a primary concern. The aim is to provide an analysis of the state-of-the-art in the field of energy-efficient software architectures

Bilateral cleft lip and palate without premaxillary protrusion is associated with lethal aneuploidies.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical implications of two categories of fetal bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP): with premaxillary protrusion and with a flattened profile. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of BCLP at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Bologna in the period 1991-2005. RESULTS: BCLP was diagnosed prenatally in 14 cases (mean gestational age at diagnosis, 21 (range, 12-36) weeks). In nine of these, there was a premaxillary pseudomass; in the remaining five, the profile was flat. Associated structural and/or chromosomal anomalies were found in two of the nine with a premaxillary pseudomass and in all five of those with a flat profile (P = 0.02). All fetuses with a flat profile had aneuploidies (three trisomy 18, one trisomy 13, one trisomy 8 mosaic), as did one of the nine with a premaxillary pseudomass. Eight of the pregnancies were terminated, including three of those with a premaxillary pseudomass and all five of those without. All continuing pregnancies resulted in live births, although one neonate affected by Krabbe's disease died shortly after birth. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a third of cases of BCLP diagnosed in utero have a flat profile and these are at high risk of lethal aneuploidies

Parametrizing the genioplasty: a biomechanical virtual study on soft tissue behavior

PURPOSE: Sliding genioplasty is used to surgically correct a retruded or misaligned chin: in this procedure, an osteotomy is performed and the bony segment is repositioned. In this study we investigate the effect of surgical parameters (bony segment movement, osteotomy design) on postop soft tissue changes in a patient cohort. METHODS: Seven patients were retrospectively recruited. Cone beam computed tomography data were obtained and soft tissue and bone shape reconstructions were performed. 3D models were created and surgical cuts were replicated according to postop scans. Each model was imported in ANSYS 2019R1 (Ansys Inc, USA) for simulation: the effect of variation in osteotomy plane as well as extent of bony segment movement were assessed by means of design of experiment: surgical parameters were varied in a surgically acceptable range and the soft tissue predictions were evaluated as displacement output of five craniometric landmarks. RESULTS: Simulation results show the overall changes of the lower third of the face are sensitive to changes in horizontal and vertical displacement of the bony segment as well as segment rotation. No significant changes in the soft tissue response were to attribute to the osteotomy design. CONCLUSION: Our results are consistent with experimental findings reported in the literature: when planning genioplasty in orthognathic surgery, particular focus on the segment movement (horizontal translation, vertical translation and rotation), rather than on the design of the osteotomy itself, should be considered

Bilateral cleft lip and palate without premaxillary protrusion is associated with lethal aneuploidies

Objective: To investigate the clinical implications of two categories of fetal bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP): with premaxillary protrusion and with a flattened profile. Methods: This was a retrospective study of fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of BCLP at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University of Bologna in the period 1991-2005. Results: BCLP was diagnosed prenatally in 14 cases (mean gestational age at diagnosis, 21 (range, 12-36) weeks). In nine of these, there was a premaxillary pseudomass; in the remaining five, the profile was flat. Associated structural and/or chromosomal anomalies were found in two of the nine with a premaxillary pseudomass and in all five of those with a flat profile (P = 0.02). All fetuses with a flat profile had aneuploidies (three trisomy 18, one trisomy 13, one trisomy 8 mosaic), as did one of the nine with a premaxillary pseudomass. Eight of the pregnancies were terminated, including three of those with a premaxillary pseudomass and all five of those without. All continuing pregnancies resulted in live births, although one neonate affected by Krabbe's disease died shortly after birth. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a third of cases of BCLP diagnosed in utero have a flat profile and these are at high risk of lethal aneuploidies

Energy Efficiency in Cloud Software Architectures

Cloud-based software is often considered as providing a greener, more energy-efficient solution. At the same time, it introduces more complexity and demands for new investments in cloud services, technologies, and competencies for migration, maintenance, and evolution of the underlying software architectures. To understand better the implications of cloud software architectures on energy efficiency, in this paper we present the preliminary results of a systematic literature review that investigates what kind of software architectures for cloud service provisioning allow to achieve energy-efficient solutions