Energetic status and mitochondrial oxidative capacity of rat skeletal muscle in response to creatine analogue ingestion

AbstractA creatine analogue, β-guanidinopropionic acid (α-GPA), was administered in the food (1% w/w) of 8 male rats for 6 weeks, while 8 control rats received a standard diet. Mitochondrial oxidative capacity and cytosolic modulators of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (free ADP, ATP-to-free ADP ratio) were evaluated in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. Mitochondrial adaptation to the diet was significantly different between muscles. Citrate synthase activity and mitochondrial ATP synthesis rate were 35 and 45% higher in EDL muscle, respectively, whereas they were virtually unchanged in the soleus muscle. In both muscles, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity remained unaffected. Regardless of muscle type, creatine, phosphocreatine and ATP concentrations, as well as the total adenine nucleotide content (ATP + ADP + AMP), were significantly lower in β-GPA fed rats. Whereas free ADP concentration remained unchanged, a significantly greater decrease in ATP-to-free ADP ratio was observed in EDL than in the soleus muscle. It is suggested that regulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, through changes in metabolite concentrations, could be an important factor to consider for mitochondrial adaptation induced by β-GPA feeding

Genetic parameters for�resistance to the Salmonella abortusovis vaccinal strain Rv6 in sheep

An experimental population (1216 lambs from 30 sires) of the Inra401 sheep was created in an Inra flock to allow QTL detection for susceptibility to Salmonella infection, wool and carcass traits. The Inra401 is a sheep composite line developed from two breeds: Berrichon du Cher and Romanov. At 113 days of age on average, the lambs were inoculated intravenously with 10(8 )Salmonella abortusovis Rv6 (vaccinal strain). They were slaughtered 10 days after the inoculation. Several traits were measured at inoculation and/or slaughtering to estimate the genetic resistance of the lambs to Salmonella infection: specific IgM and IgG1 antibody titres, body weight loss, spleen and pre-scapular node weights and counts of viable Salmonella persisting in these organs. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the genetic variability of the traits related to salmonellosis susceptibility. The heritabilities of the traits varied between 0.10 and 0.64 (significantly different from zero). Thus, in sheep as well as in other species, the determinism of resistance to Salmonella infection is under genetic control. Moreover, the correlations between the traits are in agreement with the known immune mechanisms. The genetic variability observed should help QTL detection

Energy Resolution Performance of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter

The energy resolution performance of the CMS lead tungstate crystal electromagnetic calorimeter is presented. Measurements were made with an electron beam using a fully equipped supermodule of the calorimeter barrel. Results are given both for electrons incident on the centre of crystals and for electrons distributed uniformly over the calorimeter surface. The electron energy is reconstructed in matrices of 3 times 3 or 5 times 5 crystals centred on the crystal containing the maximum energy. Corrections for variations in the shower containment are applied in the case of uniform incidence. The resolution measured is consistent with the design goals

Etude par RMN de la conformation des extractants a fonction amide en phase organique

Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 86354 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Applications of NMR in nuclear chemistry

International audienc

L'intention du Poete . Du pupitre à la presse, Clément Marot autheur

Ce travail propose de montrer de quelle manière Clément Marot a conçu son métier d auteur. À cette fin, il prend d abord appui sur une reconstruction synthétique et critique de la carrière du poète, des premiers engagements auprès de Nicolas de Neufville ou (peut-être) de la reine Claude, jusqu au service de François Ier, afin d en comprendre les contraintes, et la façon dont elles conditionnent l écriture (I). Suit logiquement l étude des représentations du métier d auteur dans l œuvre, c est-à-dire du discours par lequel le poète se met en scène en tant qu auteur ; celle-ci comprend ainsi l analyse de la signature marotique ainsi que des choix lexicaux et métaphoriques qui caractérisent le regard que le poète pose sur son activité (II). Marot faisant partie des premiers écrivains à s impliquer fortement dans le processus d impression, la troisième partie est consacrée à l enquête bibliographique qui s intéresse à la totalité des éditions marotiques autorisées : elle en présente les différents acteurs et propose une description matérielle des ouvrages, afin de reconstituer l histoire de leur fabrication et de déterminer la mesure de la collaboration du poète (III). Les conclusions de l enquête sont exploitées dans la dernière partie pour mettre en évidence le sens du projet poétique et éditorial des recueils considérés. L étude de leur ordonnancement en est la clé principale, Marot s emparant du critère de l organisation pour se réapproprier une œuvre qui lui échappe en raison même de son succès, et faire finalement de la presse un instrument essentiel pour réaliser ses intentions (IV).This study offers to show how Clément Marot conceived of his role as an author. For this purpose, it begins with a synthetic and critical narrative of the poet s career, from the first appointments, under the patronage of Nicolas de Neufville or (maybe) Queen Claude de France, to the service of Francis I, so as to bring to light the constraints of the office and the way they influenced his writing process (I). The study then explores the representations of the author s work in the text, i.e. the way the poet portrays himself as an author; it includes the analysis of Marot s signature and of the lexical and metaphorical choices which define the way the poet looks at his own activity (II). Because Marot is one of the first writers to get fully involved in the printing process, the third part is devoted to a bibliographical inquiry dealing with all the authorized editions of Marot s works: it presents the various actors involved and offers a material description of the books, in order to reconstruct the story of their making and to determine the extent of the poet s collaboration in the process of their production (III). The findings of the inquiry are used in the last part to highlight the import of Marot s poetical and editorial project. To this end, the study of the books dispositio provides the main key, as Marot uses it to reclaim a work that eludes him because of its very success, managing to turn the printing press into an instrument at the service of his auctorial intentions (IV).PARIS4-Bib. électronique (751059905) / SudocSudocFranceF