99 research outputs found
Monitoring Gender Gaps via LinkedIn Advertising Estimates: the case study of Italy
Women remain underrepresented in the labour market. Although significant
advancements are being made to increase female participation in the workforce,
the gender gap is still far from being bridged. We contribute to the growing
literature on gender inequalities in the labour market, evaluating the
potential of the LinkedIn estimates to monitor the evolution of the gender gaps
sustainably, complementing the official data sources. In particular, assessing
the labour market patterns at a subnational level in Italy. Our findings show
that the LinkedIn estimates accurately capture the gender disparities in Italy
regarding sociodemographic attributes such as gender, age, geographic location,
seniority, and industry category. At the same time, we assess data biases such
as the digitalisation gap, which impacts the representativity of the workforce
in an imbalanced manner, confirming that women are under-represented in
Southern Italy. Additionally to confirming the gender disparities to the
official census, LinkedIn estimates are a valuable tool to provide dynamic
insights; we showed an immigration flow of highly skilled women, predominantly
from the South. Digital surveillance of gender inequalities with detailed and
timely data is particularly significant to enable policymakers to tailor
impactful campaigns.Comment: 10 page
Expérimentations italiennes
Lâenseignement des langues Ă©trangĂšres bĂ©nĂ©ficie de lâimportante innovation apportĂ©e par la rĂ©forme concernant lâenseignement modulaire Ă lâĂ©cole Ă©lĂ©mentaire. Pour lâenseignement prĂ©coce des langues, des cours de formation diffĂ©renciĂ©s sont proposĂ©s aux enseignants, notamment dans le domaine de la linguistique, de la pĂ©dagogie et de lâinterculturel
When emergency medicine embraces palliative care
In Italy Emergency Medicine (EM) and Palliative Care (PC) are still considered two opposite disciplines with two opposite endpoints: saving lives for EM clinicians, and taking care of end-stage patients for palliative care physicians. According to the WHO, PC is "an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychological and spiritual. [...
Painful burning lesions on the chest wall of a patient with advanced breast cancer
A 90-year-old woman presented at our emergency department complaining of dyspnea (sO2 88% on room air, respiratory rate 24/min) and severe (NRS 8/10) burning chest pain. Ten years earlier, she had undergone a bilateral radical mastectomy and radio-chemotherapy for breast cancer. In September 2023, she developed some nodules on her chest skin treated with electrochemotherapy, multiple liver lesions, and a bilateral paraneoplastic pleural effusion
TAPHONOMIC ANALYSIS ON FOSSIL REMAINS FROM THE CIOTA CIARA CAVE (PIEDMONT, ITALY) AND NEW EVIDENCE OF CAVE BEAR AND WOLF EXPLOITATION WITH SIMPLE QUARTZ FLAKES BY NEANDERTHAL
The Ciota Ciara cave is located in the karst area of Monte Fenera (Borgosesia - VC) and, with the Ciotarun cave, it is the only Middle Palaeolithic site in Piedmont where the presence of Homo neanderthalensis has been confirmed by discoveries of human remains. Preliminary taphonomic and archaeozoological studies have been performed on a portion of the palaeontological remains from the Stratigraphic Unit 14 (1144 bones). The studies confirmed the presence of cut-marks on Ursus spelaeus and Canis lupus, made by lithic instruments. The position of the cut marks on the bones can be related to skinning and butchery. An experimental butchery has been performed to test the efficiency of the tools made by local quartz during slaughtering activities. The archaeozoological analysis of the faunal remains of S.U. 14, identified cut-marks with weak peculiarities, probably due to the use of quartz tools. The analysis of the experimental collection allowed distinguishing between cut-marks made by quartz tools from those made by flint tools. A preliminary experimentation, conducted on more than 50 different cut-marks made with flakes of three different raw materials (vein quartz, quartzite and flint), allow us to hypothesize that it is possible to distinguish cut-marks made with unretouched flakes of different raw materials
TAPHONOMIC ANALYSIS ON FOSSIL REMAINS FROM THE CIOTA CIARA CAVE (PIEDMONT, ITALY) AND NEW EVIDENCE OF CAVE BEAR AND WOLF EXPLOITATION WITH SIMPLE QUARTZ FLAKES BY NEANDERTHAL
The Ciota Ciara cave is located in the karst area of Monte Fenera (Borgosesia - VC) and, with the Ciotarun cave, it is the only Middle Palaeolithic site in Piedmont where the presence of Homo neanderthalensis has been confirmed by discoveries of human remains. Preliminary taphonomic and archaeozoological studies have been performed on a portion of the palaeontological remains from the Stratigraphic Unit 14 (1144 bones). The studies confirmed the presence of cut-marks on Ursus spelaeus and Canis lupus, made by lithic instruments. The position of the cut marks on the bones can be related to skinning and butchery. An experimental butchery has been performed to test the efficiency of the tools made by local quartz during slaughtering activities. The archaeozoological analysis of the faunal remains of S.U. 14, identified cut-marks with weak peculiarities, probably due to the use of quartz tools. The analysis of the experimental collection allowed distinguishing between cut-marks made by quartz tools from those made by flint tools. A preliminary experimentation, conducted on more than 50 different cut-marks made with flakes of three different raw materials (vein quartz, quartzite and flint), allow us to hypothesize that it is possible to distinguish cut-marks made with unretouched flakes of different raw materials
GiusBERTo: Italyâs AI-Based Judicial Transformation: A Teaching Case
In an age when open access to law enforcement files and judicial documents can erode individual privacy and confidentiality, miscreants can abuse this open access to personal information for blackmail, misinformation, and even social engineering. Yet, limiting access to law enforcement and court cases is a freedom-of-information violation.
To address this tension, this collaborative action-research-based teaching case exemplifies how Italyâs Corte dei Conti (Court of Auditors) used artificial intelligence in the automated deidentification and anonymization of court documents in Italyâs public sector.
This teaching case is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students learning about Artificial Intelligence (AI), Large Language Model (LLM) (e.g., ChatGPT) evolution, development, and operations. The case will help students learn the origin and evolution of AI transformer models and architectures, and discusses the GiusBERTo operation and process, highlighting opportunities and challenges. GiusBERTo, Italyâs custom-AI model, offers an innovative approach that walks a tightrope between anonymizing Italyâs judicial court documents without sacrificing context or information loss. The case ends with a series of questions, challenges, and potential for LLMs in data anonymization
Effetti della sommersione sul contenuto di pigmenti in Salicornia fruticosa L.: upscaling della risposta eco-fisiologica delle specie di barena ai cambiamenti globali
The Mousterian lithic assemblage of the Ciota Ciara cave (Piedmont, Northern Italy): Exploitation and conditioning of raw materials
The Ciota Ciara cave is situated in Monte Feneraâs karst (Borgosesia â Vercelli), at 670 metres above sea level. It is the most important evidence of a Middle Palaeolithic settlement in Piedmont: the cave was used by Homo neanderthalensis during the OIS 5, in a mild-humid period, as proven by faunal remains. The environment was characterized by deciduous woodland and glades. The intersection between different habitats, the presence of lithic raw materials, the karst morphology and water sources were certainly the main factors that encouraged human settlement during the Upper Pleistocene period, between 80.000 and 70.000 BP.In 2009 systematic excavations began in the cave by the University of Ferrara, in partnership with the Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici del Piemonte e del Museo di AntichitĂ Egizie. Research focused on the caveâs atrium where three stratigraphic units were investigated: 13, 103 and 14.The exploited raw materialsâ characterization were made by the stereo-microscope observations and through the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Several lithologies are represented in different proportion: quartz is the predominant exploited raw material, followed by spongolite, sandstone, mylonite and opal. The archaeological record consists of various typologies of quartz: macro-crystalline pegmatite quartz, micro-crystalline pegmatite quartz and hyaline quartz. All these types of raw materials have been found in the proximity of the archaeological site, within 5 km range.The lithic assemblage is made of flakes, retouched tools, cores and debris. The raw materials exploitation was achieved through the direct percussion technique with various methods: S.S.D.A., discoid and Levallois. The reduction sequences on quartz are complete, although no refitting was found. The reduction sequence is not complete for most part of the other raw materials. The dĂ©bitage products are small-medium size (1-4 cm) and have different morphologies.The use-wear analysis on quartzâs artefacts was carried out using the low power approach. The preservation state of the lithic assemblage is very good and no chemical, mechanical or post-depositional alterations are evident. The use-wear analysis shows a predominance of medium-hard and medium-soft materials processing.The lithic industries characteristics show the production strategies adaptation typical of the Middle Palaeolithic to the characteristics of the non-sedimentary raw materials
Systematic versus on-demand early palliative care: results from a multicentre, randomised clinical trial
Background Early palliative care (EPC) in oncology has been shown to have a positive impact on clinical outcome, quality-of-care outcomes, and costs. However, the optimal way for activating EPC has yet to be defined. Methods This prospective, multicentre, randomised study was conducted on 207 outpatients with metastatic or locally advanced inoperable pancreatic cancer. Patients were randomised to receive âstandard cancer care plus on-demand EPCâ (n = 100) or âstandard cancer care plus systematic EPCâ (n = 107). Primary outcome was change in quality of life (QoL) evaluated through the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy â Hepatobiliary questionnaire between baseline (T0) and after 12 weeks (T1), in particular the integration of physical, functional, and Hepatic Cancer Subscale (HCS) combined in the Trial Outcome Index (TOI). Patient mood, survival, relatives' satisfaction with care, and indicators of aggressiveness of care were also evaluated. Findings The mean changes in TOI score and HCS score between T0 and T1 were â4.47 and â0.63, with a difference between groups of 3.83 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10â7.57) (p = 0.041), and â2.23 and 0.28 (difference between groups of 2.51, 95% CI 0.40â4.61, p = 0.013), in favour of interventional group. QoL scores at T1 of TOI scale and HCS were 84.4 versus 78.1 (p = 0.022) and 52.0 versus 48.2 (p = 0.008), respectively, for interventional and standard arm. Until February 2016, 143 (76.9%) of the 186 evaluable patients had died. There was no difference in overall survival between treatment arms. Interpretations Systematic EPC in advanced pancreatic cancer patients significantly improved QoL with respect to on-demand EPC
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