Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase and immunoglobuline G levels of blood and milk in cows administered intramammary levamisole with subclinical mastitis

Bu çalışma subklinik mastitisli ineklere, immıınomodulatör etkisi olduğu bilinen levamizoliin meme içi uygulanmasının, kan ve sütte gkıtatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) aktiviteleri ve alkalen fosfataz (ALP) ve immunoglobulin G (IgG) düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini, 4-5 yaşlı 40 Holstein ırkı inek oluşturmuştur. Deneme ve kontrol grubunun balirlenmesi, sütte Kaliforniya mastitis test (California mastitis test-CMT) ve somatik hücre sayımı (somatic cell count-SCC) sonuçlarına göre yapılmıştır. CMT (-) ve SCC 300.000 olan 20 inek ise deneme grubunu oluşturmuştur, ineklerden levamizol uygulaması öncesi kan örnekleri vena jugularis'ten 10 mi, süt örnekleri ise her bir ineğin iki meme lobundan 20 mi alınmıştır. Kanlar 3000 rpm'de 10 dakika santrifüj edilmiş ve serumları ayrılmıştır. Sütlere l mi %0,3'lük peynir mayası eklenip, 37°C'lik su banyosunda 20 dakika bekletilerek pıhtı oluşumu sağlanmış ve 80 dakika sonra pıhtı çizilerek süt serumları ayrılmıştır. Kan ve süt serumlarında GSH-Px aklivitesi fotometrik SOD ile ALP aktivitesi spektrofotometrik, IgG düzeyi radial immıınodiffüzyon yöntemiyle ölçülmüştür, ineklere 6 gün boyunca, sabah sağımdan sonra meme içi 20 mi %4'lük levamizol uygulanmıştır. Uygulama periyodu sonunda kan ve süt örnekleri toplanarak, uygulama öncesi yapılan analizler tekrarlanmıştır. Levamizol uygulaması öncesinde, subklinik ınastilisli ineklerin kanında GSH-Px, SOD, ALP aktiviteleri ile IgG düzeyleri sırası ile 0,67 nmol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prol, 4,85 U/g-prot, 124, l U/L ve 27g/L olarak tespit edilmiştir. Uygulamadan sonra ise sırası ile 0,60 nmol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prot, 3,87 U/g-prot. 124.4 U/L ve 27g/L olarak bulunmuştur. Süt serumunda ise bu parametrelere ait değerlerin, uygulama öncesinde sırasıyla 0,78 nmol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prot, 21,5 U/g-prot, 591 U/L, 0,38 g/L, uygulama periyodu sonrasında ise sırası ile 0,22 mnol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prot, 10,4 U/g-prot, 596 U/L, 0,45g/L olduğu belirlenmiştir. Subklinik mastitisli ineklerde meme içi levamizol uygulamasının süt serumunda GSH-Px, bunun yanında kan ve süt serumunda SOD aktivitesini düşürdüğü (GSH-Px için p<0.01; SOD için p<0.001) anlaşılmıştır. ALP aktivitesi ve IgG düzeyleri mastitisli grupta kontrolden yüksek bulunmuştur ve levamizol uygulaması, her iki parametrenin değer artışına neden olmuştur.This study was carried out in order to determine the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phosphatase and immunoglobuline G in blood and milk after administration of intramammary levamisole known as immunomodulatory substance. Forty Holstein cows, 4-5 years of constituted the material of study. Control and trial group were formed according to the results of California mastitis test (CMT) and somatic cell count (SCC). Twenty cows with CMT (-) and SCC &lt; 300.000 defined as control group, CMT (+) and SCC &gt; 300.000 were trial group. Ten ml of blood samples were collected from vena jugularis and 20 ml of milk samples from two mammary lobes were collected just before administration of levamisole. Blood samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes and serum were separated. One ml 0.3% were added, curt was formed by incubating in water bath for 20 minutes and after 80 minutes by scratching the curt milk serum was obtained. Analysis of GSH-Px activity is done by photometric, SOD activity, ALP levels by spectrophotometric and IgG levels radial immunodiffusion method in blood and milk. Twenty ml 4% levamisole were administered to cows for 6 days on the mornings just after milking. After administration period same analysis were made to recollected blood and milk samples. Before levamisole administration, the activity ol GSH-Px and SOD, alkaline phosphatase activities and immunoglobuline G levels of blood in cows with subclinical mastitis were 0,83 nmol/NADPH+H+/min/mg-prot, 4,85 U/g-prot, 124.1U/L ve 27 g/L, respectively. After administration period is as follows 0,60 nmol/NADPH+H+/min/mg-prot, 3,87 U/g-prot, 124.4U/L ve 27g/L. Values of these parameters in milk serum were 0.78 nmol/NADPH+H+/min/mg-prot, 21,5 U/g-prot, 591 U/L, 0,38 g/L respectively before levamisole administration, 0,22 nmol/ NADPH +H+/min/mg-prot, 10,4 U/g-prot, 596 Ug/L, 0,45 g/L, respectively after administration period. Intramammarial administration of levamisole decreases the GSH-Px activity of milk serum also SOD activity of blood and milk serum (p values for GSH-Px and SOD p&lt;0.01 and p&lt;0.001, respectively). In trial group ALP activity and IgG levels in blood and milk serum was higher than control group as p&lt;0.01 and increased after levamisole administration

Serum biochemical values of Gazella subgutturosa in Ceylanpınar, Şanlıurfa, Turkey

Serum biochemical values were determined in clinically healty 12 adult (&gt;12 month) female Gazella subgutturosa in Ceylanpınar, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. In the present study, we determined the concentrations of glucose (72.4 &plusmn; 24.9 mg/dL), total bilirubin (0.31 &plusmn; 0.1 mg/dL), blood urea nitrogen (15.6 &plusmn; 4.39 mg/dL), creatinine (0.9 &plusmn; 0.07 mg/dL), uric acid (0.7 &plusmn; 0.33mg/dL), total protein (7.16 &plusmn; 0.33 g/dL), albumin (3.27 &plusmn; 0.47 g/dL), cholesterol (52.2 &plusmn; 12.72 mg/dL), triglyceride (51.24 &plusmn; 17.05 mg/dL) sodium (152.1 &plusmn; 4.79 mEq/L), potassium (5.08 &plusmn; 0.39 mEq/L), calcium (9.1 &plusmn; 0.84 mg/dL), phosphorous (6.6 &plusmn; 0.54 mg/dL), chloride (110 &plusmn; 3.0 mEq/L), magnesium (1.98 &plusmn; 0.08 mg/dL). Furthermore the activity of enzymes AST (189.8 &plusmn; 103.7 IU/L), ALT (12.20 &plusmn; 9.60 IU/L), ALP (103.8 &plusmn; 119.2 IU/L), GGT (50.8 &plusmn; 52.5 IU/L), LDH (520.6 &plusmn; 179.8 IU/L), CK (194.6 &plusmn; 113.8 IU/L), amylase (75.2 &plusmn; 32.8 IU/L) were measured. In conclusion we determined reference biochemical values and health status&amp;#8217; of Gazella subgutturosa in Ceylanpınar, Şanlıurfa, TurkeSerum biochemical values were determined in clinically healty 12 adult (&gt;12 month) female Gazella subgutturosa in Ceylanpınar, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. In the present study, we determined the concentrations of glucose (72.4 &plusmn; 24.9 mg/dL), total bilirubin (0.31 &plusmn; 0.1 mg/dL), blood urea nitrogen (15.6 &plusmn; 4.39 mg/dL), creatinine (0.9 &plusmn; 0.07 mg/dL), uric acid (0.7 &plusmn; 0.33mg/dL), total protein (7.16 &plusmn; 0.33 g/dL), albumin (3.27 &plusmn; 0.47 g/dL), cholesterol (52.2 &plusmn; 12.72 mg/dL), triglyceride (51.24 &plusmn; 17.05 mg/dL) sodium (152.1 &plusmn; 4.79 mEq/L), potassium (5.08 &plusmn; 0.39 mEq/L), calcium (9.1 &plusmn; 0.84 mg/dL), phosphorous (6.6 &plusmn; 0.54 mg/dL), chloride (110 &plusmn; 3.0 mEq/L), magnesium (1.98 &plusmn; 0.08 mg/dL). Furthermore the activity of enzymes AST (189.8 &plusmn; 103.7 IU/L), ALT (12.20 &plusmn; 9.60 IU/L), ALP (103.8 &plusmn; 119.2 IU/L), GGT (50.8 &plusmn; 52.5 IU/L), LDH (520.6 &plusmn; 179.8 IU/L), CK (194.6 &plusmn; 113.8 IU/L), amylase (75.2 &plusmn; 32.8 IU/L) were measured. In conclusion we determined reference biochemical values and health status&amp;#8217; of Gazella subgutturosa in Ceylanpınar, Şanlıurfa, Turk

Meme içi levamizol uygulanan subklinik mastitisli ineklerin sütlerinde laktoz, sodyum, potasyum ve klor seviyeleri

In this study, therapeutic effect of intramammary levamisole infusion in subclinically infected cows were evaluated. Totally, 4-5 years old Holstein breed 40 cows were used. Twenty cows with CMT (-) and SCC300,0()0 as control group and 20 cows with CMT () and SCC300,000 as trial group were used. Strong immunomodulatory substance levamisole administered 20 ml as 4% solution for 6 days intramammarial to the cows with subclinical mastitis and in which manner levels of lactose, sodium, potassium and chloride levels of immunoglobulin G affected was investigated. After administration of levamisole to the cows with subclinical mastitis, there was no change in lactose, sodium and potassium levels, but the levels of chloride was raised statistically as p0.01. It was found out that subclinical mastitis criteria in milk did not change after a 6 day intramammary levamisole administration to the cows with subclinical mastitis. Levamisole showed no healing effect on the spoiled ion balance and lactose synthesis during mammary tissue infections.Bu çalışmada subklinik mastitisli memelere uygulanan levamizolün iyileştirici etkisi araştırılmıştır. çalışmada 4-5 yaşlarında, Holstein ırkı toplam 40 inek kullanılmıştır. CMT (-) ve SCC300.000 olan 20 inek ise deneme grubunu oluşturmuştur. Subklinik mastitisli ineklere, güçlü immunomodülatör etkiye sahip olan levamizolün 20 mi %4'lük solüsyonu, meme içi 6 gün boyunca uygulanmış ve sütte laktoz, sodyum, potasyum ve klor düzeylerinin ne yönde etkilendiği araştırılmıştır. Subklinik mastitisli ineklerde, levamizol uygulanmasından sonra süt laktoz, sodyum ve potasyum düzeylerinde herhangi bir değişiklik olmamıştır (p>0.05). Klor düzeyleri istatistik! olarak p<0.01 düzeyinde artmıştır. Subklinik mastitisli ineklerde, meme içi, 6 gün boyunca levamizol uygulanmasından sonra sütteki subklinik mastitis kriterlerinin değişmediği belirlenmiştir. Meme dokusu enfeksiyonlarında, bozulan iyon dengesinde ve laktoz sentezinde, levamizol kullanımının iyileştirici etkisi olmadığı anlaşılmıştır

Osteopontin Concentration in Prostates Fractions: A Novel Marker of Sperm Quality in Dogs

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the sperm quality and the osteopontin (OPN) concentration in the prostates of Malakli shepherd dogs. Ejaculates were collected once by digital manipulation from 39 male dogs aged between 2 and 4 years and older. The first and third fractions of the ejaculate were centrifuged at 5000× g for 30 min, and supernatants were stored at −80 °C for further analysis of OPN using a double-antibody sandwich method (SEA899CA, Cloude-Clone Corp, Houston, TX, USA). Meanwhile, the second fractions were evaluated for sperm motility, concentration, viability, and rate of abnormal spermatozoa (head, acrosome, midpiece and tail abnormalities). The average concentration of OPN was 8.7 ± 5.2 ng/mL, and it differed significantly between the 1st 10.4 ± 5.3 ng/mL and 3rd 7.4 ± 5 ng/mL fractions. According to ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve) analysis, the OPN concentration had a better diagnostic ability for sperm motility (p p < 0.05). Additionally, the OPN concentration was negatively correlated with poor sperm morphology and motility. In conclusion, the OPN concentration in prostate-derived secretions may be a possible marker of sperm quality in dogs. Further research could explore the involvement of OPN in sperm motility during cryopreservation and in vivo fertility

Oxidative status of colitis-associated cancer model induced by azoxymethane /dextran sulfate sodium and the effects of COX-2 inhibitor in mice

SALMANOGLU, BERRIN/0000-0003-4344-5782; Meral, Ogunc/0000-0001-8813-4991WOS: 000484847800005Natural products and anti-inflammatory agents including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors which is a type of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are highly considerable interest for the prevention of carcinogenesis. The objective of this study is to evaluate the oxidative status of colitis-associated cancer induced by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and the effects of COX-2 inhibitor in mice. Totally 40 mice were randomized and divided to four groups. All animals except control and Cox-2 inhibitor alone group received AOM/DSS to establish colitis-associated cancer model as reported elsewhere. COX-2 preferential inhibitor meloxicam was used to minimize side effects such as gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Meloxicam were used (5mg/kg, intraperitoneal) three times a week with meloxicam alone and AOM/DSS + meloxicam group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP) which all of them are oxidative stress markers were measured by spectrophotometrically. The combination treatment of Meloxicam and AOM/DSS significantly increased (P<0.05) SOD activities in mice. GPx activities were found significantly increased (P<0.05) in Meloxicam and AOM/DSS combinations or alone. There were no differences between the control and treatment groups of MDA levels. AOPP levels of Meloxicam and AOM/DSS combination group were found higher than the other groups. Meloxicam and /or AOM/DSS treatment not caused lipid peroxidations, but increased the antioxidant enzymes and Advanced Oxidation Protein Products levels