Kaplan-Meier survival plot for male and female zebra finches.

<p>Kaplan-Meier survival plot for male and female zebra finches.</p

Rate of metabolic ageing in zebra finches as a function of residual values of BMR (mL O₂ h⁻¹).

<p>Metabolic ageing represents residual values of decline in BMR per year controlled for the effect of changes in body mass per year (for details; see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0108675#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>). Residual values of BMR are based on measurements conducted at one year of age. Dotted lines represent 95% confidence intervals.</p

The effect of residual BMR on the hazard ratio for the risk of death for male (A) and female (B) zebra finches.

<p>Reference value is mean residual BMR (i.e. zero). Rug plots at the base of the graph show the distribution of residual BMR values. Dotted lines represent 95% confidence intervals.</p

Basal metabolic rate (ml O₂ h⁻¹) of zebra finches in relation to body mass (g.), sex, age (years) and season of measurement.

<p>Results from a mixed model with bird identity included as a random effect.</p><p>N = 49, with 30 males and 19 females. Parameter estimates and 95% confidence interval (CI) only shown for parameters retained in the final model. Significance (<i>P</i>) is based on likelihood ratio test (LR).</p><p>Basal metabolic rate (ml O₂ h⁻¹) of zebra finches in relation to body mass (g.), sex, age (years) and season of measurement.</p

Result from a Cox proportional hazard survival analysis showing the effect of sex and BMR on survival of captive zebra finches.

<p>N = 132, with 66 males and 66 females. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) only shown for parameters retained in the final model. Significance (<i>P</i>) is based on likelihood ratio test (LR).</p><p>Result from a Cox proportional hazard survival analysis showing the effect of sex and BMR on survival of captive zebra finches.</p

Pedigree high

Pedigree for a house sparrow population on the island Leka in Norway, subjected to artificial selection to increase tarsus length (high). Includes phenotyped individuals alive in the years 2002-2012

Pedigree control

Pedigree for a house sparrow population at the island Hestmannøy in Norway. Includes phenotyped individuals alive in the years 2002-2012