ADR in aviation: European and national perspectives

The air transport sector generates the largest share of cross-border consumer complaints, as a proportion of complaints received by the ECC-Net. Since the foundation of the ECC-Net in 2005, air passenger claims have made up around one fifth of the total caseload most years. A pan-European framework of bodies that handle consumer to business disputes will be implemented through the consumer ADR directive.4 Taking these developments into consideration, the aviation industry is an interesting sector to study. This paper looks at dispute resolution for air passengers in the United Kingdom (UK) and Germany, as well as at European level

Charge migration in organic materials: Can propagating charges affect the key physical quantities controlling their motion?

Charge migration is a ubiquitous phenomenon with profound implications throughout many areas of chemistry, physics, biology and materials science. The long-term vision of designing functional materials with tailored molecular scale properties has triggered an increasing quest to identify prototypical systems where truly molecular conduction pathways play a fundamental role. Such pathways can be formed due to the molecular organization of various organic materials and are widely used to discuss electronic properties at the nanometer scale. Here, we present a computational methodology to study charge propagation in organic molecular stacks at nano and sub-nanoscales and exploit this methodology to demonstrate that moving charge carriers strongly affect the values of the physical quantities controlling their motion. The approach is also expected to find broad application in the field of charge migration in soft matter systems.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Israel Journal of Chemistr

Team Teaching in Secondary School Science: Techniqeus in Large and Small Group Instruction and the Use of Para-Professionals

In team teaching there are considerations that are basic to conducting a successful learning experience. In large and small group instruction certain techniques are used that can reduce the tension and anxiety of the team teacher. Just how these techniques are used will vary for the individual team teacher. How to secure and use para-professionals are also basic considerations in a team teaching program. According to this survey certain techniques can be effectively used in large groups (1). The school plant itself has undergone a remarkable change, Newly constructed schools can now accommodate larger and more effective classes, or the space can be used in smaller group instruction, or for independent study

Microcirculatory blood flow: Functional implications of a complex fluid

This paper was presented at the 3rd Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2011), which was held at the Makedonia Palace Hotel, Thessaloniki in Greece. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University of Thessaly, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute

Starling curves and central venous pressure

Recent studies challenge the utility of central venous pressure monitoring as a surrogate for cardiac preload. Starting with Starling’s original studies on the regulation of cardiac output, this review traces the history of the experiments that elucidated the role of central venous pressure in circulatory physiology. Central venous pressure is an important physiologic parameter, but it is not an independent variable that determines cardiac output

Effect of retwisting parameters of splicing on the retained splice strength

Effect of three crucial parameters of splicing, exclusivelyrelated to retwisting operation of splicing, namely air pressure,retwisting time and overlapping length on retained splicestrength (RSS) has been studied. During this study, theparameters related to untwisting are kept constant based on thevisual untwisting performance. Three-factor three-level Box-Behnken design is employed on three different cotton yarncounts (20s Ne, 40s Ne and 60s Ne), produced by ring spinning.Interactive effects of parameters have also been analyzedthrough contour plots and optimization conditions are achievedusing the statistical software called Minitab. The optimizationconditions can be used as a guide to set the splicer parameters. Itis observed that average retained splice strength of the yarnincreases with the increase in yarn count. Higher RSS can beobtained with the combination of lower compressed air pressurewith relatively higher retwisting time

Photoactivatable genetically encoded calcium indicators for targeted neuronal imaging.

Circuit mapping requires knowledge of both structural and functional connectivity between cells. Although optical tools have been made to assess either the morphology and projections of neurons or their activity and functional connections, few probes integrate this information. We have generated a family of photoactivatable genetically encoded Ca(2+) indicators that combines attributes of high-contrast photolabeling with high-sensitivity Ca(2+) detection in a single-color protein sensor. We demonstrated in cultured neurons and in fruit fly and zebrafish larvae how single cells could be selected out of dense populations for visualization of morphology and high signal-to-noise measurements of activity, synaptic transmission and connectivity. Our design strategy is transferrable to other sensors based on circularly permutated GFP (cpGFP)

Linear Amplifier Breakdown and Concentration Properties of a Gaussian Field Given that its L2\bm{L^2}-Norm is Large

In the context of linear amplification for systems driven by the square of a Gaussian noise, we investigate the realizations of a Gaussian field in the limit where its $L^2$-norm is large. Concentration onto the eigenspace associated with the largest eigenvalue of the covariance of the field is proved. When the covariance is trace class, the concentration is in probability for the $L^2$-norm. A stronger concentration, in mean for the sup-norm, is proved for a smaller class of Gaussian fields, and an example of a field belonging to that class is given. A possible connection with Bose-Einstein condensation is briefly discussed.Comment: REVTeX file, 11 pages, 1 added paragraph in the introduction, 2 added references, minor modifications in the text and abstract, submitted to J. Stat. Phy

Swimming in a Sea of JavaScript or: How I learned to Stop Worrying and Love High-Fidelity Replay

[First paragraph] Preserving and replaying modern web pages in high-fidelity has become an increasingly difficult task due to the increased usage of JavaScript. Reliance on server-side rewriting alone results in live-leakage and or the inability to replay a page due to the preserved JavaScript performing an action not permissible from the archive. The current state-of-the-art high fidelity archival preservation and replay solutions rely on handcrafted client-side URL rewriting libraries specifically tailored for the archive, namely Webrecoder\u27s and Pywb\u27s wombat.js [12]. Web archives not utilizing client-side rewriting rely on server-side rewriting that misses URLs used in a manner not accounted for by the archive or involve client-side execution of JavaScript by the browser