Application of Sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine as Modifier for Producing an Advantageous Concrete

في هذا المسعى الاستقصائي ، تم تطوير نوع جديد من الخرسانة يشتمل على تعديل الكبريت -2.4-ثنائي نيتروفينيل هيدرازين ، وتم استكشاف خصائصه المتنوعة. تم إنتاج هذه الخرسانة المبتكرة عن طريق تعديل الكبريت -2.4-ثنائي نيتروفينيل هيدرازين ومجموعة من المكونات. تم تصنيع الكبريت -2،4-دينيتروفينيل هيدرازين المعدّل والذي تم إنشاؤه حديثًا . تم فحص نسيج السطح الناتج باستخدام تقنيات SEM و .EDS تم احتساب نسب المكونات و الصفات الخرسانية والكيميائية والفيزيائية المشتقة من الكبريت -2.4-ثنائي نيتروفينيل هيدرازين المعدل ، المقاومة الكيميائية ومقاومة التآكل للخرسانة ، ثبات الخرسانة ضد امتصاص الماء ، مقاومة الخرسانة ضد التجمد ، الخصائص الفيزيائية والميكانيكية ، المتانة ، معامل المرونة ، وتم تقييم معامل التمدد الحراري للخرسانة المشبعة بالكبريت. أثبتت النتائج أن قيمة معامل التمدد الحراري للخرسانة المعدلة للكبريت -2.4-دينيتروفينيل هيدرازين كانت 14.8 × 10-6.0 درجة مئوية. كان متوسط ​​التشوه للخرسانة التي تم تحليلها 0.0026-0.0051 ، مما يشير إلى أداء تشوه متفوق مقارنة بالخرسانة التقليدية. أظهرت الخرسانة ذات الأحجام التراكمية الأصغر كثافة أكبر، 2283 كجم / م 3. تناقصت كثافة الخرسانة تدريجياً مع زيادة حجم الركام. كان ثبات الخرسانة المعدلة الكبريت -2 ، 4-دينيتروفينيل هيدرازين مرتفعًا بشكل ملحوظ في مختلف البيئات غير المناسبة . كشف تحليل EDS أن ذرات الكربون شكلت 56.63٪ من الكتلة الكلية ، بينما شكل الكبريت 33.91٪ من الكتلة الكلية. أظهرت نتائج SEM التي تم الحصول عليها أن معدل الكبريت -2.4-ثنائي نيتروفينيل هيدرازين أظهر بنية مسامية أكثر ، خالية من التكوينات البلورية. شهد تعديل الكبريت -2 ، 4-دينيتروفينيل هيدرازين خسارة الكتلة الحرارية على مرحلة واحدة ، مع فقدان الكتلة التي تكون ماصة للحرارة بطبيعتها. تحققت نتائج الأشعة تحت الحمراء من وجود مجموعات وظيفية أمينية (حلقة ميلامين متصلة) وإنشاء سلاسل كبريت بوليمر.In this investigative endeavor, a novel concrete variety incorporating sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modification was developed, and its diverse attributes were explored. This innovative concrete was produced using sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modification and an array of components. The newly created sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modifier was synthesized. The surface texture resulting from this modifier was examined using SEM and EDS techniques. The component ratios within concrete, chemical and physical traits derived from the sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modifier, chemical and corrosion resistance of concrete, concrete stability against water absorption, concrete resilience against freezing, physical and mechanical properties, durability, elastic modulus, and thermal expansion coefficient of the examined sulfur-infused concrete were assessed. The acquired results also substantiated that the thermal expansion coefficient value for sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modified concrete was 14.8×10-6/0C. The average deformation of the analyzed concrete was 0.0026-0.0051, indicating a superior deformation performance compared to conventional concretes. Concrete with smaller aggregate sizes exhibited greater density, specifically 2283 kg/m3. The concrete density decreased gradually with an increase in aggregate size. The stability of sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modified concrete was remarkably high in various aggressive environments. EDS analysis revealed that carbon atoms constituted 56.63% of the total mass, while sulfur made up 33.91% of the total mass. The obtained SEM outcomes demonstrated that the sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modifier exhibited a more porous structure, devoid of crystalline formations. The sulfur-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modification experienced a single-stage thermal mass loss, with the mass loss events being endothermic in nature. The IR findings verified the presence of amino functional groups (connected melamine ring) and the establishment of polymer sulfur chains

Polymerization of Acrylamide N-methylene Lactic and Glycolic Acid

  الهدف من الدراسة هو تصنيع بوليمرات جديدة (أكريلاميد N- ميثيلين اللاكتيك وحمض الجليكوليك) المشتقة من أحماض الهيدروكسي الطبيعية من خلال البلمرة الجذرية لمادة الأكريلاميد المستبدلة بـ N ، لاستكشاف التحول الكيميائي لبولي أكريلاميد ، وللتحقق من بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية لمادة البولي أكريلاميد. البوليمرات الناتجة. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، يهدف البحث إلى تحديد التطبيقات الواعدة لهذه البوليمرات. لتجميع البوليمرات المحبة للماء الحساسة لدرجة الحموضة. ومن ثم ، تم إنشاء أكريلاميدو-إن-ميثيلين جليكوليك وأحماض اللبنيك أكريلاميدو-إن-ميثيلين لأول مرة باستخدام أحماض الهيدروكسي الطبيعية كأساس. تم التعرف على هياكل هذه المونومرات المركبة من خلال التحليل الطيفي للأشعة تحت الحمراء وطرق التحليل الفيزيائية والكيميائية المختلفة. تمت دراسة حركية البلمرة الجذرية للأكريلاميدو- N- ميثيلين جليكوليك وأحماض اللبنيك أكريلاميدو- N- ميثيلين في المحاليل المائية. أثبتت الاختبارات البيولوجية التي أجريت على حمض اللاكتيك بولي أكريلاميدو-إن-ميثيلين إمكاناته كمحفز لنمو النبات.In this research work, the novel polymer base on acrylamide N-methylene lactic and glycolic acid was synthesized and its structural performances were identified by the IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic investigations. The influencing factors and kinetics of polymerization, viscosity performance were studied and quantum chemical calculations were used to identify the correlation between the structure and properties. It was determined that the polymerization rate of the examined monomers in an aqueous solution, in the presence of DAA, adheres to the standard rules for radical polymerization of acrylamide monomers in solution. An investigation into the pH solution's impact on the kinetics of radical polymerization of acrylamido-N-methylene glycolic and acrylamido-N-methylene lactic acids revealed an extreme dependence with a minimum in a neutral medium. It was found the linear correlation between pH and viscosity. The physical and chemical performance of this polymer depends on the structural parameters related the results of quantum chemical calculation. Biological tests conducted on polyacrylamido-N-methylene lactic acid indicated its potential as a plant growth stimulator. The polymeric form of lactic acid was found to enhance the growth of Dustlik variety wheat seedlings by 40% more efficiently than lactic acid alone

New anti-corrosion inhibitor (3ar,6ar)-3a,6a-di-p-tolyltetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1 h,3h)-dithione for carbon steel in 1 M HCl medium: gravimetric, electrochemical, surface and quantum chemical analyses

The inhibition of (3ar,6ar)-3a,6a-di-p-tolyltetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-2,5(1 h,3h)-dithione (TTHIIDT) for carbon steel was full characterized in a 1 M hydrochloride acid environment at various inhibitor concentrations and temperatures by the gravimetric, electrochemical, surface and quantum chemical analyses. The obtained results confirmed that the inhibition efficiency of TTHIIDT was over 95–97% and nearly stable in the rise of temperature and concentration; TTHIIDT was mixed type inhibitor and effectively influenced both anodic and cathodic corrosion reactions; a protective hydrophobic thin layer of this inhibitor on the carbon steel surface is more stable and non soluble in 1 M HCl medium; this inhibitor adsorbed endothermically on the carbon steel surface by the chemical and physical adsorption processes. The quantum chemical calculations supported the experimental results and showed that the inhibition efficiency is depends on the structure of inhibitor

Visible-Light-driven Photocatalytic Properties of Copper(I) Oxide (Cu2O) and Its Graphene-based Nanocomposites

In this study, an improved process was proposed for the synthesis of structure-controlled Cu2O nanoparticles, using a simplified wet chemical method at room temperature. A chemical solution route was established to synthesize Cu2O crystals with various sizes and morphologies. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of Cu2O nanoparticles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, SEM (scanning electron microscope), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. By adjusting the aqueous mixture solutions of NaOH and NH2OH•HCl, the synthesis of Cu2O crystals with different morphology and size could be realized. Strangely, it was found that the change in the ratio of de-ionized water and NaOH aqueous solution led to the synthesis of Cu2O crystals of different sizes, while the morphology of Cu2O crystals was not affected. The synthesized Cu2O crystal samples were used as photocatalysts for methyl orange (MO) dye decomposition, as a model molecule, to evaluate the photocatalytic activities. However, under 200 watts of a visible light source, there are four samples with and without graphene-based nanocomposite of Cu2O NPs. The results showed that, compared with roughly spherical, irregular but thick plates, brick and small granule spheres shaped Cu2O nanoparticles provided better activity. The Cu2O sample with irregular but thick platelet-like shapes, having an average particle size of 0.53 µm, exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity (99.08% degradation). In addition, by reducing the size of Cu2O particles and preparing their graphene composition, one can fabricate a sample (Cu2-Cu2Gr) with the highest efficiency which has significantly better photocatalytic activity in comparison to the others. This work represents an innovative strategy for pre-the-case production of nanomaterials with shapes and sizes, that is, Cu2O crystals, with excellent photocatalytic activity through compositing with graphen

Investigation the Influence of adding Nano –Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia (NZrO2-5wt%YPSZ) on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete

Building materials showed remarkable progress, as many methods were used to enhance their properties, such as nanomaterials which have played a major role in this field. This research reveals the complex integration of nano-zirconi (NZrO2-5wt%YPSZ). as with concrete and its effect on the different mechanical properties. The main objective of this research is to reduce the porosity of concrete by adding doses of nano-zirconia to the concrete mixture to enhance the microstructure, which enhances its mechanical properties. The results showed that the addition of nano-zirconia decreased concrete slump, and also increased the rates of absorption and porosity due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles. The compressive strength increased to reach 30, 47.5, and 60 MPa at the ages of 7, 28, and 90 days, respectively. The splitting tensile strength increased when the zirconia content was increased, reaching its highest level when substituting 0.7wt% when compared with the reference mixture. In summary, the current study sheds light on the effect of nano-zirconia on the mechanical properties of concrete by filling the pores, which enhances its microstructure because it reshapes the complex texture of the concrete mixture

Electrospun highly corrosion-resistant polystyrene–nickel oxide superhydrophobic nanocomposite coating

A key challenge in producing superhydrophobic coatings (SHC) is to tailor the surface morphology on the micro-nanometer scale. In this work, a feasible and straightforward route was employed to manufacture polystyrene/nickel oxide (PSN) nanocomposite superhydrophobic coatings on aluminum alloys to mitigate their corrosion in a saline environment. Different techniques were employed to explore the influence of the addition of NiO nanoparticles to the as-prepared coatings. PSN-2 composite with ~ 4.3 wt% of NiO exhibited the highest water contact angle (WCA) of 155° ± 2 and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of 5°. Graphic abstract: EIS Nyquist plots of 3 g of electrospun polystyrene coatings (a) without and with (b) 0.1, (c) 0.15, and (d) 0.2 g of NiO. [Figure not available: see fulltext.