Čarobni trikovi s adutom rase: Teorija konceptualne integracije i politički diskurs

The paper examines the use of creative figurative language in American political discourse. In particular, the paper focuses on the use of the expression to play the race card and the creative figurative language motivated by the use of this expression in the contemporary American political discourse. The aim of this paper is to show that conventional metaphors can be creatively stretched through conceptual blending, producing instances of creative figurative language which contributes to achieving different discourse goals and discourse coherence. Specifically, applying conceptual integration theory, the paper analyzes innovative conceptual blends, motivated by the conventional CARD GAME metaphor, which are used to achieve different discourse goals. In addition, such creative metaphorical blends also provide discourse coherence at the intertextual level.Rad istražuje uporabu kreativnog figurativnog jezika u američkom političkom diskursu fokusirajući se na uporabu izraza to play the race card i kreativnog figurativnog jezika potaknutog uporabom tog izraza. Cilj je ovoga rada pokazati da konvencionalne metafore mogu biti kreativno elaborirane u konceptualnoj integraciji proizvodeći kreativni figurativni jezik koji doprinosi povezivanju teksta i prenošenju retoričkih poruka. Primjenjujući teoriju konceptualne integracije, rad analizira inovativne konceptualne blendove, motivirane konvencionalnom metaforom KARTAŠKE IGRE, koji se koriste kako bi oživjeli političke rasprave, ali i promicali određene političke ideje. Također, kreativni metaforički blendovi doprinose povezanosti teksta na intertekstualnoj razini, povezujući različite dijelove diskursa

Čarobni trikovi s adutom rase: Teorija konceptualne integracije i politički diskurs

The paper examines the use of creative figurative language in American political discourse. In particular, the paper focuses on the use of the expression to play the race card and the creative figurative language motivated by the use of this expression in the contemporary American political discourse. The aim of this paper is to show that conventional metaphors can be creatively stretched through conceptual blending, producing instances of creative figurative language which contributes to achieving different discourse goals and discourse coherence. Specifically, applying conceptual integration theory, the paper analyzes innovative conceptual blends, motivated by the conventional CARD GAME metaphor, which are used to achieve different discourse goals. In addition, such creative metaphorical blends also provide discourse coherence at the intertextual level.Rad istražuje uporabu kreativnog figurativnog jezika u američkom političkom diskursu fokusirajući se na uporabu izraza to play the race card i kreativnog figurativnog jezika potaknutog uporabom tog izraza. Cilj je ovoga rada pokazati da konvencionalne metafore mogu biti kreativno elaborirane u konceptualnoj integraciji proizvodeći kreativni figurativni jezik koji doprinosi povezivanju teksta i prenošenju retoričkih poruka. Primjenjujući teoriju konceptualne integracije, rad analizira inovativne konceptualne blendove, motivirane konvencionalnom metaforom KARTAŠKE IGRE, koji se koriste kako bi oživjeli političke rasprave, ali i promicali određene političke ideje. Također, kreativni metaforički blendovi doprinose povezanosti teksta na intertekstualnoj razini, povezujući različite dijelove diskursa

The IMMIGRANTS ARE ANIMALS metaphor as a deliberate metaphor in British and Bosnian-Herzegovinian media

Applying MIPVU (Steen et al., 2010) to the corpus of media articles about the European migrant crisis in the period from August 2015 until March 2016 in English and Bosnian/Cro-atian/Serbian, this paper analyzes the IMMIGRANTS ARE ANIMALS metaphor within the frame-work of the deliberate metaphor theory by considering the three dimensions of this metaphor, namely, the linguistic dimension of (in)directness, the conceptual parameter of conventionality, and the communicative dimension of (non)deliberateness. Specifically, the paper examines the use of the ANIMALS metaphor as a deliberate metaphor in the immigration discourse in English and Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian. The paper aims to determine to what extent and in which situations the authors of the texts tend to divert the addressee’s attention to viewing immigrants in terms of animals. Using the IDeM protocol for the identification of deliberate metaphor (Krennmayr, 2011), the paper also focuses on the rhetorical potential and the effects of the use of deliberate metaphors in the media discourse. Such metaphors are often used in the media discourse to dehumanize immigrants and consequently reduce the addressee’s empathy for them

A marriage of convenience or an amicable divorce: Metaphorical blends in the debates on Brexit

The paper investigates the interaction of conceptual blending and conceptual metaphor in producing figurative creativity in discourse. The phenomenon of figurative creativity is defined by Kövecses (2005) as creativity arising through the cognitive mechanisms of metonymy, metaphor, and blending. Specifically, the paper examines the use of creative figurative language in the British public discourse on the topic on Brexit. The aim of this paper is to show that conventional metaphors can be creatively stretched through conceptual blending, producing instances of creative figurative language. Specifically, applying blending theory, we will analyse innovative conceptual blends, motivated by the conventional MARRIAGE/DIVORCE metaphor. In addition, the paper also examines the way in which creative figurative language produced in metaphorical blends provides discourse coherence at intertextual and intratextual levels

ESTIMATION OF STRAY LOSSES IN POWER TRANSFORMERS USING 3D FEM AND STATISTICS

Total losses of a power transformer are subdivided in several distinctive parts. The I2R losses are easy to calculate and can be precise to a level of measurement repeatability and tolerances of the guaranteed material properties. The additional losses inside the windings can be calculated almost with the same precision using analytic methods. The third part of the load losses that consists of stray losses is the smallest and the most difficult to estimate. However, stray losses estimation is very important in the design phase of a power transformer. Not only because the guaranteed design parameters have to be satisfied, but also the utmost care has to be taken that local losses density across the power transformer does not exceed levels that are permissible in the long term loading conditions of a transformer. The additional losses estimation process presented in this paper models the additional losses level in a transformer as a unit

PREDSJEDNIK I ZMIJA: POLITIČKA SATIRA I TEORIJA KONCEPTUALNE INTEGRACIJE

Applying conceptual blending theory, the paper analyses the construction of the meaning of a satirical text ridiculing the language employed by politicians to frame the debate on current political and social issues. In particular, it focuses on the language used by Donald Trump in explaining his anti-immigration stances through a poem based on the fable about the farmer and the viper, and a satirical text providing a new version of the poem, which criticizes Trump’s immigration policy. The paper examines the creation of the humorous meaning of the text in conceptual blending. The humorous meaning is created in the blended space due to the unusual combination of related structures, which results in incongruity (Coulson 2002; Marín-Arrese 2003). Furthermore, as blending can be used as a rhetorical tool influencing the audience to change the reality and even act upon it (Coulson 2006; Coulson & Oakley 2006; Coulson & Pascual 2006; Oakley & Coulson 2008), the analysis of the construction of the meaning of the satirical text as a product of conceptual blending can reveal rhetorical and argumentative goals in political discourse.Primjenjujući teoriju konceptualne integracije, u ovom se radu analizira nastajanje značenja satiričkog teksta koji ismijava jezik kojim se koriste političari kako bi uobličili rasprave o trenutačnim političkim i društvenim problemima. Rad se bavi jezikom kojim se koristi Donald Trump kako bi predstavio svoje antiimigracijske stavove pjesmom temeljenom na basni o farmeru i zmiji i satiričnim tekstom koji daje novu verziju pjesme, te kritizira Trumpovu politiku vezanu za imigraciju. Rad istražuje nastajanje humorističnog značenja ovog teksta u konceptualnoj integraciji. Ovo značenje nastaje u integriranom prostoru zbog neobične kombinacije povezanih struktura što rezultira nastajanjem nekongruentnosti u integriranom prostoru (Coulson 2002; Marín-Arrese 2003). Nadalje, kako se blending može koristiti kao retoričko sredstvo koje može utjecati na javnost da promijeni stvarnost, čak i da djeluje (Coulson 2006; Coulson i Oakley 2006; Coulson i Pascual 2006; Oakley i Coulson 2008), analiza nastajanja značenja ovog satiričnog teksta kao proizvoda konceptualne integracije može otkriti retoričke ciljeve u političkom diskurs

The impact of wood variability on the drying rate at different moisture content levels

Variability in wood properties causes boards within a stack of lumber to dry at different rates and reach different moisture content levels after drying is completed. The consequence is that the boards will have properties that differ from ones that were intended to be achieved by the drying process. The impact of basic density, initial moisture content, percentage of heartwood, position of heartwood within a board, ring count, distance from the pith, growth ring angle, chemical composition of wood volatile compounds, earlywood and latewood coverage of board faces on the drying behavior was investigated for western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) lumber. Board weights were monitored during drying at 80°C and 115°C to obtain the drying rate. Mathematical relations for the effect of wood properties and board geometric features related to the position within its parental log were developed to predict the drying rate at four moisture content levels. These relations were used for predicting the drying times of individual boards which were used as a criterion for sorting green boards prior to drying. Basic density, initial moisture content, heartwood percentage, and growth ring angle were found to affect drying rate at 80°C and initial moisture content only at 115°C. The calculated final moisture content distributions for nonpresorted and presorted boards using the results from low temperature drying indicated that presorting reduced the standard deviation of the final moisture content distribution by 65%. The composition of head space volatiles appeared to be predictive of the final moisture reached by boards and with further development might be useful for presorting

Gender of Nouns in Case of Loan Words in the German Language

Rad ne sadrži sažetak

DIJAGNOSTIČKA VRIJEDNOST SREDNJEG VOLUMENA, BROJA TROMBOCITA I TROMBOKRITA U AKUTNOJ EMBOLIJI PLUĆA

UVOD: Trombociti imaju važnu ulogu u patogenezi tromboza, pa tako i plućne embolije, prije svega što su agregacija i stvaranje trombocitnih agregata dominantni u plućnoj emboliji. Veličina trombocita je povećana u razdoblju nakon tromboembolijskog incidenta, no značaj trombokrita i broja trombocita u plućnoj emboliji je nedovoljno poznat. CILJ: Ispitati dijagnostičku vrijednost srednjeg volumena trombocita, broja trombocita i trombokrita u dijagnozi akutne plućne embolije. ISPITANICI I METODE: U istraživanje je bilo uključeno 30 bolesnika koji su pri prijamu u bolnicu imali visoku sumnju na plućnu emboliju. Dijagnoza je potvrđena na osnovu promjena u elektrokardiogramu, povišenih vrijednosti D-dimera, računalnom višeslojnom tomografijom angiografijom, te scintigrafijom pluća. U bolesnika smo pratili broj trombocita, njihov srednji volumen, raspodjelu trombocita po volumenu, te udio trombocita u venskoj krvi (trombokrit). Kontrolnu skupinu su činili bolesnici dijabetičari, reumatološki bolesnici i bolesnici s hipertenzijom, koji su imali normalne vrijednosti D-dimera i nisu imali pridružena tromboembolijska stanja. REZULTATI: Prosječna životna dob svih ispitanika u istraživanju bila je 70,65±11,58 godina. Prosječna vrijednost D-dimera u ispitivanoj skupini je iznosila 3465±1190, što je bilo statistički značajno povećanje u odnosu na referentnu vrijednost (p<0,01). Ispitna i kontrolna skupina nisu se značajno razlikovale prema ukupnom broju trombocita u krvi (p=0,065). Srednji volumen trombocita nije se značajno razlikovao između ispitne i kontrolne skupine (p=0,100). Isto tako, između promatranih skupina nije bilo razlike u indeksu raspodjele trombocita po volumenu (p=0,327). U ispitnoj skupini, udio trombocita u krvi (trombokrit) bio je značajno manji nego u kontrolnoj skupini (p=0,044). ZAKLJUČAK: Trombokrit je bio značajno smanjen u skupini bolesnika s akutnom plućnom embolijom,dok se vrijednosti trombocita, njihovog srednjeg volumena i raspodjela trombocita po volumenu nisu značajno razlikovali u bolesnika s akutnom plućnom embolijom u odnosu na bolesnike u kontrolnoj skupini

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis

Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis is one of the most dreaded complications of mechanical heart valves. Suboptimal anticoagulation is the major risk for developing prosthetic heart valve thrombosis. Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis usually presents with dyspnea or embolic events1. We present patient with prosthetic heart valve thrombosis without any symptoms, diagnosed via transthoracic echocardiography twenty days after mitral valve replacement during regular echocardiograph follow-up. In the medical history we obtained the information that the patient didn’t take anticoagulation drugs for five days after hospital discharge. Transthoracic echocardiography control revealed reduced leaflet mobility and high transvalvular gradients: MV maxPG 22mmHg, MV meanPG 12mmHg (Figure 1). Transesophageal echocardiography showed the presence of thrombus on prosthetic valve measuring 11x7 mm. Patient was readmitted to the hospital and treated with thrombolytic drug alteplase. According to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines fibrinolysis can be considered in a thrombosed left-sided prosthetic heart valve, which is of recent onset (<14 days) with class I-II symptoms and a small thrombus on transesophageal echocardiography. Control echocardiography after treatment (Figure 2) showed MV meanPG 3.9mmHg and normal mobility of mitral valve. Successful thrombolytic therapy was followed by warfarin and intravenous unfractionated heparin until the INR is 3-4. Current American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines assign Class I recommendation to transthoracic echocardiography or transesophageal echocardiography imaging in patient with prosthetic valve only in the presence of clinical symptoms or sings of valve dysfunction. Pathological studies and observational registries indicate that the risk of valve thrombosis highest in the first 3 month after surgical implantation of prosthetic valve, suggesting that anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis in this time frame may be beneficial.2 Early follow up after surgical implantation is important because early detection and treatment of thrombus formation may lead to shortterm reduction in the risk of TE events and long-term prevention of prosthetic valve degeneration