Intestinal helminthiasis: Retrospective study at Parasitology Laboratory from Pasteur Institute of Cte d’Ivoire

The intestinal helminthiasis due to soil-transmitted helminths (STH) is a cause of morbidity in the world, especially in the poor and tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa. It leads to real problem of global public health importance. In order to update data about the intestinal helminthiasis, an 11 year retrospective study has been carried out. This work precisely run from 2005 to 2016 and was based on the data about intestinal helminthiasis parasitological diagnosis fulfilled in the Parasitology Unit of Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire. The data used for this study were obtained from an office access computer designed database. All the sample results recorded from the diagnosis were analyzed. Of 3,600 patients received 36 were positive to intestinal helminths (1.1%). Sex ratio was 0.83 (45.3% males, 54.7% females) with an average age of 33.8 (standard deviation = 19.1 years). The patients aged from 30 to 45 were the most infected (p = 0.011). The helminth species identified were of Trichuris trichiura (17.1%), hookworms (19.5%), Strongyloides stercoralis (21.9%) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (19.5%). This study shows that the intestinal helminthiasis has just recently decreased in Côte d’Ivoire. The health system authorities must raise more awareness campaigns of the albendazole systematic use in massive treatment in order to reach the utter eradication of these parasitic diseases.Keywords: Intestinal helminthiasis; positivity rate; Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoir

Malaria parasite clearance from patients following artemisinin-based combination therapy in Côte d’Ivoire

Offianan Andre Toure,1 Tiacoh N’Guessan Landry,1 Serge Brice Assi,2,3 Antoinette Amany Kone,1 Eric Adji Gbessi,1 Berenger Aristide Ako,1 Baba Coulibaly,1 Bouakary Kone,4 Oumar Ouattara,4 Sylvain Beourou,1 Alphonsine Koffi,2 Franck Remoue,2,5 Christophe Rogier6 1Malariology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire; 2Malaria and Anopheles Research and Management Unit, Pierre Richet Institute, Bouake, Côte d’Ivoire; 3National Malaria Control Program, Bouake, Côte d’Ivoire; 4Department of Medicine, Health Care Center of Dar-Es-Salam, Bouake, Côte d’Ivoire; 5UMR 224-MIVEGEC, Research Development Institute, Montpellier, France; 6Army Health Department, Paris, France Introduction: Parasite clearance is useful to detect artemisinin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate parasite clearance in patients treated with artesunate + amodiaquine (AS + AQ) and artemether + lumefantrine (AL): the two artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) recommended in the first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Côte d’Ivoire.Methods: This study was conducted in Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, from April to June 2016. Patients aged at least 6 months with uncomplicated malaria and treated with AS + AQ or AL were hospitalized for 3 days, and follow-up assessments were performed on days 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42. Blood smears were collected at the time of screening, pre-dose, and 6-hour intervals following the first dose of administration until two consecutive negative smears were recorded, thereafter at day 3 and follow-up visits. Parasite clearance was determined using the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network’s parasite clearance estimator. The primary end points were parasite clearance rate and time.Results: A total of 120 patients (57 in the AS + AQ group and 63 in the AL group) were randomized among 298 patients screened. The median parasite clearance time was 30 hours (IQR, 24–36 hours), for each ACT. The median parasite clearance rate had a slope half-life of 2.36 hours (IQR, 1.85–2.88 hours) and 2.23 hours (IQR, 1.74–2.63 hours) for AS + AQ and AL, respectively. The polymerase chain reaction-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response was 100% and 98.07% at day 42 for AS + AQ and AL, respectively.Conclusion: Patients treated with AS + AQ and AL had cleared parasites rapidly. ACTs are still efficacious in Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire, but continued efficacy monitoring of ACTs is needed. Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum, ACTs, parasite clearance, Côte d’Ivoir

Malaria parasite clearance from patients following artemisinin-based combination therapy in Cote d'Ivoire

Introduction: Parasite clearance is useful to detect artemisinin resistance. The aim o f this study was to investigate parasite clearance in patients treated with artesunate + amodiaquine (AS + AQ) and artemether + lumefantrine (AL): the two artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) recommended in the first-line treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Cote d'Ivoire. Methods: This study was conducted in Bouake, Cote d'Ivoire, from April to June 2016. Patients aged at least 6 months with uncomplicated malaria and treated with AS + AQ or AL were hospitalized for 3 days, and follow-up assessments were performed on days 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42. Blood smears were collected at the time of screening, pre-dose, and 6-hour intervals following the first dose of administration until two consecutive negative smears were recorded, thereafter at day 3 and follow-up visits. Parasite clearance was determined using the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network's parasite clearance estimator. The primary end points were parasite clearance rate and time. Results: A total of 120 patients (57 in the AS + AQ group and 63 in the AL group) were randomized among 298 patients screened. The median parasite clearance time was 30 hours (IQR, 24-36 hours), for each ACT The median parasite clearance rate had a slope half-life of 2.36 hours (IQR, 1.85-2.88 hours) and 2.23 hours (IQR, 1.74-2.63 hours) for AS + AQ and A L, respectively. The polymerase chain reaction-corrected adequate clinical and parasitological response was 100% and 98.07% at day 42 for AS + AQ and AL, respectively. Conclusion: Patients treated with AS + AQ and AL had cleared parasites rapidly. ACTs are still efficacious in Bouake, Cote d'Ivoire, but continued efficacy monitoring of ACTs is needed