1,574 research outputs found
Multi-Party Pseudo-Telepathy
Quantum entanglement, perhaps the most non-classical manifestation of quantum
information theory, cannot be used to transmit information between remote
parties. Yet, it can be used to reduce the amount of communication required to
process a variety of distributed computational tasks. We speak of
pseudo-telepathy when quantum entanglement serves to eliminate the classical
need to communicate. In earlier examples of pseudo-telepathy, classical
protocols could succeed with high probability unless the inputs were very
large. Here we present a simple multi-party distributed problem for which the
inputs and outputs consist of a single bit per player, and we present a perfect
quantum protocol for it. We prove that no classical protocol can succeed with a
probability that differs from 1/2 by more than a fraction that is exponentially
small in the number of players. This could be used to circumvent the detection
loophole in experimental tests of nonlocality.Comment: 11 pages. To be appear in WADS 2003 proceeding
Recommended from our members
Spectroscopy of ultrathin epitaxial rutile TiO[sub 2](110) films grown on W(100)
Epitaxial ultrathin titanium dioxide films of 0.3 to similar to 7 nm thickness on a metal single crystal substrate have been investigated by high resolution vibrational and electron spectroscopies. The data complement previous morphological data provided by scanned probe microscopy and low energy electron diffraction to provide very complete characterization of this system. The thicker films display electronic structure consistent with a stoichiometric TiO2 phase. The thinner films appear nonstoichiometric due to band bending and charge transfer from the metal substrate, while work function measurements also show a marked thickness dependence. The vibrational spectroscopy shows three clear phonon bands at 368, 438, and 829 cm(-1) (at 273 K), which confirms a rutile structure. The phonon band intensity scales linearly with film thickness and shift slightly to lower frequencies with increasing temperature, in accord with results for single crystals. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics
Recommended from our members
Promoting women's health in Texas: suggestions for maximizing the benefits of the Women's Health Program
This thesis presents a collection of recommendations on how to increase participation in a Texas Medicaid family planning program, called the Texas Women’s Health Program, or WHP. Based on findings discovered during a series of thirteen elite interviews, these suggestions range from communications strategies, such as preferred media channels, to general policy and program implementation recommendations. A review of marketing and health communication literature was also employed as a means of supporting and complementing interview findings. Set in the bitter family planning climate of a Bible-belt state, this study provides an in-depth look at how public health policies and outreach efforts can be improved by taking a marketing approach.Advertisin
Largest separable balls around the maximally mixed bipartite quantum state
For finite-dimensional bipartite quantum systems, we find the exact size of
the largest balls, in spectral norms for , of
separable (unentangled) matrices around the identity matrix. This implies a
simple and intutively meaningful geometrical sufficient condition for
separability of bipartite density matrices: that their purity \tr \rho^2 not
be too large. Theoretical and experimental applications of these results
include algorithmic problems such as computing whether or not a state is
entangled, and practical ones such as obtaining information about the existence
or nature of entanglement in states reached by NMR quantum computation
implementations or other experimental situations.Comment: 7 pages, LaTeX. Motivation and verbal description of results and
their implications expanded and improved; one more proof included. This
version differs from the PRA version by the omission of some erroneous
sentences outside the theorems and proofs, which will be noted in an erratum
notice in PRA (and by minor notational differences
The Leucocytozoidae of South African birds. The Muscicapidae sensu latu
The leucocytozoids of the Muscicapidae sensu latu are reviewed and Leucocytozoon phylbscopus of the Sylviinae, L. liothricis of the Timaliinae, L. dubreuili, L. mcclurei and L. shaartusicum of the Turdinae are redescribed. Leucocytozoon francai, L. gbvannolia and L. mirandae are declared synonyms of L. dubreuili. Leucocytozoon timaliae n. sp. is described from a South African babbler
The haemoproteids of the shrikes of the avian family Laniidae (Passeriformes)
The two haemoproteids parasitizing members of the avian family Laniidae are reviewed. Haemoproteus lanii de Mello, 1937 is re-described and a neohapantotype designated; H. lanii var. nucleophilus Helmy Mohammed, 1958 is considered to be the same as H. lanii and therefore the varietal (= subspecific) designation is suppressed; it is confirmed that H. lanuidae Yakunin, 1976 is declared a nomen nudum; Haemoproteus cublae Peirce, 1984 is re-described
Supercatalysis
We show that entanglement-assisted transformations of bipartite entangled
states can be more efficient than catalysis [D. Jonathan and M. B. Plenio,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3566 (1999)}, i.e., given two incomparable bipartite
states not only can the transformation be enabled by performing collective
operations with an auxiliary entangled state, but the entanglement of the
auxiliary state itself can be enhanced. We refer to this phenomenon as
supercatalysis. We provide results on the properties of supercatalysis and its
relationship with catalysis. In particular, we obtain a useful necessary and
sufficient condition for catalysis, provide several sufficient conditions for
supercatalysis and study the extent to which entanglement of the auxiliary
state can be enhanced via supercatalysis.Comment: Latex, 5 page
Local transformation of mixed states of two qubits to Bell diagonal states
The optimal entanglement manipulation for a single copy of mixed states of
two qubits is to transform it to a Bell diagonal state. In this paper we derive
an explicit form of the local operation that can realize such a transformation.
The result obtained is universal for arbitrary entangled two-qubit states and
it discloses that the corresponding local filter is not unique for density
matrices with rank and can be exclusively determined for that with
and 4. As illustrations, a four-parameters family of mixed states are explored,
the local filter as well as the transformation probability are given
explicitly, which verify the validity of the general result.Comment: 5 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev.
The Leucocytozoidae of South African birds. The Coliiformes and Coraciiformes
The leucocytozoids of the avian orders Coliiformes and Coraciiformes are reviewed. Leucocytozoon colius of the Coliidae, L. alcedinis and L. dacelo of the Alcedinidae and L. bucerotis of the Bucerotidae are described as new species. Leucocytozoon eurystomi, L. nyctyornis and L. communis of the Coraciidae, Meropidae and Upupidae respectively are redescribed. Leucocytozoon coraciae, L. francae, L. leitaoi and L. melloi are declared synonyms of L. eurystomi. Leucocytozoon apiaster of the Meropidae and L. musajevi of the Coraciidae have previously been declared nomina nuda
Perfect state distinguishability and computational speedups with postselected closed timelike curves
Bennett and Schumacher's postselected quantum teleportation is a model of
closed timelike curves (CTCs) that leads to results physically different from
Deutsch's model. We show that even a single qubit passing through a
postselected CTC (P-CTC) is sufficient to do any postselected quantum
measurement, and we discuss an important difference between "Deutschian" CTCs
(D-CTCs) and P-CTCs in which the future existence of a P-CTC might affect the
present outcome of an experiment. Then, based on a suggestion of Bennett and
Smith, we explicitly show how a party assisted by P-CTCs can distinguish a set
of linearly independent quantum states, and we prove that it is not possible
for such a party to distinguish a set of linearly dependent states. The power
of P-CTCs is thus weaker than that of D-CTCs because the Holevo bound still
applies to circuits using them regardless of their ability to conspire in
violating the uncertainty principle. We then discuss how different notions of a
quantum mixture that are indistinguishable in linear quantum mechanics lead to
dramatically differing conclusions in a nonlinear quantum mechanics involving
P-CTCs. Finally, we give explicit circuit constructions that can efficiently
factor integers, efficiently solve any decision problem in the intersection of
NP and coNP, and probabilistically solve any decision problem in NP. These
circuits accomplish these tasks with just one qubit traveling back in time, and
they exploit the ability of postselected closed timelike curves to create
grandfather paradoxes for invalid answers.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures; Foundations of Physics (2011
- …