Manufacturing equivalent Clinker by indirect mechanosynthesis process

International audienceThis study is focused to the proposition of new cement manufacturing process. It is widely known that the cement production is responsible for a significant CO2 release each year (approximatively 4 billon ton). So, it is became necessary to find another cement manufacturing process with a minimum CO2 emission. The aim of this work is to manufacture equivalent clinker by indirect mechanosynthesis process. It consists to combine between mechanical activation of the raw materials (mixture of limestone and clay) and heat treatment less than 900 °C. The equivalent clinker obtained by this method shows the presence of the alite (tricalcim silicate) C3S and belite (dicalcium silicate) C2S and Tricalcium aluminate C3A. CO2 emission by this technique is estimated by 0.3 Ton for 1 Ton of equivalent clinker

Wave overtopping and overflow hazards: application on the Camargue sea-dike

Hydrodynamic

Surgical management of intramedullary spinal cord metastasis: Report of three cases that revealed unknown malignancies

Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (IMSCM) is a rare complication of malignancies still studied by case reports; although surgery is related with the best results, the management is still debated considering the risks and the low life expectancy; in fact, many authors prefer conservative management (radiotherapy, chemotherapy), and so less than 200 cases reported in the literature with patients IMSCM were treated surgically; reporting such cases will help to understand the pathology and elaborate a clear management protocol. We report three cases of IMSCM operated at our department; in those patients, the intramedullary lesions revealed the primary tumours.   &nbsp

Communicating spinal epidural thoracic arachnoid cyst en-bloc resection: A case report

Background: Spinal extradural arachnoid cyst is an uncommon, expanding lesion which may communicate with the subarachnoid space, The etiology still remains unclear, but the most accepted explanation is the existence of areas of weakness in the spinal dura , Spinal arachnoid cysts are usually in the thoracic spine, and they may cause symptoms due to spinal cord compression. Case Presentation: Patient is a 54-years-old female who presented with progressive back pain and motor deficit, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study revealed an extradural cyst extending from T2 to T4 isointense with the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on all sequences and did not enhance on T1-weighted post-contrast MRI. Patient underwent T2-T4 laminectomy, en-bloc resection of the lesion was achieved and the histopathological examination objectified an arachnoid cyst. Conclusion: Spinal extradural arachnoid cyst can cause neurologic deficit and the mainstay of treatment in patients with neurological symptoms is surgical removal of the cyst together with ligation of the communicating pedicle and closure of the dural defect

Etude éco-biologique d’Artémia salina des zones humides de l’Ouest Algérien

L’Artémie (Artémia salina) est une espèce de crustacé vivant dans les lacs salés, les chotts et les marais salants .Elle est en abondance dans les salines de l’ouest Algérien. Ce genre de crustacé est très demandé dans le domaine d’exploitation des ressources hydriques et en aquaculture. Dans le présent travail on a étudié, en premier lieu l’aspect biologique et écologique de ce crustacé dans les salines de Bathioua (wilaya d’Oran) et Oued Djemaa (wilaya de Relizane), en deuxième lieu on a étudié son accommodation à différentes doses de salinité dans un milieu même quand les conditions de vie sont défavorables. L’Artémie salina est capable de produire des cystes qui ont la capacité de donner naissance à une larve appelée nauplius. La résistivité des cystes au stress du milieu en état de cryptobiose, leur permet de subsister à des températures extrêmes. Les nauplius sont distribués dès l’éclosion ou après 24 à 48 h d’enrichissement en protéines et en lipides. Les résultats obtenus lors de ce travail ont montré que le taux de reproduction varie en fonction des changements saisonniers des différents facteurs écologiques et des éléments physico chimiques de son environnement.Mots-clés: Artémia salina, aspect biologique, adaptation, salines, Ouest Algérien. Eco-biological study of Artemia salina wetlands of West AlgeriaThe Artemia (Artemia salina) is a species of crustacean living in salt lakes, chotts and salt marshes. It is in abundance in the salt mines of western Algeria. This kind of crustacean is highly demanded in the fields of water exploitation and aquaculture. In this study, the observation is drawn on the biological and ecological aspects of this crustacean in the salt mines of Bathioua (Oran wilaya) and Oued Djemaa (Relizane wilaya), according to the seasonal variations. Artemia salina is able to produce cysts that have the ability to give birth to a larva called nauplius. The resistivity of cysts at environment stress on cryptobiosis state allows them to survive in extreme temperatures. Nauplii begin hatching after 24 to 48 h enrichment in proteins and lipids. The results obtained in this work showed that the reproduction rate varies according to seasonal changes in different ecological factors and the physical and chemical elements of its environment.Keywords : Artemia salina, biological aspect, adaptation, salt, West Algeria

Long term study on the effects of microsurgical DREZotomy for chronic pain control

The DREZotomy (Dorsal Root Entry Zone tomy) is an analgesic procedure. The analgesic effect is evaluated on 30 patients with chronic pain resulting from respectively: brachial plexus avulsion (66.6%), postherpetic pain (10%), hyperspastic states (6.6%), phantom pain (6.6%), the pain in the stump (6.6%), and spinal cord injuries (3.3%). Pain intensity was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). At last evaluation, between 12 and 60 months, after DREZotomy, 93% had a good or excellent global pain relief after surgery. According to the component types of pain, 9.6% of patients had good or excellent control of the paroxysmal pain, and 84% of the continuous pain. Kaplan–Meier prediction of lasting global pain control at 60 months of follow-up was calculated at 75.5%. Comparison of the 2 corresponding Kaplan–Meier curves at long term, namely, pain control in 82.8% for the paroxysmal component and in 51.7% for the continuous component, showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001). Functional effects are improved by more than 70% according to patients

Transcranial direct current stimulation for memory enhancement: from clinical research to animal models

There is a growing demand for new brain-enhancing technologies to improve mental performance, both for patients with cognitive disorders and for healthy individuals. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive, painless, and easy to use neuromodulatory technique that can improve performance on a variety of cognitive tasks in humans despite its exact mode of action remains unclear. We have conducted a mini-review of the literature to first briefly summarize the growing amount of data from clinical trials assessing the efficacy of tDCS, focusing exclusively on learning and memory performances in healthy human subjects and in patients with depression, schizophrenia, and other neurological disorders. We then discuss these findings in the context of the strikingly few studies resulting from animal research. Finally, we highlight future directions and limitations in this field and emphasize the need to develop translational studies to better understand how tDCS improves memory, a necessary condition before it can be used as a therapeutic tool