OPTIMIZATION OF THE ELECTRICAL NETWORK BY THE ANT COLONY METHOD

A system is a set of processes and equipment to perform a task or a mission. The rational exploitation of the system depends on its configuration. An optimal configuration avoids excessive expenses. The primary function of a modern electric power system is to provide its customers with electrical energy as economically as possible with an acceptable degree of reliability. This degree of hope requires an optimal design. In the engineering context, choosing equipment based on availability, cost, and performance is the most important decision variable for optimizing a process. Depending on the availability of technologies on the market, the development of an iterative algorithm will be necessary in order to adapt to each request its optimal structure. This article discusses the resolution of a set of coherent problems that must be maximized, minimized, or minimized - to maximize single-objective or multi-objective functions under a set of constraints. These types of problems are called Max-Min / or Min─ Max functions

OPTIMIZATION WITH DIFFERENT REDUNDANT HYDRAULIC PIPELINES

This paper uses an ant system (AS) meta-heuristic optimization method to solve the problem of hydraulic structure optimization systems. We consider the case where redundant hydraulic pipelines are chosen to achieve a desirable level of reliability. The hydraulic pipelines of the system are characterized by their cost, capacity and reliability. The reliability is defined as the ability to satisfy the water consumer demand which is represented as a piecewise cumulative load curve. The proposed meta-heuristic seeks for the optimal configuration of series-parallel systems in which a multiple choice of hydraulic pipelines are allowed from a list of product available in the hydraulic market. Our approach has the advantage to allow hydraulic pipelines elements with different parameters to be allocated in hydraulic systems. To allow fast reliability estimation, a universal generating function method is applied

Quantification and study of monthly variation of suspended sediment loads in Tafna basin – Algeria

The magnitude of the phenomenon is disproportionate in semi-arid or in temperate climates. Thus Algeria is one of the most affected countries by this phenomenon and its consequences. To enable a rapid response to the request of engineers and managers to quantify sediment transport at the outlet of a watershed, a simple, easy tool to implement was developed. The principle adopted is based on hydrometric data sets from gauging stations with seasonal and annual time steps to define a suitable method for estimating sediment production. The sediment study was conducted by analysing the daily flows. Pierre du Chat station at the outlet of the Tafna basin served as an application. The obtained results are entirely satisfactory because the correlation coefficients of model Qss = f(Q) range between 72 and 95%. This method, once refined can be generalized to all watersheds in northern Algeria

Modelowanie hydrologiczne za pomocą modelu SWAT na podstawie dwóch typów danych dotyczących zlewni zbiornika zaporowego Beni Haroun w Algierii

The dam of Beni Haroun is the largest in Algeria, and its transfer structures feed seven provinces (wilayas) in the eastern part of Algeria. Due to its importance in the region, it has now become urgent to study its watershed as well as all the parameters that can influence the water and solid intakes that come into the dam. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model is used to quantify the water yields and identify the vulnerable spots using two scenarios. The first one uses worldwide data (GlobCover and HWSD), and the second one employs remote sensing and digital soil mapping in order to determine the most suitable data to obtain the best results. The SWAT model can be used to reproduce the hydrological cycle within the watershed. Concerning the first scenario, during the calibration period, R2 was found between 0.45 and 0.69, and the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) coefficient was within the interval from 0.63 to 0.80; in the validation period, R2 lied between 0.47 and 0.59, and the NSE coefficient ranged from 0.58 to 0.64. As for the second scenario, during the calibration period, R2 was between 0.60 and 0.66, and the NSE coefficient was between 0.55 and 0.75; however, during the validation period, R2 was in the interval from 0.56 to 0.70, and the NSE coefficient within the range 0.64–0.70. These findings indicate that the data obtained using remote sensing and digital soil mapping provide a better representation of the watershed and give a better hydrological modelling.Beni Haroun jest największym zbiornikiem zaporowym Algierii zasilającym w wodę siedem prowincji we wschodniej części kraju. Podjęcie badań jego zlewni oraz wszystkich czynników, które wpływają na dostawę wody i zawiesiny do zbiornika, okazało się pilne ze względu na regionalne znaczenie zbiornika. Model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) wykorzystano do ilościowego ujęcia natężenia przepływu wody i identyfikacji wrażliwych elementów systemu z użyciem dwóch scenariuszy. W pierwszym wykorzystano dane światowe, w drugim dane z teledetekcji i cyfrowych map glebowych celem ustalenia najbardziej odpowiednich danych do osiągnięcia najlepszych rezultatów. Model SWAT można użyć do odtworzenia cyklu hydrologicznego na obszarze zlewni. Według pierwszego scenariusza podczas kalibracji R2 wynosił od 0,45 do 0,69, a współczynnik efektywności Nasha–Sutcliffa (NSE) mieścił się w przedziale od 0,63 do 0,80. Podczas walidacji R2 zmieniał się od 0,47 do 0,59, a współczynnik NSE od 0,58 do 0,64. Według drugiego scenariusza podczas kalibracji R2 wynosił od 0,60 do 0,66, a współczynnik NSE od 0,55 do 0,75. Podczas walidacji współczynniki mieściły się odpowiednio w granicach od 0,56 do 0,70 i od 0,64 do 0,70. Wyniki wskazują, że dane pozyskane z teledetekcji i cyfrowych map glebowych stanowią lepszą reprezentację zlewni i umożliwiają usprawnienie modelowania hydrologicznego

Modernizing Training on Renewable Energies in the Maghreb Transfer of experience (MOMATE)

Le projet vise à développer une formation de type DUT (Diplôme Universitaire de Technologie) en ingénierie des Energies Renouvelables et à soutenir l'émergence de technopoles spécialisées dans les Energies Renouvelables. L'objectif est de développer des compétences permettant d'acquérir des connaissances de base sur la production d'électricité à partir d'énergies renouvelables (éolienne, solaire, photovoltaïque, etc.). El proyecto pretende desarrollar un programa de formación como el DUT (Diplôme Universitaire de Technologie) en ingeniería de Energías Renovables y apoyar la aparición de tecnopolos especializados en Energías Renovables. Para ello se pretende desarrollar competencias que permitan adquirir conocimientos básicos sobre la producción de energía eléctrica a partir de energías renovables (eólica, solar, fotovoltaica, etc.)The project aims to develop a DUT (University Diploma of Technology) type training in Renewable Energies engineering and to support the emergence of technology parks specializing in Renewable Energies. The objective is to develop skills allowing to acquire basic knowledge on the production of electricity from renewable energies (wind, solar, photovoltaic, etc.). The project intends to launch a training program such as the DUT (University Diploma of Technology) in Renewable Energy Engineering and to support the appearance of engineers specializing in Renewable Energy. Para ello claims to desarrollar competences that allow to acquire basic knowledge sober the production of electrical energy from renewable energies (electrical, solar, photovoltaic, etc.)MOMAT