41,299 research outputs found
Counting the Electoral Votes
Speech of Hon. Benj. T. Eames, of Rhode Island in the House of Representatives, January 25, 1877.
A speech by Rhode Island Congressman Benjamin Eames given on the floor of the House of Representatives discussing the constitutionality of which branch of government has the authority to count electoral votes in national elections.https://digitalcommons.providence.edu/ri_history/1002/thumbnail.jp
The Microbiota and Health Promoting Characteristics of the Fermented Beverage Kefir
peer-reviewedKefir is a complex fermented dairy product created through the symbiotic fermentation of milk by lactic acid bacteria and yeasts contained within an exopolysaccharide and protein complex called a kefir grain. As with other fermented dairy products, kefir has been associated with a range of health benefits such as cholesterol metabolism and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, antimicrobial activity, tumor suppression, increased speed of wound healing, and modulation of the immune system including the alleviation of allergy and asthma. These reports have led to increased interest in kefir as a focus of research and as a potential probiotic-containing product. Here, we review those studies with a particular emphasis on the microbial composition and the health benefits of the product, as well as discussing the further development of kefir as an important probiotic product.The authors are funded through the Teagasc Walsh Fellowship Scheme(2014025)and internal Teagasc funding(RMIS6486). BW is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program and research in the Cotter laboratory is funded by SFI through the PI award âObesibioticsâ(11/PI/1137)and in the form of a center grant (APC Microbiome Institute Grant Number SFI/12/RC/2273)
Aspects of Track-Assisted Mass
Track-assisted mass is a proxy for jet mass that only uses direction
information from charged particles, allowing it to be measured at the Large
Hadron Collider with very fine angular resolution. In this paper, we introduce
a generalization of track-assisted mass and analyze its performance in both
parton shower generators and resummed calculations. For the original
track-assisted mass, the track-only mass is rescaled by the charged energy
fraction of the jet. In our generalization, the rescaling factor includes both
per-jet and ensemble-averaged information, facilitating a closer correspondence
to ordinary jet mass. Using the track function formalism in electron-positron
collisions, we calculate the spectrum of generalized track-assisted mass to
next-to-leading-logarithmic order with leading-order matching. These resummed
calculations provide theoretical insight into the close correspondence between
track-assisted mass and ordinary jet mass. With the growing importance of jet
grooming algorithms, we also calculate track-assisted mass on soft-drop groomed
jets.Comment: 35+17 pages, 22 figures; v3: improvements to calculation and
presentation to appear in JHE
The case of muddled units in temporal discounting
While parameters are crucial components of cognitive models, relatively little importance has been given to their units. We show that this has lead to some parameters to be contaminated, introducing an artifactual correlation between them. We also show that this has led to the illegal comparison of parameters with different units of measurement â this may invalidate parameter comparisons across participants, conditions, groups, or studies. We demonstrate that this problem affects two related models: Stevens' power law and Rachlin's delay discounting model. We show that it may even affect models which superficially avoid the incompatible units problem, such as hyperbolic discounting. We present simulation results to demonstrate the extent of the issues caused by the muddled units problem. We offer solutions in order to avoid the problem in the future or to aid in re-interpreting existing datasets
Unspeakable Suffering; Eloquent Explanations: National Civil War Medicine Museumâs 26th Annual Conference
On Friday, October 12th, 2018, the National Civil War Medicine Museum kicked off its 26th annual conference and began its three-day event with a series of lectures on topics ranging from Confederate medical practice to cultural understandings of cowardice. A series of unique lectures given by a professionally diverse cast of presenters illuminated the often-peripheral field of Civil War Medicine. [excerpt
Supersymmetry and the AdS Higgs Phenomenon
We examine the AdS Higgs phenomenon for spin-1 fields, and demonstrate that
graviphotons pick up a dynamically generated mass in AdS_4, once matter
boundary conditions are relaxed. We perform an explicit one-loop calculation of
the graviphoton mass, and compare this result with the mass generated for the
graviton in AdS. In this manner, we obtain a condition for unbroken
supersymmetry. With this condition, we examine both N=2 and N=4 gauged
supergravities coupled to matter multiplets, and find that for both cases the
ratio between dynamically generated graviton and graviphoton masses is
consistent with unbroken supersymmetry.Comment: 12 pages, JHEP forma
Model-Independent Stellar and Planetary Masses from Multi-Transiting Exoplanetary Systems
Precise exoplanet characterization requires precise classification of
exoplanet host stars. The masses of host stars are commonly estimated by
comparing their spectra to those predicted by stellar evolution models.
However, spectroscopically determined properties are difficult to measure
accurately for stars that are substantially different from the Sun, such as
M-dwarfs and evolved stars. Here, we propose a new method to dynamically
measure the masses of transiting planets near mean-motion resonances and their
host stars by combining observations of transit timing variations with radial
velocity measurements. We derive expressions to analytically determine the mass
of each member of the system and demonstrate the technique on the Kepler-18
system. We compare these analytic results to numerical simulations and find the
two are consistent. We identify eight systems for which our technique could be
applied if follow-up radial velocity measurements are collected. We conclude
this analysis would be optimal for systems discovered by next generation
missions similar to TESS or PLATO, which will target bright stars that are
amenable to efficient RV follow-up.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Ap
Detection of H-alpha emission from the Magellanic Stream: evidence for an extended gaseous Galactic halo
We have detected faint, diffuse H\alpha emission of surface brightness Rayleighs, R, and R respectively,
corresponding to emission measures of 1.0 to 0.5 \cmsixpc. We have observed
several positions near the MS IV concentration, and find that the strongest
emission is on the sharp leading-edge density gradient. There is less emission
at points away from the gradient, and halfway between MS III and MS IV the
H< 0.04\alpha emission at cloud leading edges to heating of the
Stream clouds by ram pressure from ionized gas in the halo of the Galaxy. These
observations suggest that ram pressure from halo gas plays a large role in
stripping the Stream out of the Magellanic Clouds. They also suggest the
presence of a relatively large density of gas, , in the Galactic halo at kpc radius, and far above the
Galactic plane, . This implies that the Galaxy has a very large
baryonic, gaseous extent, and supports models of Lyman-$\alpha and metal-line
QSO absorption lines in which the absorption systems reside in extended
galactic halos.Comment: 15 pages, aaspp latex, + 1 table & 3 figures. Accepted in A.J. Also
available from http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/~bweiner/astro/papers
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