Sozialpolitische Entwicklung in der EU im Hinblick auf behinderte Menschen, aus skandinavischer Sicht. [Symposion 16. Sonderpädagogik in Europa - Tendenzen, Entwicklungen, Perspektiven im Vergleich]

"Der Regierung gegenüber ist die schwedische Behindertenbewegung sehr kritisch, insbesondere bezogen auf Mängel bei der Durchsetzung politischer Aktionsprogramme im Behindertenbereich. [...] Zwischen den fünf nordischen Staaten besteht eine umfassende Zusammenarbeit, ermöglicht u. a. durch die gemeinsame Sprache. Auch die Behindertenbewegungen im Norden sind ziemlich gleich. Die Verbände bestehen aus behinderten Mitgliedern, nicht aus Fachexperten. Sie arbeiten interessenpolitisch, d. h. mit dem Ziel, Reformen durchzusetzen, eine gleichberechtigte gesellschaftliche Teilhabe zu realisieren." (DIPF/Text übernommen

Ein aktuelles Wohnbauprojekt in Göteborg, gesehen aus der Warte schwedischer Wohntradition

Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium vom 27. bis 30. Juni 1989 in Weimar an der Hochschule für Architektur und Bauwesen zum Thema: ‚Produktivkraftentwicklung und Umweltgestaltung. Sozialer und wissenschaftlich-technischer Fortschritt in ihren Auswirkungen auf Architektur und industrielle Formgestaltung in unserer Zeit. Zum 100. Geburtstag von Hannes Meyer

Governing Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in a Changing Climate: A Participatory Scenario Planning Approach Applied to Sweden in 2050

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global crisis with long-term and unpredictable health, social and economic impacts, with which climate change is likely to interact. Understanding how to govern AMR amidst evolving climatic changes is critical. Scenario planning offers a suitable approach. By envisioning alternative futures, stakeholders more effectively can identify consequences, anticipate problems, and better determine how to intervene. This study explored future worlds and actions that may successfully address AMR in a changing climate in a high-income country, using Sweden as the case.Methods: We conducted online scenario-building workshops and interviews with eight experts who explored: (1) how promising interventions (taxation of antimicrobials at point of sale, and infection prevention measures) could each combat AMR in 2050 in Sweden given our changing climate; and (2) actions to take starting in 2030 to ensure success in 2050. Transcripts were thematically analyzed to produce a narrative of participant validated alternative futures.Results: Recognizing AMR to be a global problem requiring global solutions, participants looked beyond Sweden to construct three alternative futures: (1) “Tax Burn Out” revealed taxation of antimicrobials as a low-impact intervention that creates inequities and thus would fail to address AMR without other interventions, such as infection prevention measures. (2) “Addressing the Basics” identified infection prevention measures as highly impactful at containing AMR in 2050 because they would contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which would be essential to tackling inequities underpinning AMR and climate change, and help to stabilize climate-induced mass migration and conflicts; and (3) ”Siloed Nations” described a movement toward nationalism and protectionism that would derail the “Addressing the Basics” scenario, threatening health and wellbeing of all. Several urgent actions were identified to combat AMR long-term regardless which future un-folds, such as global collaboration, and a holistic approach where AMR and climate change are addressed as interlinked issues.Conclusion: Our participatory scenario planning approach enabled participants from different sectors to create shared future visions and identify urgent actions to take that hinge on global collaboration, addressing AMR and climate change together, and achieving the SDGs to combat AMR under a changing climate

Electrical Conductivity of Thermo-Oxidatively-Degraded EPDM Rubber

Abstract Oxidative degradation of rubbers, and the development of oxidized layers at the surfaces, results in increased electrical conductivity. This paper shows that for EPDM rubbers heavily oxidized at 200° C, the DC-conductivity increases more than two orders of magnitude, and the percolation threshold for DC conductivity is decreased below 5 phr carbon black. The effect of oxidation upon the electrical properties is explained as being due to the presence of polar groups, e.g., carbonyl groups, in between the carbon-black agglomerates which provide shorter distances for the electrons to tunnel through.</jats:p

Health, attitude to care and pattern of attendance among gypsy women : a general practice perspective

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of knowledge about health and attitude to care among gypsies. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to explore the reasons for and patterns of attendance among gypsy women in primary health care and to shed light on health problems of gypsies. METHODS: Four gypsy women, frequently attending a primary health care centre, were interviewed in depth. Data were analysed according to grounded theory. Additional facts were received from record files. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The gypsy women seldom approached the health centre alone but paid a visit together with relatives or friends. The women usually presented the same type of symptoms, often pain, headache and depression, and obtained the same type of diagnosis and treatment. The symptoms had an acute character and the women wanted immediate access. A collective pattern, a hierarchical order and a strict rule system characterized the gypsy life and coloured the relation to health and illness. Young women were especially vulnerable and could easily end up outside the collective and display symptoms.</p

Thermo-Oxidative Degradation of Thick-Walled Rubber Materials Studied by IR-Technique and Computed X-Ray Tomography Scanning

Abstract Natural rubber cylinders vulcanized with two different systems, TMTD, which is an efficient vulcanizing system (EV system) and S/CBS, which is a conventional system, have been studied with respect to thermo-oxidative aging gradients, by the ATR-IR-technique (attenuated total-reflection infrared spectroscopy), computed x-ray tomography scanning and swelling. Observed aging processes are dominated by the formation of an oxidized layer whose low permeability to oxygen protects the interior of the material from oxidative aging processes as long as it is intact. The time to the formation of the oxidized layer is the major reason for the differences in the aging gradients. The oxidized layer is formed rapidly in the conventional system, whereas the formation is inhibited by dithiocarbamates in the EV system. Oxygen therefore diffuses into the EV materials, giving deeper oxidative aging than in the conventional materials at the same temperature. The conclusion drawn from the results of this study is that an earlier formation of an oxidized layer is advantageous with respect to thermo-oxidative aging of the bulk. Although it must be stated that, due to the better thermal stability of an EV system and to the poor mechanical properties of an oxidized layer, no objection is here raised to the accepted view that an EV system has superior aging properties.</jats:p

Applications of Chemiluminescence in Rubber Research

Abstract The oxidation of most organic materials is accompanied by the emission of weak light, so called chemiluminescence (CL). This emission has previously often been designated oxyluminescence. CL has been known for several years, but it is not until recently that the development of photon counting equipment has allowed detection of levels down to a few photons per second. This development makes CL a promising nondestructive and extremely sensitive technique to provide data which may be useful to estimate the service life of polymeric materials. Various applications of the CL-method for the detection of oxidation of elastomers are reported: such as, stabilization of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; degradation of latex coating of paper; long-term thermo-oxidation of natural rubber; indication of ultrathin coating of cellulose fiber with polybutadiene.</jats:p