O Papel Da Laparoscopia Diagnóstica Em Ginecologia

Laparoscopy is a diagnostic method that is currently becoming consolidated for therapeutic use. It consists of endoscopically viewing the abdominal cavity. The aim here was to evaluate the indications for diagnostic videolaparoscopy and the intraoperative findings in an endoscopic gynecology clinic at a tertiary-level hospital over the last five years. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective descriptive study on all diagnostic videolaparoscopy procedures of the last five years carried out in the endoscopic gynecology clinic of a tertiary-level hospital. METHODS: The medical records of 618 women who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy between 2008 and 2012 were analyzed. The clinical characteristics of these women, the indications for videolaparoscopy and the intraoperative findings were evaluated. RESULTS: The women’s mean age was 32 ± 6.4 years. Most of the women had already undergone at least one previous operation (60%), which was most frequently a cesarean. The indications for performing videolaparoscopy were infertility in 57%, chronic pelvic pain in 27% and others (intrauterine device, adnexal tumor, ectopic pregnancy or pelvic inflammatory disease) in 16%. The main laparoscopic findings were tubal alterations in the group with infertility (59.78%) and peritoneal alterations in the group with chronic pelvic pain (43.54%). CONCLUSION: The main indications for videolaparoscopy in gynecology were infertility and chronic pelvic pain. However, in most procedures, no abnormalities justifying these complaints were found. © 2016, Associacao Paulista de Medicina. All rights reserved.1341707

Breast Density In Women With Premature Ovarian Failure Or Postmenopausal Women Using Hormone Therapy: Analytical Cross-sectional Study [densidade Mamária Em Mulheres Com Falência Ovariana Prematura Ou Na Pós-menopausa E Em Uso De Terapia Hormonal: Estudo Transversal Analítico]

Context and objective: Studies on postmenopausal women have reported increased risk of breast cancer relating to the type and duration of hormone therapy (HT) used. Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) represent a challenge, since they require prolonged HT. Little is known about the impact of prolonged HT use on these women's breasts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of one type of HT on the breast density of women with POF, compared with postmenopausal women. Design and setting: Cross-sectional study at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). Methods: 31 women with POF and 31 postmenopausal women, all using HT consisting of conjugated equine estrogen combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate, and matched according to HT duration, were studied. Mammography was performed on all subjects and was analyzed by means of digitization or Wolfe's classification, stratified into two categories: Non-dense (N1 and P1 patterns) and dense (P2 and Dy). Results: No significant difference in breast density was found between the two groups through digitization or Wolfe's classification. From digitization, the mean breast density was 24.1% ± 14.6 and 18.1% ± 17.2 in the POF and postmenopausal groups, respectively (P = 0.15). Wolfe's classification identified dense breasts in 51.6% and 29.0%, respectively (P = 0.171). Conclusion: There was no difference in breast density between the women with POF and postmenopausal women, who had used HT for the same length of time. These results may help towards compliance with HT use among women with POF.1284211214Rossouw, J.E., Anderson, G.L., Prentice, R.L., Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: Principal results From the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial (2002) JAMA, 288 (3), pp. 321-333Beral, V., Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study (2003) Lancet, 362 (9382), pp. 419-427. , Million Women Study CollaboratorsConner, P., Svane, G., Azavedo, E., Mammographic breast density, hormones, and growth factors during continuous combined hormone therapy (2004) Fertil Steril, 81 (6), pp. 1617-1623Chen, F.P., Cheung, Y.C., Teng, L.F., Soong, Y.K., The relationship between mammographic density and duration of hormone therapy: Effects of estrogen and estrogen-progestin (2005) Hum Reprod, 20 (6), pp. 1741-1745Harvey, J., Scheurer, C., Kawakami, F.T., Hormone replacement therapy and breast density changes (2005) Climacteric, 8 (2), pp. 185-192Junkermann, H., von Holst, T., Lang, E., Rakov, V., Influence of different HRT regimens on mammographic density (2005) Maturitas, 50 (2), pp. 105-110Christodoulakos, G.E., Lambrinoudaki, I.V., Vourtsi, A.D., The effect of low dose hormone therapy on mammographic breast density (2006) Maturitas, 54 (1), pp. 78-85Kavanagh, A.M., Mitchell, H., Giles, G.G., Hormone replacement therapy and accuracy of mammographic screening (2000) Lancet, 355 (9200), pp. 270-274Banks, E., Hormone replacement therapy and the sensitivity and specificity of breast cancer screening: A review (2001) J Med Screen, 8 (1), pp. 29-34Warren, R., Hormones and mammographic breast density (2004) Maturitas, 49 (1), pp. 67-78Armitage, M., Nooney, J., Evans, S., Recent concerns surrounding HRT (2003) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 59 (2), pp. 145-155Mann, R.D., Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk: Studies of the last fifteen years (1992) Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk, pp. 1-8. , In: Mann RD, editor, New Jersey: Parthenon Publishing GroupBoyd, N.F., Byng, J.W., Jong, R.A., Quantitative classification of mammographic densities and breast cancer risk: Results from the Canadian National Breast Screening Study (1995) J Natl Cancer Inst, 87 (9), pp. 670-675Byrne, C., Schairer, C., Wolfe, J., Mammographic features and breast cancer risk: Effects with time, age, and menopause status (1995) J Natl Cancer Inst, 87 (21), pp. 1622-1629Maskarinec, G., Meng, L., A case-control study of mammographic densities in Hawaii (2000) Breast Cancer Res Treat, 63 (2), pp. 153-161Vachon, C.M., Kuni, C.C., Anderson, K., Anderson, V.E., Sellers, T.A., Association of mammographically defined percent breast density with epidemiologic risk factors for breast cancer (United States) (2000) Cancer Causes Control, 11 (7), pp. 653-662Noh, J.J., Maskarinec, G., Pagano, I., Cheung, L.W., Stanczyk, F.Z., Mammographic densities and circulating hormones: A cross-sectional study in premenopausal women (2006) Breast, 15 (1), pp. 20-28Laya, M.B., Gallagher, J.C., Schreiman, J.S., Effect of postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy on mammographic density and parenchymal pattern (1995) Radiology, 196 (2), pp. 433-437Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer (1997) Lancet, 350 (9084), pp. 1047-1059. , Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancerMarugg, R.C., van der Mooren, M.J., Hendriks, J.H., Rolland, R., Ruijs, S.H., Mammographic changes in postmenopausal women on hormonal replacement therapy (1997) Eur Radiol, 7 (5), pp. 749-755Koukoulis, G.N., Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk (2000) Ann N Y Acad Sci, 900, pp. 422-428Lundström, E., Wilczek, B., von Palffy, Z., Söderqvist, G., von Schoultz, B., Mammographic breast density during hormone replacement therapy: Effects of continuous combination, unopposed transdermal and low-potency estrogen regimens (2001) Climacteric, 4 (1), pp. 42-48Greendale, G.A., Palla, S.L., Ursin, G., The association of endogenous sex steroids and sex steroid binding proteins with mammographic density: Results from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions Mammographic Density Study (2005) Am J Epidemiol, 162 (9), pp. 826-834de Moraes-Ruehsen, M., Jones, G.S., Premature ovarian failure (1967) Fertil Steril, 18 (4), pp. 440-461Cymberknoh, M., Mamografia digital (1994) Mastologia atual, pp. 75-78. , In: Dias EN, Caleffi M, Silva HMS, Figueira-Filho ASS, eds., Rio de Janeiro: RevinterWolfe, J.N., Breast patterns as an index of risk for developing breast cancer (1976) AJR Am J Roentgenol, 126 (6), pp. 1130-1137Snedecor, W.G., Cochram, W.G., The comparison of two samples (1989) Statistical methods, pp. 83-102. , In: Snedecor WG, Cochram WG, editors., 8thed Ames: Iowa State University PressPersson, I., Thurfjell, E., Holmberg, L., Effect of estrogen and estrogen-progestin replacement regimens on mammographic breast parenchymal density (1997) J Clin Oncol, 15 (10), pp. 3201-3207Harvey, J.A., Bovbjerg, V.E., Quantitative assessment of mammographic breast density: Relationship with breast cancer risk (2004) Radiology, 230 (1), pp. 29-4

Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2,3,4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease

Evaluation Of Serum Androgen Levels In Women With Premature Ovarian Failure

Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) did not show the same androgen profile as postmenopausal women. We observed that serum DHEA and DHEAS levels are significantly higher in women with POF than in postmenopausal women. © 2005 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.832508510Davis, S., Androgen replacement in women: A commentary (1999) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 84, pp. 1886-1891Davis, S., Testosterone deficiency in women (2001) J Reprod Med, 46, pp. 291-296Mazer, A., Testosterone deficiency in women: Etiologies, diagnosis, and emerging treatments (2002) Int J Fertil Women Med, 47, pp. 77-86Bermudez, J.A., Moran, C., Herrera, J., Barahona, E., Perez, M.C., Zarate, A., Determination of the steroidogenic capacity in premature ovarian failure (1993) Fertil Steril, 60, pp. 668-671Hartmann, B.W., Kirchengast, S., Albrech, A., Laml, T., Söregi, G., Huber, J.C., Androgen serum levels in women with premature ovarian failure compared to fertile and menopausal controls (1997) Gynecol Obstet Invest, 44, pp. 127-131Elias, A.N., Pandian, M.R., Rojas, F.J., Serum levels of androstenedione, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in patients with premature ovarian failure to age-matched menstruating controls (1997) Gynecol Obstet Invest, 43, pp. 47-48Doldi, N., Belvisi, L., Bassan, M., Fusi, F.M., Ferrari, A., Premature ovarian failure: Steroid synthesis and autoimmunity (1998) Gynecol Endocrinol, 12, pp. 23-28Vermeulen, A., Plasma androgens in women (1998) J Reprod Med, 43 (8 SUPPL.), pp. 725-733Orentreich, N., Brind, J.L., Rizer, R.L., Vogelman, J.H., Age changes and sex differences in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentration throughout adulthood (1984) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 59, pp. 551-555Sarrel, P.M., Androgen deficiency: Menopause and estrogen-related factor (2002) Fertil Steril, 77, pp. 63-

Prevalência De Fatores Associados à Infertilidade Em Mulheres Inférteis Submetidas à Laparoscopia Diagnóstica

To evaluate the role of laparoscopy in the investigation of infertility at the University of Campinas in the last five years. Methods Retrospective descriptive study with all diagnostic laparoscopy in the last five years made in endoscopic gynecology clinic of the tertiary hospital. 353 medical records of women with infertility undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy between the years 2008 to 2012 were analyzed the clinical characteristics of these women and the indications of laparoscopy and intraoperative findings were evaluated. Descriptive analysis (frequency, mean and standard deviation) was performed for categorical variables. To evaluate the association between the variables, we used the Kruskal Wallis test. Results The women were on average 32 ± 4.4 years. Laparoscopy found 52.98% of tubal alterations, 17.84% of endometriosis and 11.33% of adhesions. Almost 18% of tests did not show any change. The hysterosalpingography had a sensitivity of 84.61% and specificity of 32.58% compared to laparoscopy. Infertile women have a higher risk for tubal changes. Conclusion Tubal alterations are still the leading cause of infertility. Laparoscopy appears as a better technique hysterosalpingography for detecting tubal alterations, in addition to be able to detect changes in other organs that can cause infertility. © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Reprodução Humana31315916

Role Of The Different Sexuality Domains On The Sexual Function Of Women With Premature Ovarian Failure

Introduction: Women with premature ovarian failure (POF) often manifest complaints involving different aspects of sexual function (SF), regardless of using hormone therapy. SF involves a complex interaction between physical, psychological, and sociocultural aspects. There are doubts about the impact of different complaints on the global context of SF of women with POF. Aim: To evaluate the percentage of influence of each of the sexuality domains on the SF in women with POF. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 80 women with POF, matched by age to 80 women with normal gonadal function. We evaluated SF through the "Female Sexual Function Index" (FSFI), a comparison between the POF and control groups using the Mann-Whitney test. Component exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the proportional influence of each domain on the composition of the overall SF for women in the POF group. Main Outcome Measures: SF was evaluated using FSFI. Exploratory Factor Analysis for components was used to evaluate the role of each domain on the SF of women with POF. Results: The FSFI score was significantly worse for women with POF, with a decrease in arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and dyspareunia. Exploratory factor analysis of SF showed that the domain with greater influence in the SF was arousal, followed by desire, together accounting for 41% of the FSFI. The domains with less influence were dyspareunia and lubrication, which together accounted for 25% of the FSFI. Conclusion: Women with POF have impaired SF, determined mainly by changes in arousal and desire. Aspects related to lubrication and dyspareunia complaints have lower determination coefficient in SF. These results are important in adapting the approach of sexual disorders in this group of women.123685689De Moraes-Ruehsen, M., Jones, G.S., Premature ovarian failure (1967) Fertil Steril, 18, pp. 440-461Nelson, L.M., Clinical practice. Primary ovarian insufficiency (2009) N Engl J Med, 360, pp. 606-614Rebar, R.W., Premature ovarian failure (2009) Obstet Gynecol, 113, pp. 1355-1363(2007) Premature menopause, , http://www.thebms.org.uk/statementpreview.php?id=3, British Menopause Society Council Consensus Statement. . Available at:, (acessed May 27, 2014)Maclaran, K., Panay, N., Premature ovarian failure (2011) J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care, 37, pp. 35-42de Almeida, D.M.B., Benetti-Pinto, C.L., Makuch, M.Y., Sexual function of women with premature ovarian failure (2011) Menopause, 18, pp. 262-266Graziottin, A., Basson, R., Sexual dysfunction in women with premature menopause (2004) Menopause, 11, pp. 766-777van der Stage, J.G., Groen, H., van Zadelhoff, S.J., Lambalk, C.B., Braat, D.D., van Kasteren, Y.M., van Santbrink, E.J., Hoek, A., Decreased androgen concentrations and diminished general and sexual well-being in women with premature ovarian failure (2008) Menopause, 15, pp. 23-31Graziottin, A., Serafini, A., Palacios, S., Aetiology, diagnostic algorithms and prognosis of female sexual dysfunction (2009) Maturitas, 63, pp. 128-134Ambler, D.R., Bieber, E.J., Diamond, M.P., Sexual function in elderly women: A review of current literature (2012) Rev Obstet Gynecol, 5, pp. 16-27Abdo, C.H.N., Fleury, H.J., Aspectos diagnósticos e terapêuticos das disfunções sexuais femininas (2006) Rev Psiq Clin, 33, pp. 162-167Basson, R., Berman, J., Burnett, A., Derogatis, L., Ferguson, D., Fourcroy, J., Goldstein, I., Whipple, B., Report of the international consensus development conference on female sexual dysfunction: Definitions and classifications (2000) J Urol, 163, pp. 888-893Pacello, P.C., Yela, D.A., Rabelo, S., Giraldo, P.C., Benetti-Pinto, C.L., Dyspareunia and lubrification in premature ovarian failure using hormone therapy and vaginal health (2014) Climacteric, 17, pp. 342-347Treloar, A.E., Boynton, R.E., Behn, B.G., Brown, B.W., Variation of the human menstrual cycle trough reproductive life (1967) Int J Fertil, 12, pp. 77-126Thiel, R.R.C., Tradução para português, adaptação cultural e validação do Female Sexual Function Index (2008) Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet, 30, pp. 504-510Rosen, R., Brown, C., Heiman, J., Leiblum, S., Meston, C., Shabsigh, R., Fergusson, D., D'Agostino Jr, R., The female Sexual Function Index (FSFI): A multidimensional self-report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function (2000) J Sex Marital Ther, 26, pp. 191-208Shuster, L.T., Rhodes, D.J., Goustout, B.S., Grossardt, B.R., Rocca, W.A., Premature menopause or early menopause: Long-term health consequences (2010) Maturitas, 65, pp. 161-166Shover, L.R., Premature ovarian failure and its consequences: Vasomotor symptoms, sexuality and fertility (2008) J Clin Oncol, 26, pp. 753-758Kalantaridou, S.N., Vanderhoof, C.R.N.P., Calis, K.A., Corrigam, E.C., Troendle, J.F., Nelson, L.M., Sexual function in young women with spontaneous 46, XX primary ovarian insufficiency (2008) Fertil Steril, 90, pp. 1805-1811Deeks, A.A., Gibson-Helm, M., Teede, H., Vincent, A., Premature menopause: A comprehensive understanding of psychosocial aspects (2011) Climacteric, 14, pp. 565-572Masters, W.H., Johnson, V.E., (1966) Human sexual response, , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & WilliamsKaplan, H.S., (1979) Disorders of sexual desire, , New York: Brunner MazelGroff, A.A., Covington, S.N., Halverson, L.R., Fitzgerald, O.R., Vanderhoof, V., Calis, K., Nelson, L.M., Assessing the emotional needs of women with spontaneous premature ovarian failure (2005) Fertil Steril, 83, pp. 1734-1741Taraciuk, M.B., Nolting, M., Fernandez, G., Colela, D., Onetto, C., Straminsky, V., Psychological assessment of patients with premature ovarian failure (2008) Gynecol Endocrinol, 24, pp. 44-53Davis, M., Ventura, J.L., Wieners, M.A., Covington, S.N., Vanderhoof, V.H., Ryan, M.E., Koziol, D.E., Nelson, L.M., The psychosocial transition associated with spontaneous 46, XX primary ovarian insufficiency: Illness uncertainty, stigma, goal flexibility, and purpose in life as factors in emotional health (2010) Fertil Steril, 93, pp. 2321-2329Buster, J.E., Managing female sexual dysfunction (2013) Fertil Steril, 100, pp. 905-915Singer, D., Mann, E., Hunter, M.S., Pitkin, J., Panay, N., The silent grief: psychosocial aspects of premature ovarian failure (2011) Climacteric, 14, pp. 428-437Guenazzani, A.R., Gambacciani, M., Simoncini, T., Menopause and aging, quality of life and sexuality (2007) Climacteric, 10, pp. 88-9

Vaginal Epithelium And Microflora Characteristics In Women With Premature Ovarian Failure Under Hormone Therapy Compared To Healthy Women

Purpose: To evaluate some microbiological aspects of the vaginal flora and the vaginal trophism of women with premature ovarian failure (POF) in use of oral hormone therapy.Methods: A cross-sectional study with 36 women with POF under the age of 40 years using oral hormonal therapy. They were age matched with 36 women with normal gonadal function (control group). The characteristics of the vaginal epithelium were assessed through the hormonal vaginal cytology, vaginal pH measurement and vaginal health index to identify vaginal disturbances. Vaginal microflora was evaluated by the amine test, bacterioscopy (Nugent score) and culture for fungi to identify vaginal abnormal microflora and fungi infections.Results: Despite the fact that there were no statistical significant differences related to the cytological aspects and pH measurements, it was found that the vaginal health index was highly superior in the control group than in the POF group (23.4 ± 1.8 vs 20.8 ± 3.5), p < 0.0001 despite both groups had trophic scores. There were no statistical significance differences regarding to vaginal microflora types and fungi infection.Conclusion: Oral hormone therapy for young women with POF seems to be good enough to reestablish the epithelium cells, vaginal pH and microflora

Fsh-secreting Hypophysis Tumor - A New Therapeutic Option

[No abstract available]341119122Djerassi, A., Coutifaris, C., West, V.A., Asa, S.L., Gonadotroph adenoma in a premenopausal woman secreting follicle-stimulating hormone and causing ovarian hyperstimulation (1995) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 80, pp. 591-594Christin-Maitre, S., Rongieres-Bertrand, C., Kottler, M.-L., Lahlou, N., Frydman, R., Touraine, P., Bouchard, P., Clinical case seminar: A spontaneous and severe hyperstimulation of the ovaries revealing a gonadotroph adenoma (1998) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83 (10), pp. 3450-3453. , DOI 10.1210/jc.83.10.3450Valimaki, M.J., Tiitinen, A., Alfthan, H., Paetau, A., Poranen, A., Sane, T., Stenman, U.-H., Ovarian hyperstimulation caused by gonadotroph adenoma secreting follicle-stimulating hormone in 28-year-old woman (1999) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84 (11), pp. 4204-4208Tashiro, H., Katabuchi, H., Ohtake, H., Yoshioka, A., Matsumura, S., Suenaga, Y., Nagamura, Y., Okamura, H., An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of a folliclestimulating hormone-secreting gonadotroph adenoma occurring in a 10-year-old girl (2000) Med Electron Microsc., 33 (1), pp. 25-31Ghayuri, M., Liu, J.H., Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome caused by pituitary gonadotroph adenoma secreting follicle-stimulating hormone (2007) Obstetrics and Gynecology, 109 (2 PART 2), pp. 547-549. , DOI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000247316.60573.4a, PII 0000625020070200100026Trouillas, J., Girod, C., Sassolas, G., Human pituitary gonadotropic adenomaHistological, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural and hormonal studies in eight cases (1981) Journal of Pathology, 135 (4), pp. 315-336Barrande, G., Pittino-Lungo, M., Coste, J., Ponvert, D., Bertagna, X., Luton, J.P., Bertherat, J., Hormonal and metabolic effects of radiotherapy in acromegaly: Long-term results in 128 patients followed in a single center (2000) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 85 (10), pp. 3779-3785Daneshdoost, L., Pavlou, S.N., Molitch, M.E., Gennarelli, T.A., Savino, P.J., Sergott, R.C., Bosley, T.M., Snyder, P.J., Inhibition of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion from gonadotroph adenomas by repetitive administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 71 (1), pp. 92-97Castelbaum, A.J., Bigdeli, H., Post, K.D., Freedman, M.F., Snyder, P.J., Exacerbation of ovarian hyperstimulation by leuprolide reveals a gonadotroph adenoma (2002) Fertility and Sterility, 78 (6), pp. 1311-1313. , DOI 10.1016/S0015-0282(02)04342-X, PII S001502820204342XMcGrath, G.A., Goncalves, R.J., Udupa, J.K., Grossman, R.I., Pavlou, S.N., Molitch, M.E., Rivier, J., Snyder, P.J., New technique for quantitation of pituitary adenoma size: Use in evaluating treatment of gonadotroph adenomas with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (1993) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 76 (5), pp. 1363-1368. , DOI 10.1210/jc.76.5.1363Chanson, Ph., Lahlou, N., Warnet, A., Roger, M., Sassolas, G., Lubetzi, J., Schaison, G., Bouchard, Ph., Responses to gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist and antagonist administration in patients with gonadotroph cell adenomas (1994) Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 17 (2), pp. 91-98Pentz-Vidovíc, I., Skoríc, T., Grubisíc, G., Korsíc, M., Ivicevic-Bakulic, T., Besenski, N., Paladino, J., Zarkovíc, K., Evolution of clinical symptoms in a young woman with a recurrent gonadotroph adenoma causing ovarian hyperstimulation (2000) Eur J Endocrinol., 143 (5), pp. 607-614Shimon, I., Rubinek, T., Bar-Hava, I., Nass, D., Hadani, M., Amsterdam, A., Harel, G., Ovarian hyperstimulation without elevated serum estradiol associated with pure follicle-stimulating hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (2001) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 86 (8), pp. 3635-3640. , DOI 10.1210/jc.86.8.3635Mor, E., Rodi, I.A., Bayrak, A., Paulson, R.J., Sokol, R.Z., Diagnosis of pituitary gonadotroph adenomas in reproductive-aged women (2005) Fertil Steril., 84 (3), p. 757Christin-Maitre, S., Rongieres-Bertrand, C., Kottler, M.-L., Lahlou, N., Frydman, R., Touraine, P., Bouchard, P., Clinical case seminar: A spontaneous and severe hyperstimulation of the ovaries revealing a gonadotroph adenoma (1998) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 83 (10), pp. 3450-3453. , DOI 10.1210/jc.83.10.3450Galway, A.B., Hsueh, A.J., Daneshdoost, L., Zhou, M.H., Pavlou, S.N., Snyder, P.J., Gonadotroph adenomas in men produce biologically active follicle-stimulating hormone (1990) J Clin Endocrinol Metab., 71 (4), pp. 907-912Borgato, S., Persani, L., Romoli, R., Cortelazzi, D., Spada, A., Beck-Peccoz, P., Serum FSH bioactivity and inhibin levels in patients with gonadotropin secreting and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (1998) Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 21 (6), pp. 372-379Kihara, M., Sugita, T., Nagai, Y., Saeki, N., Tatsuno, I., Seki, K., Ovarian hyperstimulation caused by gonadotroph cell adenoma: A case report and review of the literature (2006) Gynecol Endocrinol., 22 (2), pp. 110-113Lania, A., Gangi, E., Romoli, R., Losa, M., Travaglini, P., Meringolo, D., Ambrosi, B., Spada, A., Impaired estrogen-induced negative feedback on gonadotropin secretion in patients with gonadotropin-secreting and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (2002) European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 32 (5), pp. 335-340. , DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2362.2002.00981.xLeung, N.M., Lochnan, H.A., Ooi, T.C., Successful long-term management of a gonadotroph adenoma with bromocriptine (1998) Endocr Pract., 4 (5), pp. 274-278Murata, Y., Ando, H., Nagasaka, T., Takahashi, I., Saito, K., Fukugaki, H., Matsuzawa, K., Mizutani, S., Clinical case seminar: Successful pregnancy after bromocriptine therapy in an anovulatory woman complicated with ovarian hyperstimulation caused by follicle-stimulating hormone-producing plurihormonal pituitary microadenoma (2003) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88 (5), pp. 1988-1993. , DOI 10.1210/jc.2002-021820Kottler, M.-L., Seret-Begue, D., Lahlou, N., Assayag, M., Carre, M.-C., Lagarde, J.-P., Ajzenberg, C., Warnet, A., The GnRH receptor gene is preferentially expressed in functioning gonadotroph adenomas and displays a Mae III polymorphism site (1998) Clinical Endocrinology, 49 (1), pp. 115-123. , DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2265.1998.00500.xWinkler, N., Bukulmez, O., Hardy, D.B., Carr, B.R., Gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists suppress aromatase and anti-Müllerian hormone expression in human granulosa cells (2010) Fertil Steril., 94 (5), pp. 1832-1839. , Epub 2009 Nov.

Prospective Evaluation Of Bone Mass In Women With Gonadal Dysgenesis Undergoing Hormone Therapy - A 5-year Analysis

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