Firmness indexes evaluation for fresh-cut sliced pineapple treated with calcium salts solutions

Fresh-cut sliced fruits and vegetables are ready to eat immediately and their sensorial characteristics should be similar to fresh product. Although most of the studies in this area are focused on vegetables, there is a great market potential for fresh-cut sliced fruits, mainly for those which exhibit some commercialization or preparation difficulties such as pineapple. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of 1% and 3% concentrations of calcium salts (chloride, sulphate and lactate) on pH, total soluble solids and firmness values of minimally processed pineapple slices. Two types of indenters and three firmness indexes were investigated aiming to identify the best index. Results showed that calcium sulphate 3% kept average firmness index up to 44.45% higher than the index value of the control. Even though both indenters exhibited similar variability the cylindrical one was able to point out more differences between control and treatments than the cylindrical borer indenter.Produtos minimamente processados estão prontos para o consumo imediato e devem apresentar qualidade sensorial semelhante à do produto fresco. Embora a maioria dos estudos seja com hortaliças, constata-se o grande potencial de comercialização de frutas minimamente processadas, principalmente aquelas que oferecem alguma dificuldade para a comercialização ou até mesmo para o preparo, sendo o abacaxi um ótimo exemplo disso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes sais de cálcio (cloreto, sulfato e lactato), nas concentrações de 1% e 3%, utilizando-se de medidas de pH , sólidos solúveis totais e da firmeza, em fatias de abacaxi minimamente processadas. Dois tipos de ponteiras de penetração (cilíndrica e anel vazador) e três índices de firmeza foram utilizados para mensurar a textura, visando a identificar o melhor índice. Os resultados mostraram que os tratamentos com sulfato de cálcio 3% mantiveram o índice de firmeza das fatias em até 44,45% superior ao da testemunha. Os índices da ponteira cilíndrica, apesar de apresentarem variabilidade semelhante aos da ponteira de anel vazador, apontaram número maior de diferenças entre a testemunha e os tratamentos.15416

Prestorage application of high carbon dioxide combined with controlled atmosphere storage as a dual approach to control Botrytis cinerea in organic 'Flame Seedless' and 'Crimson Seedless' table grapes

Pre-storage application of 40% CO2 at 0 °C for 24 or 48 h and controlled atmosphere (12% O2 + 12% CO2) storage at 0 °C for up to eight weeks on decay control and quality of organic ‘Flame Seedless’ and ‘Crimson Seedless’ table grapes were studied as a postharvest disease control alternative. To simulate different potential field conditions, these organic treatments were applied to organic-grown grapes that were naturally infected (without inoculation), surface inoculated (berries inoculated by spraying with a conidia suspension), and nesting inoculated (clusters inoculated by placing in the middle an artificially infected berry) with the pathogen Botrytis cinerea, the cause of grape gray mold. Under these three conditions, a 40% CO2 for 48 h pre-storage treatment followed by controlled atmosphere reduced the gray mold incidence from 22% to 0.6% and from 100% to 7.4% after four and seven weeks, respectively. High CO2 pre-storage alone limited botrytis incidence in both naturally and artificially infected grapes, but was more effective when combined with CA. These treatments did not affect visual or sensory fruit quality. Exposure to high CO2 for 24 or 48 h effectively inhibited mycelial growth of B. cinerea in PDA plates incubated at 22 °C for up to 72 h. Conidia germination in PDA plates was reduced ∼60% after 12 h incubation. In vitro studies demonstrated a fungistatic effect, but further studies on the mechanism of action could improve treatment performance. This novel high CO2 initial fumigation followed by controlled atmosphere during storage or transportation could be a commercially feasible alternative for postharvest handling of organic and conventional table grapes. Our results encourage validating this combined physical treatment in other cultivars and under commercial conditions.893239COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESSem informaçã

Atividade metabólica de abacaxi 'Pérola' minimamente processado decorrente do formato de corte e da temperatura

The effects of cut shape and temperature on the respiratory activity and ethylene synthesis of fresh-cut 'Pérola' pineapple were investigated. Two experiments were carried out. In the first, slices and chunks were placed in air-tight packages kept at 4 or 10ºC. Gas samples were taken every 2 h during 12 h and analysed by gas chromatography. In the second experiment, peeled fruits, slices and chunks were placed in air-tight glass jars connected to a flowboard installed in a cold room at 5 ± 1ºC. This system provided a continuous flow of humid and cold air during 14 d. Respiration rate was determined every 2 h, during the first 12 h, then daily for 10 d and on days 12 and 14. Ethylene synthesis was not detected during 12 h of evaluation. The lower respiration rates that occurred when fruits were stored at 4ºC indicate that this condition provides greater shelf life for the fresh-cut product. The initial respiration rate of slices and chunks stored at 5ºC doubled as compared with peeled fruits under the same conditions. The respiratory behaviour of slices and chunks was very similar during 14 d of cold storage, with respiration rates between 1.96 and 4.10 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1.Procurou-se avaliar a influência do formato de corte e da temperatura sobre a atividade respiratória e a síntese de etileno em abacaxis 'Pérola' minimamente processados. Dois experimentos foram realizados. No primeiro, fatias e cubos foram acondicionados em embalagens herméticas mantidas a 4 ou a 10ºC. Alíquotas gasosas foram retiradas a cada 2 h, durante 12 h, e analisadas por meio de cromatografia gasosa. No segundo experimento, frutos inteiros descascados, fatias e cubos foram acondicionados em frascos de vidro herméticos conectados a um fluxcentro instalado em câmara refrigerada a 5 ± 1ºC. Tal sistema garantiu o fornecimento de um fluxo contínuo de ar umidificado e frio durante 14 d. O monitoramento da taxa respiratória foi realizado em intervalos de 2 h, nas primeiras 12 h, então diariamente por 10 d, e nos dias 12 e 14. Não foi detectada síntese de etileno no período de 12 h em que foram realizadas as análises de cromatografia gasosa. As menores taxas respiratórias ocorreram quando os frutos foram acondicionados a 4ºC, indicando que essa condição proporciona maior vida útil ao produto minimamente processado. A taxa respiratória inicial dos frutos cortados em fatias e cubos, acondicionados a 5ºC, correspondeu ao dobro da observada nos frutos inteiros descascados mantidos na mesma condição. O comportamento respiratório dos frutos minimamente processados em fatias e cubos foi muito semelhante, durante os 14 d de armazenamento refrigerado, com taxas respiratórias oscilando entre 1,96 e 4,10 mg CO2 kg-1 h-1.413417Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Influência da embalagem de polietileno de baixa densidade e da temperatura na conservação do repolho minimamente processado Effects of low density polyethylene packaging and temperature in the conservation of fresh-cut cabbage

Neste trabalho, foi estudado o efeito da embalagem de polietileno de baixa densidade e da temperatura de armazenagem na conservação de repolho minimamente processado. Os repolhos, previamente resfriados à temperatura de 10 ºC, foram submetidos à seleção, lavagem, corte em quatro partes com a retirada do talo central, sanitização, corte em tiras, enxágüe, centrifugação, pesagem e acondicionamento em embalagens plásticas de polietileno de baixa densidade (70 µm) e armazenados em câmaras frias nas temperaturas de 1 e 10 ºC por 20 dias. Avaliaram-se dióxido de carbono, oxigênio e etileno na atmosfera interna da embalagem, bem como pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis totais, vitamina C, perda de massa fresca e relação sólidos solúveis totais/acidez no repolho minimamente processado. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Os parâmetros de análise, com exceção da vitamina C, perda de massa fresca e etileno, apresentaram variação significativa entre as temperaturas e dias de armazenamento. O repolho armazenado na temperatura de 1 ºC apresentou vida de prateleira ao redor de 15 dias, significativamente maior que a 10 ºC. Nesta última, no 8º dia de armazenamento, o produto encontrava-se totalmente deteriorado, sem condições de comercialização e consumo.<br>This research studied the effect of low density polyethylene packaging and storage temperature on the preservation of fresh-cut (minimally processed) cabbage. The cabbages, previously cooled to a temperature of 10 ºC, were selected, washed, cut in four parts (with the central stalk removed), sanitized, cut in strips, rinsed, put in the centrifuge, weighed and stored in plastic packaging of low density polyethylene (70 µm), and then stored in cold chambers at temperatures of 1 and 10 ºC for 20 days. The following aspects were evaluated: carbon dioxide, oxygen and ethylene in the internal atmosphere of the package as well as, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C, loss of fresh mass and the total soluble solids/acidity in the fresh-cut cabbage ratio. The experimental design was entirely casual, with three repetitions. The analysis parameters, except for the vitamin C, loss of fresh mass and ethylene, presented significant variation between the temperatures and days of storage. The cabbage stored at a temperature of 1 ºC presented a shelf life of around 15 days, significantly higher than that stored at 10 ºC. At this temperature, on the 8th day of storage, the product was completely decayed, unfit for commercialization or consumption